本科毕业设计(论文)
题目：重庆市机电产品出口 存在的问题和对策分析
2016年 5月
摘要
重庆市作为我国西部机电产品出口强市之一，机电产品贸易在重庆市对外贸易中占有重要的地位，对拉动重庆市经济增长，提高国际竞争力，增加国际市场份额，推进机电产品现代化建设，提高机电产业综合生产能力和促进机电产业结构调整方面有着重要的作用。近年来，重庆市机电产品出口贸易总量在逐年增加，部分产品出口金额居全国前列。但是重庆机电产品依然存在外需不振、出口商品结构单一，产品附加值较低，缺乏品牌自主权，严峻的国际市场等问题。
本文对重庆市近年来机电产品出口的贸易发展现状进行分析，总结出机电产品出口贸易发展中存在的问题，并提出了相应的对策。希望通过对重庆市机电产品出口的研究，能够促进机电产品出口贸易的可持续发展，也能对其他省份起到借鉴作用。
关键词：重庆市；机电产品；出口贸易；竞争力
I
Abstract
Chongqing as one of the strongest export of mechanical and electrical products in Western China，Mechanical and electrical products trade plays an important role in the foreign trade of Chongqing. To pull the economic growth in Chongqing, and improve the international competitiveness, increase international market share, promote the modernization construction of mechanical and electronic products, mechanical and electrical industry comprehensive production capacity and mechanical and electrical industry in promoting structural adjustment has an important role .In recent years, Chongqing mechanical and electrical products export trade volume increased year by year, the partial products export amount is ranked among the top nationwide. But Chongqing’ s mechanical and electrical products remain weak external demand, export commodity structure of a single, low value-added products, the lack of brand autonomy, serious problems such as the international market.
In this paper, for mechanical and electrical products export trade development situation in recent years in Chongqing were analyzed and sums up the problems existing in the development of mechanical and electrical products export trade, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures. I hope that through the study of hometown mechanical and electrical products export, to promote sustainable development of the hometown of mechanical and electrical products export trade, can also be used for reference in other provinces.
Key words: Chongqing city；mechanical and electrical products；export trade；
competitiveness
II
目录
1 绪论 ..................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 研究背景................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 研究方法................................................................................................................................. 1 1.3 研究意义................................................................................................................................. 2 1.4 研究内容与框架结构 ............................................................................................................. 2
1.4.1 主要研究内容 ............................................................................................................ 2 1.4.2 研究框架与结构......................................................................................................... 3
2 重庆市机电产品出口现状分析 ......................................................................................................... 4
2.1 重庆市机电产品出口概况 ..................................................................................................... 4
2.1.1 机电产品的分类......................................................................................................... 4 2.1.2 我市机电产品出口概况 ............................................................................................. 5 2.2 重庆市机电产品出口的现状及其特征分析 ......................................................................... 6
2.2.1 重庆市机电产品出口的市场现状 ............................................................................. 6 2.2.2 重庆市出口的机电产品结构 ..................................................................................... 7 2.2.3 重庆市机电产品出口贸易方式 ................................................................................. 8
3 重庆市机电产品出口存在的问题 ..................................................................................................... 9
3.1 重庆市机电产品出口面临的技术壁垒问题 ......................................................................... 9
3.1.1 主要国家对我国的技术壁垒 ..................................................................................... 9 3.1.2 技术性壁垒对重庆市机电产品出口的影响 ........................................................... 11 3.2 重庆市机电产品存在的其他问题 ....................................................................................... 12
3.2.1 缺乏重庆自主品牌................................................................................................... 12 3.2.2 出口市场过于集中................................................................................................... 12 3.2.3 出口方式陈旧，仍以加工贸易为主 ....................................................................... 13 3.2.4 机电商品结构单一,技术含量低 .............................................................................. 13
4 促进重庆市机电产品出口对策研究 ............................................................................................... 14
4.1 深化发展“品牌带动策略” ............................................................................................... 14
4.1.1 支持企业加速建立自主国际品牌 ........................................................................... 14
III
4.1.2 企业应积极主动并购海外知名品牌 ....................................................................... 14 4.2 注重研发和技术创新，推进调整机电产品结构 ............................................................... 14 4.3 发展多元化的国际市场 ....................................................................................................... 15 4.4 促进跨境电子商务贸易的发展 ........................................................................................... 15 4.5 提高国际贸易技巧，增强竞争力 ....................................................................................... 16 5 结论 ................................................................................................................................................... 17 致谢......................................................................................................................................................... 18 参考文献 ................................................................................................................................................. 19
IV