新目标英语八年级下册第四单元学案
一. 重点单词 1. ever adv.曾经；永远 2. message n.消息；信息 3. suppose v.假定；认为；期望 4. nervous adj.神经紧张的；不安的 5. true adj.真实的 6. lucky adj.幸运的
7. copy v.复制；抄袭 8. own adj.自己的 9. village n.乡村 10. area n.地区；地域的
11. meter n.米；公尺 12. thin adj.稀薄的
13. decision n.决心；决定 14. husband n. 丈夫 15. college n.学院；大学 16. start n.开始；开端
17. influence n.影响 18. hometown n.家乡，故乡
19. danger n.危险
二. 重点词组 1. have a surprise party开一个惊喜聚会 2. be mad at对??非常愤怒，恼火 3. first of all首先
4. pass....to把??传给?? 5. be supposed to认为必须，认为应该 6. do well in在某方面做得好；擅长 7. have a cold感冒 8. be in good health身体健康 9. get nervous变得紧张 10. end-of-year exam年终考试 11. report card成绩报告单 12. get over恢复；克服 13. pass on传递
三. 重点句子 1. I am mad at Marcia. She said she was mad at Marcia. 2. I am having a party for Lana. She said she was having a party for Lana.
3. I go to the beach every Saturday. He said he went to the beach every Saturday.
4. I will call you tomorrow. He told me he would call me tomorrow / the next day.
5. I can speak three languages. She said she could speak three languages.
四. 重点语法: 间接引语
直接引语和间接引语：直接引用别人的话表达意思，称为直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话，称为间接引 语。
直接引语和间接引语中动词形式的变化形式如下：
直接引语 I am mad at Marcia. I am having a party for Lana. I go to the beach every Saturday. I will call you tomorrow. I can speak three languages. He said he went to the beach every Saturday. He told me he would call me tomorrow. She said she could speak three languages. （1）直接引语变成间接引语时，几个主要时态的变化规律 直接引语 一般现在时 一般将来时 现在进行时 间接引语 一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 间接引语 She said she was mad at Marcia. She said she was having a party for Lana. （2）直接引语变成间接引语时，一些词汇的变化规律 直接引语 1. am / is 2. are 3. have / has 间接引语 1. was 2. were 3. had 4. will 5. can 6. may 4. would 5. could 6. might 在间接引语中除了注意时态，人称和时间状语的变化外，陈述句的句型，语序没有变化，只是要在陈述句前
加连词that，它常常被省略，不在句子中担任成分。 eg. She said to me, “I like English very much.” ---- She said ( that ) she liked English very much.
当引用的句子是一般疑问句，转述为间接引语时，要把一般疑问句句型转换为陈述句句型，同时在句子前面 加上if或whether。
eg. My friend asked me, “Do you like English?” ---- My friend asked me if / whether I liked English. 当引用的句子是祈使句时，那么间接引语要改用动词不定式表示。 句型：肯定句：tell / ask ...sb. to do sth. 否定句：tell / ask ....sb. not to do sth. eg. The teacher said, “Don’t be late again.”
--- The teacher told the students not to be late again. 把特殊疑问句转述为间接引语时，要特别注意语序的变化。它的语序转换为陈述句语序，要以疑问词开头 （并注意此时不能用that）。
eg. Mary asked me, “Who is she?” ----- Mary asked me who she was. 五. 知识点讲解
1. I’m mad at Marcia.我生玛茜娅的气。
“mad”在此意为“生气的，愤怒的”，be mad at....意思是“生??的气”，“对??发怒”，相当于 be angry with。
eg. The teacher was mad at the boy. The teacher was angry with the boy. be mad about意为“对??迷的发狂” eg. I am mad about collecting stamps. get mad意为“变疯，变的恼怒”
eg. I got mad yesterday because of his lie.
2. Lana said she would bring some drinks and snacks to your house. “bring....to...”表示“（从别处把某人或某物）带来”。bring的反义词是take，表示把某人或某物 “带走（到别处）”。
eg. Please bring the book to school tomorrow. Please take the empty cup away. 3. I’m good at speaking.
be good at意为“擅长于??”“在??方面做的好”，相当于do well in，后跟名词，动名词，代词。 eg. She is good at singing. ＝She does well in singing.
I’m better at reading than listening. I can do better in math.
4. I’m sorry to hear that he had a cold last week. I hope you are in good health.
听说他上周感冒了，我很难过，我希望你身体健康。
be sorry to do sth.意为“对??感到很难过” eg. I’m sorry to break the window. I’m sorry to hear of the news.
5. I always get nervous.我总是很紧张。 get nervous的用法 get nervous“感到紧张不安的；易激动的”
get为系动词，nervous为形容词，作表语。也可以说成：be nervous或feel nervous。
eg. Jenny is a shy girl. She always gets nervous while talking with strangers. I’m nervous about the exams. Take it easy. Don’t be nervous.
6. I had a hard time with science this semester, and I wasn’t surprised to find my worst
report card was from my science teacher.
这学期我在自然方面学习很吃力，看到我最差的成绩单是来自我的自然老师时，我一点也不吃惊。
（1）have a hard time with sth意为“在某方面感到很困难” eg. She had a hard time with English Classes.
（2）have a hard time with sb.意为“和某人关系处得非常不好” eg. Peter had a hard time with his father.
7. I said that was OK and that I was sure she’d get over it. 我说那好吧，我确信她会恢复的。 “get over”表“恢复，克服”
eg. I am sure you can get over this difficulty. It’s almost done. Lets get it over.