高三秋季班
Part 1 . Reading Comprehension
B
One of Apple’s latest smartphones, the iPhone 5S, seems to have breathed new life into a technology that failed to take hold the first time: fingerprint scanners.
Placing a finger on a computer or smartphone has long been proposed as a way to avoid the need for passwords to check users of computers and other devices. Some laptop computer manufacturers began building such scanners into their machines more than a decade ago. But despite the 007-like cool factor, the technology proved not always reliable for most consumers.
Older scanners required users to swipe their finger across a device and employed software to create a compound image of the fingerprint. Oily or incorrectly placed fingers would lead to false negatives, as the scanners could only capture one image at a time.
But there is a growing recognition that passwords are a porous (易穿透的) defense for consumers’ information — particularly on mobile devices likely to be lost or stolen. At the same time, recent technology advances have made fingerprint scanners more accurate and reliable, handling issues that previously hindered their adoption.
Apple purchased fingerprint-reader specialist AuthenTec in 2012, and the U.S. government recently approved Apple’s patent for its own fingerprint reader technology. The company, like other makers of fingerprint scanners, uses radio frequencies to map a finger’s surface. These newer models scan the surface of a finger or thumb while it is at rest, allowing it to capture one to five images after one touch. This gives back--up images in case the first is of poor quality. Meanwhile, some major companies have signaled that fingerprint--based safeguards may finally be ready. Big players that include Google, LG Electronics, eBay’s Paypal unit and Lenovo Group have joined a nonprofit called the Fast Identity Online Alliance (快速身份验证联盟)，which pushes for broader use of biometrics (生物识别技术)，among other alternatives to passwords.
But fingerprint scanners aren’t foolproof. They can sometimes be tricked if an attacker uses scans or molds of a user’s fingerprints. Smartphones can also be hacked in ways that could bypass a fingerprint scanner.
“There’s potential danger of a false sense of security,” said Bret Harman, a computer security expert. Still, he said “it’s definitely an important step in the right direction.”
70. It has long been proposed that fingerprint scanning should be used to __________. A. detect the ill intentions of a criminal B. lock a stolen device by remote control C. protect mobile devices from being stolen
D. replace passwords on devices such as computers
71. Why wasn’t the fingerprint technology a success among consumers? A. Because it was too expensive. B. Because it was difficult to use. C. Because it wasn’t cool enough. D. Because it wasn’t always reliable. 72. We can eventually be assured of finger-based security in that __________. A. the improved technology is made perfect
B. Apple has released an iPhone featuring fingerprint technology
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C. some major companies are pushing for broader use of biometrics
D. every major technology company has a patent for its own fingerprint technology
73. What is computer security expert Bret Hartman’s attitude toward using fingerprint technology for security purpose?
A. He is supportive of it. B. He is strongly against it. C. He is indifferent to it. D. None of the above.
Part 2 Grammar —名词性从句 (1) 宾语从句
定义： 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和
形容词的宾语从句。 时态：
1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。
3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。 一、宾语从句的连接词
（1）连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句, 不充当成分
if和whether引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句. （2）
连接代词： who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever,
whichever等.
连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述. Do you know who has won Red Alert game? 你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏么？
The book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么. （3）
连接副词有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等.
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到. 二、 动词的宾语从句
1大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
He told us that they would help us through the whole work. 2. 可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
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①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做
形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . ②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it 这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to. I hate it when they with their mouths full of food. ③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替 We all consider what you said to be unbelievable. 我们都认为你所说的是不可信的. 三、介词的宾语从句 1.用wh-类的介词宾语从句
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 2.用that引导的介词宾语从句
有时候in， except介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company. 四、形容词的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised I am sure I will pass the exam. 五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别
① if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out
等之后,介词后一般不用if
② 少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether. ③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以. ④ 在不定式前只能用whether.
（如：I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。） 七、宾语从句的否定转移 宾语从句的反意疑问句
主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主
语是第一人称,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
I don’t think he will come to my party.
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式. We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he? 八: 运用虚拟语气的情况
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（1）建议 suggest 、advise、propose; 要求demand 、desire、request； 决定 decide; 命
令 order、command、require; 坚决主张 insist; 等动词后跟宾语从句，用（should）+v．（虚拟语气）
He ordered that we should go out at once．
（2）A. would rather 意为 “宁愿”， that 从句动词用Ved1表示还不是事实 1. Would you rather (that) she came to see me? 2. I would rather you posted the letter right away.
（3）在动词 wish 后，表示不太可能实现的愿望；如果指现在或将来的愿望，从句的动词用Ved; 如果指过去，从句用had + Ved2; 主句中的wish的时态不影响从句中的动词的虚拟语气形式
1. I wish (that) I were an actor. 2. I wish I had been to Tibet. 练习:
1. We haven’t settled the question of __________ it is necessary for him to study abroad. A. if B. where C. whether D. that 2. —Could you do me a favour? —It depends on __________ it is.
A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever 3. Could I speak to __________ is in charge of International Sales, please?
A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 4. The way he did it was different ________ we were used to.
A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which
5. We cannot figure out ____ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A. that B. as C. why D. when 6._______ we can’t get seems better than __________ we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what
7. Jane’s face suggested that she _____ ill, and her parents suggested that she _____ a medical examination.
A. be; should have B. was; have A. would be raised B. was raised
C. should be; had D. was; has C. be raised
D. raised
8. The workers in France demanded that the their pay _____ from the following week on. 9. The poor young man is ready to accept ________ help he can get. A. whichever B. whose C. whatever D. what 10.______comes back first is due to win the competition .
A.Those who B Anyone C No matter who D Whoever
11. Eat _____cake you like and leave the others for________comes late .
A.which ,who B.every , whomever C. whichever ,whoever D.which ,whoever 12. I would like to see _____you think is the manager of the firm A.who B. whoever C. whom D.whomever 13. He will send his gratitude to ______helps him . A.who B.whomever C.whoever D whom
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14. I wonder _______that makes him so embarrassed ? A.what is it B.why it is C.what it is D. why is it
15. Could I speak to ______is in charge of the international affairs ? A.who B.whoever C.whom D. whomever
(2) 同位语从句
一． 同位语从句的含义
在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。
例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。
析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。 二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句 1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略）
例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。
2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加\是否\的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）
例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加\什么时候\、\什么地点\、\什么方式\等含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。
例1：I have no idea when he will be back.
例2：I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike.
4.当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置,称为间隔式同位语从句。 如：The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.
5: 一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词（suggestion，advice，proposal，request）后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如： This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.
三、把握同位语从句和定语从句的区别，明确同位语从句和相似从句的界限
同位语从句与定语从句的区别
（1） 在句中所起的语法作用不同：引导定语从句的that是关系代词，在从句中充当句
子成分，而且that作宾语时可省略。引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起连接主
句和从句的作用，它不充当任何成分，不能省略，也不可被which代替。 如: We expressed the hope that Mr and Mrs Smith would come to visit China the
next year.
The news(that/which)we heard spread all over the city.
（2） 所修饰的词不尽相同：同位语从句所修饰的名词数量有限，往往是含有某种信息
的词，如：message,news,fact,hope,desire,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,questtion, order,belief,doubt,fear,truth,throught等，而定语从句修饰的先行词无此限制。
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