3.blue,purple,green 4.green,blue, apple 5.purple, pink, blue 答案: 1,3,5
40. 题干: Antonyms can be used to . 选项: 1.define the meanings of the words
2.express economically the opposite of a particular thought 3.do nothing
4.form antithesis to achieve emphasis by putting contrasting ideas together 5.create new words 答案: 1,2,4
41. 题干: Which of the following word(s) have(has) undergone through extension? 选项: 1.box (its meaning changed from container made of boxwood to any container）
2.layman（it meaning changed from one who is not of clergy to non-number of any profession)
3.voyage (from journey to journey by water)
4.busybody (from busy person to officious and meddlesome person) 5.poison (from drink to poisonous drink) 答案: 1,2
42. 题干: Word-meaning changes by modes of . 选项: 1.transfer 2.elevation 3.degradation 4.narrowing 5.extension
答案: 1,2,3,4,5
43. 题干: Which of the following word(s) have(has) undergone through extension? 选项: 1.mill (its meaning has changed from place for grinding to place where things are)
2.silly (from happy to foolish)
3.girl (from yonung person of either sex to female young person) 4.liquor (from liquid to alcoholic drink)
5.knight (from servant to rank below baronet) 答案: ,3,4
44. 题干: Which of the following word(s) have(has) undergone through elevation? 选项: 1.lust （its meaning has changed from pleasure to sexual desire)
2.fond (from foolish to affectionate)
3.minister (from servant to head of a ministry) 4.accident (from event to unfortunate event) 5.wife (from woman to married woman) 答案: ,2,3
45. 题干: Which of the following word(s） in bold type has（have） experienced associated transfer?
选项: 1.You should address your remarks to the chair. 2.Michael is the pride of the family.
3.The fairy tale ?The sleeping Beauty? is very interesting. 4.Helen looks a fright in that old black dress. 5.The student assistant is an efficient help. 答案: 1
46. 题干: The types of transfer are . 选项: 1.associated transfer 2.tranfer from abstract to concrete 3.transfer from concrete to abstract 4.transfer of sensations
5.transfer from subjective to objective 答案: 1,2,3,4,5
47. 题干: The linguistic factors which cause the changes of word-meaning are . 选项: 1.the shortening of a phrase ot one word 2.historical reason
3.the influx of borrowings 4.class reason 5.analogy 答案: 1,3,5
48. 题干: Non-linguistic context includes . 选项: 1.people 2.time 3.place
4.the whole cultural background 5.sentence structure 答案: 1,2,3,4
49. 题干: The major functions of context are . 选项: 1.economical expression 2.rhetorical device
3.elimination of ambiguity 4.indication of referents
5.provision of clues for inferring word-meaning
答案: ,3,4,5
50. 题干: Ambiguity arises due to . 选项: 1.polysemy 2.homonymy 3.hyponymy
4.grammatical structure 5.synonymy 答案: 1,2,4
51. 题干: By grammatical functions, idioms can be divided into . 选项: 1.set phrases
2.idioms nominal in nature 3.idioms verbal in nature 4.idioms adverbial in nature 5.sentence idioms 答案: ,2,3,4,5
52. 题干: Which of the following idioms has(have) used metonymy? 选项: 1.fall into good hands 2.make a purse 3.black horse
4.The pot calls the cattle black. 5.kick the bucket 答案: ,2
53. 题干: “Give somebody an inch and he?ll take a mile” is a _________.
选项: 1.idiom adverbial in nature 2.idioms nominal in nature 3.true idiom 4.sentence idiom 5.proverb 答案: ,4,5
54. 题干: Which of the following idioms has(have) used euphemism? 选项: 1.perfumed talk 2.the call of nature
3.two heads are better than one 4.eat like a horse 5.a wet blanket 答案: 1,2
55. 题干: Occasionally, we may find changes in constituents of
idioms: etc.
选项: 1.replacement 2.deletion
3.position-shifting 4.addition
5.dismembering 答案: 1,2,3,4,5
56. 题干: According to their size, dictionaries can be divided into .
选项: 1.unabridged dictionaries 2.linguistic dictionaries 3.monolingual dictionaries 4.desk dictionaries
5.specialized dictionaries 答案: 1,4
57. 题干: Despite the difference in scope, length, and depth, reader will find the following areas of information in a dictionary: . 选项: 1.spelling 2.pronunciation 3.definition 4.usage
5.example sentence 答案: 1,2,3,4
58. 题干: Which of the following dictionary(ies) is(are) monolingual dictionary(ies)? 选项: 1.A New English-Chinese Dictionary
2.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese Translation 3.Oxford Advanced Learner?s Dictionary of Current English 4.LDCE 5.CCELD 答案: ,4,5
59. 题干: Which of the following idioms has(have) used synecdoche? 选项: 1.Failure is the mother of success. 2.black bottle
3.two heads are better than one 4.live by one?s pen 5.earn one?s bread 答案: ,3,5
60. 题干: Which of the following words are semantically motivated?
选项: 1.mouth in \ 2.mountain in \ 3.pen
4.greenhorn
5.bottle in \ 答案: 1,5
试题种类:论述题
1. 题干: What is the relationship between sound and meaning? Illustrate it with examples.
答案: A word is a symbol that stands for something else in the world. Each of the world?s cultures has come to agree that certain sounds will represent certain persons, things, places, properties, processes and activities outside the language system. This symbolic connection is almost always arbitrary, and there is ?no logical relationship between the sound which stands for a thing or an idea and the actual thing and idea itself?. A dog is called a dog not because the sound and the three letters that make up the word just automatically suggest the animal in question. It is only symbolic. The relationship between them is conventional because people of the same speech community have agreed to refer to the animal with this cluster of sounds. In different languages the same concept can be represented by different sounds. Woman, for example, becomes Frau in German, femme in French and 妇女 in Chinese. On the other hand, the same sound [mi:t] is used to mean meet, meat, mete. Knight and night, though denoting entirely different things, yet have the same sound.
2. 题干: How do you account for the role of native words in English in relation to loan-words?
答案: Native words are those of Anglo-Saxon origin, which are small in number. Loan words are borrowed from other languages. It is estimated loan-words constitute about 80% of the modern English vocabulary. Native words cannot compare with loan-words in number, but have a more important role in the language. Native words form the mainstream of the basic word stock whereas only a limited number of borrowed words belong to the common core.
3. 题干: How can you distinguish synonyms? Illustrate your point with examples. 答案: We can distinguish synonyms in denotation, connotation and application. 1. Difference in denotation
1) Synonyms may differ in degree of intensity. For example, small and tiny both mean “small”, but tiny is stronger than small. The same is true of rich and wealthy. Wealthy is stronger than rich.
2) Synonyms differ in the range of meaning. For example, mend and patch are