安徽省高考自主命题2018仿真卷(三)
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节, 满分35分）
第一节：语法和词汇知识（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
21. It was terribly windy last night and there was _____ 18-degree drop in _____ temperature.
A. a;/ B. /;/ C. an;/ D. an; the
22. --Would you lend me $ 100 9 I need it to buy myself an MP3 player. ---_____.
A. What a pity B. That's right C. Nothing doing D. That depends 23. _____ that everyone present approves of the plan, it will come into effect from the new year on.
A. For B. Now C. Since D. Despite
24. In a time of social reform, people's state of mind tends to keep _____ with the rapid changes of society.
A. step B. progress C. pace D. touch
25. My train arrives in Chicago at eight o'clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there _____ by then.
A. would leave B. will have left C. has left D. had left 26. I'm sorry. I can't see you immediately; but if you'd like to take a seat, I'll be with you _____.
A. for a moment B. in a moment C. for the moment D. at the moment 27. The violin player was certainly loud. But I wasn't bothered by his loudness ______ by his lack of talent.
A. than B. more than C. as D. so much as 28. Susan ought to stop work; she has a headache because she _____ too long. A. has been writing B. had written C. is writing D. wrote 29. The researcher could hardly find enough evidence _____ his arguments in favour of the new theory.
A. to be based on B. to base on C. which to base on D. on which to base
30. Jack was halfway back to the village where his mother lived _____ Mary caught up with him.
A. when B. while C. until D. though 31. _____ the weather changing so rapidly, we couldn't go on with the experiment. A. Since B. Because C. As D. With 32. After working all day, he was so tired that he was in no _____ to go to the evening with us.
A. mood B. emotion C. sense D. taste 33. If you don't like to go skating, you _____ as well stay at home. A. should B. may C. can D. would 34. It is obvious that the strength of a country is directly ensured by the efficiency of education, and _____ this in turn relies upon the efforts of educators of all kinds.
A. which B. how C. that D. why
35. Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when _____ alone. A. seen B. is seen C. to be seen D. having been seen 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36--55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
From the war room to the hoard room, negotiations (谈判) are a part of everyday life. Successful negotiations demand a clear ___36___ of one's opponent (对手). But what ___37___ should one take to achieve such an understanding in everyday negotiations?
Psychologist Adam Galinsky and colleagues William Maddux, Debra Gilin, and Judith White asked a ____38___ question and found that success in negotiations ___39___ on focusing on the head and not the ___40___. In other words, it is better to understand the perspective of negotiation opponents ___41___ sympathize with them.
Perspective-taking, according to the study published in the April 2018 issue of Psychological Science, ___42___ understanding and anticipating (预期) an opponent's interests, thoughts, and ___43___ behaviors, whereas empathy (同情) focuses mostly on sympathy and compassion for another.
\takers are able to step outside the limits of their own immediate, biased (偏见的) frames of preference,\wrote the authors. \___44___, leads individuals to violate norms of equity and equality and to provide preferential treatments.\
The researchers ___45___ a total of three studies designed to assess the relationship between successful negotiations and perspective-taking and empathy tendencies. In two of them, the participants negotiated the sale of a gas station ___46___ a deal based solely on price was impossible: the seller's ___47___ price was higher than the buyer's limit. However, both parties' basic interests were compatible (相容的), and so creative deals were possible. In the first study, those ___48___ who scored highly on the perspective-taking part of a personality test were more likely to successfully ___49___ a deal. In contrast, higher scores on empathy led the two parties to be ___50___ at reaching a creative deal.
In the second study involving the same gas station negotiation, participants were ___51___ into three groups: the perspective-taking group, who were told to imagine ___52___ the other person was thinking; the empathy group, who were told to imagine what the other person was ___53___; and a control group. The psychologists discovered that perspective-takers secured the most agreements and increased the satisfaction of their opponents ___54___ the control condition. Although empathizers produced the highest level of opponent satisfaction, they were less successful than perspective-takers at reaching a deal and ___55___ failed to create long-term value for themselves and their opponents.
36. A. knowledge B. understanding C. awareness D. idea
37. A. suggestion B. way C. approach D. proposal 38. A. same B. similar C. alike D. like
39. A. replies B. decides C. lies D. depends
40. A. mind B. reason C. emotion D. heart 41. A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. better than 42. A. involves B. devotes C. shares D. restores
43. A. probably B. likely C. perhaps D. possibly 44. A. therefore B. thus C. although D. however
45. A. reformed B. performed C. understood i). carried 46. A. where B. which C. why D. what
47. A. requiring B. requesting C. demanding D. asking 48. A. opponents B. participants C. competitors D. members 49. A. arrive at B. lead 1o C. get to D. arrive in
50. A. more successful B. more failing C. less successful D. less failing
51. A. separated B. cut C. sorted D. fallen 52. A. that B. whether C. which D. what
53. A. saying B. considering C. feeling D. looking 54. A. comparing to B. compared to C. compared in D. comparing with 55. A. so B. finally C. that D. thus 第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题．每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项( A, B，C，和D)中，进出最佳答案．并将答案写在答题卡上。
A
There are many factors which may have an influence on adults and children being able to lead a healthy life.
Nowadays, people are very busy. Often, both parents work outside the home. Children are expected to take on more responsibility at home to help their parents. They also have sporting and leisure activities as well as school expectations. The business also adds another factor: the need to use cars to get from one place to another quickly.
Today, society places a lot of emphasis on technology. Computers, DVDs. CDs, television, PlayStations and X-boxes have become major leisure activities, rather than traditional more active pursuits (追求). This has led to a more sedentary lifestyle.
The media provide entertainment and information. Unfortunately, they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles. It is much more convenient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal. The media constantly bombard (轰炸) their audience with \body images, the need to buy the most fashionable clothes, the most up-to-date computer games, the best places to visit and the best things to do.
Environments vary. We may be exposed to pollution, such as cigarette smoke. This
can be harmful to people who suffer from breathing difficulties. Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a healthy life.
It is important factor influencing healthy lifestyles is motivation, or the desire to be healthy. Any person who wants to be healthy will find a way to be healthy--if he/she is motivated enough! 56. The passage is mainly about _____.
A. benefits of a healthy life style B. demands of daily life C. factors affecting a healthy lifestyle D. a positive approach to healthy living
57. The word \
A. having a lot of things to do B. involving little exercise or physical activity
C. being isolated from the outside world D. experiencing a lot of stress 58. Which is NOT listed as a factor influencing the ability to have a healthy lifestyle?
A. Pollution. B. Economic factors.
C. Dependence upon cars. D. Influence of family or friends.
59. According to the author, _____ may be the most important factor influencing healthy.
A. technology B. cultural background C. environment D. the desire to be healthy
B
A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics and wars. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.
In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly \his well-known painting The Third of May, 1818, he criticized the Spanish government for its abuse (滥用) of power over people.
In the same way, art can reflect a culture's religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art had been almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that described people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn’t read, they could still understand the Bible stories in the pictures on walls of churches. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was, and still is, its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues are not holy.
60. More can be learned about a culture from a study of art history than general history because _____.
A. art history shows us nothing but the political values B. general history only focuses on politics
C. art history gives us an insight (洞察力) into the essential qualities of a time and a place
D. general history concerns only religious beliefs, emotions and psychology 61. Art is subjective in that _____.
A. a personal and emotional view of history is presented through it B. it only reflects people's anger or sadness about social problems C. it can easily arouse people's anger about their government
D. artists were or are religious, who reflect only the religious aspect of the society
62. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. In history books political views of people are entirely presented.
B. Francisco Goya expressed his religious belief in his painting The Third of May, 1818.
C. In the Middle East, you can hardly find animal or human figures on palaces or other building.
D. For centuries in Europe, painters had only painted on walls of churches or other religious buildings.
63. The passage mainly discusses _____. A. the development of art history
B. the difference between general history and art history
C. what we can learn from art D. the influence of artists on art history
C
Nonverbal (非语言的) communication has to do with gestures, movements and closeness of two people when they are talking. The scientists say that those gestures, movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry.
For example, the body distance between two speakers can be important. North Americans often complain that South Americans are unfriendly because they tend to stand close to the North American when speaking, while the South American often considers the North American to be \distance between himself and the person he is speaking to. The \contact\provides another example of what we are calling nonverbal communication. Scientists have observed that there is more eye contact between people who like each other than there is between people who don't like each other. The length of time that the person whom you are speaking to looks at your eyes indicates the amount of interest he has in the things you are talking about.
On the other hand, too long a gaze (凝视) can make people uncomfortable. The eyes apparently play a great part in nonverbal communication. Genuine warmth or interest, shyness or confidence can often be seen in the eyes. We do not always consider a smile to be a sign of friendliness. Someone who is always smiling, and with little apparent reasons, often makes us uneasy.