届毕业论文
年产20万吨丙烯腈工段工艺合成
系 、 部： 学生姓名：指导教师：专 业：班 级：完成时间：
职称 化学工程与工艺
目 录
摘 要 ........................................................................................................................................... III Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... III 第一章 文献综述 ........................................................................................................................... 1
1.1丙烯腈简述 ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 市场调研 ........................................................................................................................... 1
1.2.1 国际现状 ................................................................................................................. 1 1.2.2 国内现状 ................................................................................................................. 2 1.3丙烯腈的合成方法和工艺条件 ........................................................................................ 3
1.3.1 丙烷氨氧化法 ......................................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 丙烯氨氧法 ............................................................................................................. 4 1.3.3 方案的选择 ............................................................................................................. 4 1.3.4 反应过程分析 ......................................................................................................... 4
第二章 工艺流程 ......................................................................................................................... 7
2.1 设计任务 ......................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 生产工艺流程示意图 ..................................................................................................... 7 都三章 物料衡算和热量衡算 ....................................................................................................... 9
3.1小时生产能力 .................................................................................................................... 9 3.2反应器的物料衡算和热量衡算 ........................................................................................ 9 3.3 废热锅炉的热量衡算 ................................................................................................... 12 3.4 空气饱和塔物料衡算和热量衡算 ............................................................................... 13 3.5 氨中和塔物料衡算和热量衡算 ................................................................................... 15 3.6 换热器物料衡算和热量衡算 ....................................................................................... 19 3.7 水吸收塔物料衡算和热量衡算 ................................................................................... 20 3.8 空气水饱和塔釜液槽 ................................................................................................... 23 3.9 丙烯蒸发器热量衡算 ................................................................................................... 24 3.10 丙烯过热器热量衡算 ................................................................................................. 24 3.11 氨蒸发器热量衡算 ..................................................................................................... 25 3.12 气氨过热器 ................................................................................................................. 26 3.13 混合器 ......................................................................................................................... 26 3.14 空气加热器的热量衡算 ............................................................................................... 27
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第四章 主要设备的工艺计算 ..................................................................................................... 28
4.1 流化床合成反应器 ..................................................................................................... 28 4.2 空气饱和塔 ............................................................................................................... 31 4.3 丙烯蒸发器 ................................................................................................................... 33 第五章 车间布置设计[19-20] ....................................................................................................... 36
5.1 厂房建筑 ......................................................................................................................... 36 5.2 生产操作 ......................................................................................................................... 36 5.3 设备装修 ......................................................................................................................... 36 5.4 安全要求 ......................................................................................................................... 37 5.5 车间布置说明 ................................................................................................................. 37 第六章 结论 ................................................................................................................................. 38 参考文献 ....................................................................................................................................... 39 附录 ............................................................................................................................................... 38 致 谢 ........................................................................................................................................... 39
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摘 要
丙烯腈是重要的有机合成原料，是合成聚丙烯腈纤维，丁腈橡胶和合成塑料的重要单体。本文采用的是原料来源丰富、操作简单的丙烯氨氧化法生产丙烯腈。通过对从原料的处理到丙烯腈的合成工段的主要单元进行物料和热量衡算，通过对用流化床，丙烯氨氧化合成丙烯腈反应机理的分析，对年产20万吨丙烯腈的工艺流程和主要设备进行设计。
关键词：丙烯腈；丙烯氨氧化法；生产；设计
ABSTRACT
Acrylonitrile is an important organic synthetic raw materials, an important monomer for the synthesis of polyacrylonitrile fibers, nitrile rubber and synthetic plastics.This article is a rich source of raw materials, easy-to-the ammoxidation of propylene production of acrylonitrile.Material and heat balance from the processing of raw materials to acrylonitrile synthesis section in the main unit operator,By analysis and study of the fluidized bed reaction mechanism of propylene and ammonia oxidized into acrylonitrile，conduct the design of the process and major equipment used in Annual output of 20 million tons of acrylonitrile 。
Key words ：acrylonitrile ；ammonia oxidation of propylene ；production ；design
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