2015年高考英语真题分类汇编:专题20 议论文和说明文类(2)

2020-04-14 03:18

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34.D 考查连词辨析。A Though 虽然如此 B so 因此次 C while虽然如此 D or 否则;句意:在这种情况下,提前吃饭,否则,空腹会让阻止你睡。Or表示转折,故选D项。

35.B 考查名词辨析。A Understanding 明白的 B cycle圈; C research 研究;D trend趋势;句意:这些建议能帮你开始新生物钟。根据语境可知选B项。 【考点定位】日常生活类短文

【名师点睛】本篇完形从日常生活中的细节入手,根据常识能够得出答案如28,33空。29和31根据语境得出答案,做此类题目时,考生可以先根据选项来阅读文章,认真筛选甄别,这样有的放矢,大大提高阅读的效率,不可盲目地跟着感觉来进行解读,文中的每句话都有其出现的意义,上下文的联系是十分重要的。

3.Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.

In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 in people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.

Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone. First Impression

To help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.

As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an

园丁网数学第一站成套数学资料免费下载 www.yszybase.com early stage who would best fit into their lives. The 60 Knows

Scientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.

Face Value

Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.

When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.

51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise 52. A. romantic 53. A. priority 54. A. tested

B. stressful C. central B. proof

D. artificial D. principle

C. possibility

B. impressed B. virtues

C. changed D. created C. similarities D. passions

D. intentions

D. recall

55. A. appearances 56. A. illustrations 57. A. predict 58. A. critical 59. A. memorize 60. A. Nose

B. implications C. ingredients

B. investigate C. diagnose B. initial C. random B. distinguish

D. mature

C. negotiate D. question

B. Eye

C. Heart D. Hand

C. resistant

D. superior

61. A. open B. alert

园丁网数学第一站成套数学资料免费下载 www.yszybase.com 62. A. disappointed 63. A. emotion 64. A. enhance 65. A. familiar 【解析】

试题分析:古代和现代的人追求不同,现代人追求的是爱,但是科学家依然对爱还不是很清楚。

51. A 考查副词以及对语境的理解 Instead 意为相反,Therefore意为因此, Moreover意为此外, Otherwise 意为否则。观察空格前后的句式结构,可以前面用的是you would not detect … ,后面用的是you would see ,使用的动词不同,结构相同。由于前面有not,后面没有,所以可知此处表达为意思相反,所以答案为A。

52. C 考查形容词以及对语境的理解 romantic 意为浪漫的,stressful 意为压力的,central 意为中心的, artificial 意为人工的。根据上一句话“life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting”及本句的“In modern times, finding love is ”,分析语境,知道这两个句子是把古代和现代的情况进行对比。前一句用了center ,后一句用central, 两者的关系是同根重现。 53. B 考查名词以及对语境的理解 priority 意为优先权,proof 意为证明,possibility 意为可能性,principle 意为原则。后两句的意思是:很容易准备一系列的有关爱的现代故事。在当前的流行文化中,无数的故事和电影归类为爱情故事。根据这两句,的意思,结合上下文语境可知道本句的意思就是有很多证明的例子,所以答案为proof.

54. D 考查动词以及对语境的理解 tested 意为测试,imposed意为强加,changed 意为改变,created 意为创造。根据本段的最后一句话“One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.确定了一件事情是:爱的真理还不确定”可以知道科学家研究的是爱是否能够创造,而不应该是测试,改变或者是强加。其中set in stone 就像中文里说的“板上钉钉”,表示绝对不变。

55. C 考查名词以及对语境的理解 appearances 意为外表,virtues 意为美德,similarities意为相似,passions 意为激情。根据划线部分前面的连词but 可以判断前后是转折的意思,而opposites意为相反的,所以答案为相似的。

56. C 考查名词以及对语境的理解 illustrations 意为说明,implications 意为含义;暗示;牵连,卷入;可能的结果,影响,ingredients 意为成分,intentions 意为意图,目的。根据小

B. amazed B. attractiveness

C. confused C. individuality

D. gifted D. signals D. assess D. irritating

B. possess C. maintain B. plain

C. positive

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标题First Impression (第一印象)以及后面所描述的实验方法、内容和结果,可以知道实验的目的是决定吸引力的成分。

57. A 考查动词以及对语境的理解 predict 意为预测,investigate 意为调查,diagnose 意为诊断, recall 意为回忆。根据58题后面的judgment (判断),可以知道此处的答案应该是和判断同义的词。又根据该句后面的句子“after nine weeks, they reported what happened.9周之后,报道发生了什么事情?”可以知道这一些是还没有发生的事情,也就是预测到的东西。 58. B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解 critical 意为 批评的 ,initial 意为原始的 ,random 意为随意的, mature 意为成熟的。根据第57题预测的东西,那么预测的东西相对而言就是原始的,最初的判断。

59. B 考查动词以及对语境的理解 memorize 意为记忆,distinguish 意为区别,negotiate 意为谈判, question意为疑问。根据前一句话的意思“结果证明他们最初的判断是正确的”,该句要表达的意思和前一句相同,也就是说“学生似乎能够在早期区别适合他们的生活人”。

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65. C 考查形容词以及对语境的理解 familiar 意为熟悉,plain 意为普通的, positive 意为积极的, irritating 意为无礼的。根据最后一句的表达“Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.看一些吸引力的事情似乎能够导致快乐的思考。”不能得出答案的表达应该是一种快乐思考,所以答案为positive积极的。 【考点定位】 这是一篇说明文,阐述什么是爱?

【名师点睛】这是一篇说明文,没有生词,主要是考查上下文理解和单词理解。需要正确理解4个单词的选项,尤其要注意一些一词多义的地方,如test, open, question。也要注意题目与题目直接的关系,如58题和59题;要关注小标题以及段落的开头和结尾。结合上下文,留意那些涉及到重现的题目。


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