李海波 基于有限元分析的集装箱底板研究
基于有限元分析的集装箱底板研究
专 业:机械设计制造及其自动化 学 生: 李 海 波 指导教师: 李 益 民 完成日期: 2011年8月
扬州大学机械工程学院
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李海波 基于有限元分析的集装箱底板研究
摘 要
有限元法,也称有限元单元法或有限元素发,在计算机辅助工程CAE中占有重要的位置。随着现代力学,计算数学以及计算机技术在软、硬件方面的发展,有限元分析在理论和应用技术方面都已取得巨大的进步。广泛应用于铁道、石油化工、航空航天、机械制造、汽车交通、土木工程、造船等领域。在工程结构分析中,有限元方法已成为应用最广泛、最有效的数值方法之一。
使用有限元软件对船舶底板进行结构设计与分析,对用户的专业知识要求较高,并且大量的时间花在对有限元模型的创建和修改中。本文引入了有限元软件中的静态分析模型进行处理,以提高了分析效率。
针对市场集装箱底板所用木材缺乏的情况,将集装箱底板分为两种材料的层合板。其中中间芯板为人工制造的新型塑材,外面两层为耐磨的薄层塑材。通过压力机对板材试样进行弯曲变形量测试,从而得到材料的实际弹性模量,也就是影响地板材料所能承受载荷大小的关键因素。通过SolidWorks建立实体模型,然后导入ANSYS进行有限元分析板材在承受载荷时的应力和产生的位移变化。通过不同工况的比较和新型塑料底板与木材底板的应力、位移变形的比较,提出更好的优化方案,最终达到用新型塑材代替原用木材的效果。
关键字:集装箱底板,有限元分析,优化设计,ANSYS
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李海波 基于有限元分析的集装箱底板研究
Abstrat
Finte element method(FEM) occupies an important part in Computer Aided Engineering(CAE) methods.With the development of both hardware and software in the areas of Modern Mechanics,Calculating Mathematics and Compute Technology,FEM analysis sees a great progress botained on FEM theories as well as its application so that the method has been widely applied in a variety of industrial fields
like
railway,petroleum
industry,
aviation,machinery
manufacturing,transportation,architecture,shipbuilding,etc.Finte element method has become one of the most popular and efficient numerial analysis methods in engineering struture analysis.
Users of FEA software are required to master professional knowledge with a lot of time spent on creating and modifying FEA models when applying this software to design and calculate container floor. This article introduces the finite element model for static analysis of software for processing, to improve the analysis efficiency. In this paper, container floor for the application object, Solid Works by the establishment of three-dimensional model, and then with the finite element software and data interfaces into the finite element analysis software ANSYS finite element model to create a floor, static analysis.
By the lack of wood, which is used for container floor, container floor will be divided into two types of laminate materials. The core which is the middle of container floor is a new type of artificial plastic material, while two outside layers are thin plastic of wear-resistant materials. Through the press on the plate bending deformation amount of sample testing, in order to get the actual material elastic modulus, that is, the impact of the floor material can bear a key factor in the size of the load. Through building the solid model in the SolidWorks, and then import ANSYS finite element analysis to bear the load in the plate at the time of stress and displacement resulting from the changes. Through the comparison of different working conditions and a new plastic timber bottom plate and the stress, displacement deformation compared to better optimize the program, and ultimately to achieve with
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李海波 基于有限元分析的集装箱底板研究
the new plastic materials to replace the original wood .
Keywords: container floor, parameterized, optimization design, ANSYS
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李海波 基于有限元分析的集装箱底板研究
目 录
摘 要 ----------------------------------------------------------- - 1 - ABSTRAT ------------------------------------------------------------ II 目 录 -------------------------------------------------------------- IV 第一章 绪论 --------------------------------------------------------- 1 1.1 课题的研究背景和意义 ------------------------------------------ 1 1.2 集装箱底板的历史发展 ------------------------------------------ 1 1.3 本文的主要研究工作 -------------------------------------------- 3 1.4 本章小结 ------------------------------------------------------ 4 第二章 集装箱底板有限元分析基础理论 --------------------------------- 5 2.1 有限元法概述 -------------------------------------------------- 5 2.2 ANSYS软件简介 ------------------------------------------------ 9 2.2.1 ANSYS软件的主要技术特点 --------------------------------- 10 2.2.2 ANSYS软件的基本求解步骤 --------------------------------- 11 2.3 本章小结 ----------------------------------------------------- 11 第三章 集装箱底板结构有限元建模技术研究 ---------------------------- 12 3.1 集装箱底板有限元模型的建立 ----------------------------------- 12 3.1.1 单元选择 ------------------------------------------------- 13 3.1.2网格划分 -------------------------------------------------- 13 3.1.3 材料属性 ------------------------------------------------- 13 3.1.4 建立模型 ------------------------------------------------- 13 3.2 本章小结 ----------------------------------------------------- 14 第四章 集装箱底板静态分析 ------------------------------------------ 15 4.1 塑料底板材料弹性模量测试 ------------------------------------- 15 4.1.1 测试原理 ------------------------------------------------- 15 4.1.2 弹性模量计算 --------------------------------------------- 15 4.1.3 最大应力计算 --------------------------------------------- 16 4.1.4 测试仪器设备 --------------------------------------------- 16 4.1.5 材料弹性模量测试数据 ------------------------------------- 16 4.2 材料承受弯曲最大应力测试 ------------------------------------- 17 4.3 塑料底板结构破坏测试 ----------------------------------------- 18 4.4塑料底板支架系统有限元分析 ----------------------------------- 19 4.4.1 塑料底板沿集装箱宽度方向布置 ----------------------------- 19 4.4.2 塑料底板沿集装箱长度方向布置 ------------------------- - 24 - 4.5 本章小结 ------------------------------------------------- - 30 - 第五章 基于有限元分析的集装箱底板优化设计 --------------------- - 32 - 5.1 优化方案设计 --------------------------------------------- - 32 - 5.1.1 方案设计原理 ----------------------------------------- - 32 -
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