牛津译林英语8年级上册 Unit7 语法专题七：verbs & sentence structures
一、语法知识要点： 1. 句子各个成分的术语 S----Subject主语 V----Verb 谓语动词
DO----Direct object 直接宾语 P----Predicative 表语
IO----Indirect object 间接宾语
OC----Object complement 宾语补足语 2 主语的句型结构 1) S+V The swan is swimming. 2) S+V+DO Sandy is watching a bird. 3) S+V+P Birdwatching is interesting. 4) S+V+IO+DO Sandy gave the doves some food. 5) S+V+DO+OC Sandy calls her parrot Chatty.
二．重要句型结构精讲 A 主语（s) + 谓语 (V)
1 画出下列句子中的主语与谓语; 1 The temprature drops. 2 The birds can dance. 3 We are going to swim. 4 The sparrow is flying.
注意：谓语动词有自己的时态，也可以与情态动词一起，以上句子中的动词皆为不及物动词。
B 主语（s) + 谓语 (V) + 宾语（O)
1 画出下列句子中的主语、谓语与宾语; 1.The baby pandas drink milk.
2.The students are counting the birds.
3 The government built the nature reserve. 注意：以上句子中的动词皆为及物动词。
C S（主语）+V（系动词）+P （表语） 1） 系动词
a. 表示“判断”：be （am, is, are, was, were）
b. “变得”“成为”become, get, grow, turn, go, come c. 保持某一状态 keep, stay, remain d. 感官 look, feel, smell, sound, taste f. 看起来appear, seem, look
2）巩固练习：画出下列句子中的主语与表语; The man is in the park. He looks kind. He is a kind man. The singing of birds sounds beautiful. The trees turn green . The crane looks beautiful.
D S（主语）+V（谓语）+IO（间接宾语）+DO（直接宾语）
1) 常与to 连用的动词有：bring; hand; offer; pay; read; send; take; tell; give; lend; pass; post; sell; show; teach; write...
2) 常与for 连用的动词有：bring; buy; find; leave; order; save; build; cook; get; make; pick... 转换下面的句子，使其句意不变。
The reserve gives wildlife an ideal home.____________________________ He teaches us English.____________________________ I bought my father a present.____________________________
Their parents brought them some books. ____________________________ They passed us some apples.____________________________ The shopkeeper sold me a ruler.____________________________ I gave my friend some fish.____________________________ My mother made me a cake.____________________________
E S+V+DO+OC: 主+谓+直宾+宾补 此类动词有：
1）find , think, make, name, call, keep? 2）tell , ask, want, would like, wish, 3）let, hear, see, make? 例如：
We will make our country stronger and stronger. They can keep the zoo clean. Parents wish their children to study hard. My mother tells me to study hard. We often ask the teachers to help us. We name the panda Xiwang. The teacher often makes us laugh. People call Zhalong Bird’s Home.
I found the article on wildlife interesting. The birdwatcher thought himself very lucky.
三、综合巩固练习 1 选择题
1 Millie is sleeping. The sentence structure is ________. A S+V+DO B S+V+P C S+V+IO+DO D S+V 2 He bought a TV. The sentence structure is ________. A S+V+IO+DO B S+V C S+V+DO D S+V+DO+OC
3 I really don’t know how to make a homepage on the Internet now. The sentence structure is ________. A S+V+IO+DO B S+V C S+V+DO D S+V+DO+OC
4 Autumn leaves are falling down. The sentence structure is ________. A S+V+DO B S+V+P C S+V+IO+DO D S+V
5 We heard him sing the same song in his room. The sentence structure is ________. A S+V+DO B S+V+P C S+V+IO+DO D S+V+DO+OC 6“This news made me feel sad.” is a kind of ______structure. A S+V+O B S+V+DO+OC C S+V+P D S+V+IO+DO 7 -What did you give your mother on her fortieth birthday?
--I gave her some flowers. The sentence structure is_________. A S+V B S+V+IO+DO C S+V+P D S+V+O
8 “It is true.” This sentence’s structure is______. A S+V B S+V+P C S+V+O D S+V+DO+OC
9 “The children are playing in the park now.” belongs to ________. A S+V B S+V+O C S+V+P D S+V+DO+OC
10 “ We found many children kicking balls in the park.” belongs to ______.
A S+V B S+V+O C S+V+DO+OC D S+V+IO+DO 11 I saw Tom______toward me, so I said hello to him.
A to walk B walk C walks D walking
12 They think John the best student. The sentence structure is ________. A S+V B S+V+O C S+V+P D S+V+DO+OC 13 --Will you show me your family photos? --Sure, I will______them here tomorrow.
A take B bring C get D carry 14 Which sentence belongs to “S+V+P”
A Some of them cry. B They are very kind.
C Teenagers have many problems. D They find their Maths teacher funny. Keys: 1-5 DCCDD 6-10 BBBAC 11-12 DDBB
2 写出下列句子结构
1 All the children feel very happy. 2 We call them mooncakes. 3 I like noodles a lot. 4 She looked carefully.
5 The scientist gave us some good advice. 6 The cat makes me happy.
7 I can hear him singing in the next door. 8 She found an article interesting. 9 The flower smells good.
10 My good friend told me a story.
KEYS: 1 S+V+P 2 S+V+DO+OC 3 S+V+O 4 S+V 5 S+V+IO+DO 6 S+V+DO+OC 7 S+V+DO+OC 8 S+V+DO+OC 9 S+V+P 10 S+V+IO+DO
3、按要求改写句子
1 It is cloudy in Nanjing today. (对画线部分提问) _______the weather ________in Nanjing today? 2 I found him a nice room.(改为同义句)
I _______a nice room _______him.
3 I would like black coffee.(对画线部分提问) _______ _______would you like?
4 He lent me his dictionary this morning.
He ______ a dictionary _____________this morning. 5 It rained heavily last night. (改为同义句)
There ______ _______ ________ _________last night. 6 The snow covers the ground.(改为同义句) The ground ______ _______ ________ the snow. 7 What’s the weather like today? (改为同义句) _______ ______the weather today?
Keys: 1 What’s; like 2 found; for 3 What coffee 4 lent; to me 5 There was a heavy rain 6 is covered with 7 How is
4 根据汉语意思完成句子
1 我看到一个男孩在草地上放风筝。
I _______a boy________a kite on the grass. 2 我从安迪那里借了一块橡皮。 I _______a _______ _______Andy.
3 外面下雨了，但是我和哥哥在家里玩得很开心。
It is ______outside, but I _______ _______my brother happily at home. 4 杰克感冒很严重，所以他必须去看医生。
Jack _______ _______ _______ ________, so he must go to see the doctor. 5 乌云密布，太阳都被遮起来了。
The ______became ___________and they _______ _______ ________.
Keys: 1 saw; flying 2 borrowed; rubber from 3 raining; play with 4 caught a bad cold 5 clouds; dark; covered the sun.