Lesson 21 Mad or not?
★mad adj. 发疯 sb. is mad
“为??而疯狂（着迷）”的表示方法： be mad about…
I'm mad about English. be crazy about…
go bananas （go+adj. 变得??)
They are going bananas. =go crazy=go mad (变疯了)
★reason n. 原因
for this reason 由于这个理由、原因 For this reason,I was late. as+句子 由于??because+句子 由于?? ★sum n. 量
a sum of +不可数名词 一笔??
a large sum of 大笔的?? a large sum of money 一大笔钱 a great many + 可数名词复数 a great number of + 可数名词复数 plenty of… 足够多的??
★determined adj. 坚定的, 下决心的 be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事 make up one's mind 下定决心 decide to do sth. 决定做??
make a decision to do sth. 决定做?? determine v.下定决心 【课文讲解】
1、Mad or not? = mad or not mad?
or not 在疑问词的后面，表示“是还不是”，选择概念
2、Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad.
drive sb. mad 逼某人发疯 The teacher is slowly driving me mad. 3、I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. night and day 日日夜夜，夜以继日 (注意连读)
passing planes 过往飞机 （passing是现在分词，作定语，起形容词作用，修饰planes，“经过的(路过)，过往的”）
He forgot the man with passing time. 随着时间的消逝，他忘掉了那个人。 sleeping baby 正在睡觉的小孩 waiting car 正在等待的车
4、The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then.
years前面不加确定的数词时，一般表示“许多年”years ago = many years ago，weeks等的用法与它相似
I have not seen him for weeks.
some+可数名词单数 某一?? for some reason 由于某个理由 I’ll tell you someday. 某一天
We’ll talk about it some other time. 我们改日再谈这件事。 5、Last year, however, it came into use.
however 然而（用于句首, 句中, 用逗号隔开） use
① n. 使用
come into use 启用，开始被使用（主动概念，没有被动式） The road came into use last month.
② vt. 使用 be used 被使用（被动）
6、Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. over a hundred… 一百多??
must have been done 过去发生, 表示推测，被动 away from 从某地离开（away 离开某地） 7、I am one of the few people left.
one of… ??之一(表示特指的一群人/一些东西中的一个，后面的名词用复数) One of the girls standing over there is Tim’s sister. You can take one of these bags.
left表示被留下来的，leave 过去分词, left作定语放在被修饰词的后面 left 剩下的??东西， I have a bag left.
There is ten cents left in my pocket. （cent [????] n.(货币单位)分, 分币）
8、Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. knock down 撞倒
offer v. 提供（相当于given）
双宾语的被动语态中，主语有两种可能; 以sb.做主语或以sth.做主语
give sb. sth.——>被动 sb. be given sth. give sth. to sb.——>被动 sth. be given to sb. 双宾语在变被动时用离动词最近的宾语做主语
【Special Difficulties】 Drive的用法
① v. 开车, 驾驶 (drove, driven, driving) drive to… 开车去往某地 I drove to Tianjing yesterday
② vt. 赶，驱赶，围赶（猎物、敌人等） drive sb. away from 把某人赶走 drive sb. out of 把某人赶出去
During the war, many people were driven out of their homes. drive sb. back 撵回去
Our army drove the enemy back. ③ vt. 逼迫，迫使
drive sb. mad 逼疯
The death of all her children has driven her mad.
Home and House
home n. &adv. 家，家庭，家园（着重指所居住的人，常有爱、温暖、舒适、安全等隐含意义，带有感情色彩） I have a sweet home.
house n. 房子，房屋，住宅（指建筑物）
Tom must be somewhere in the house. 汤姆肯定在这屋子里的某个地方。
【Multiple choice questions】
4 It couldn't be used then. It wasn't ___d___ to use it. a. able b. allowed c. impossible d. possible
it+be动词+形容词+to do（翻译时先译 “to” 后面的句子） ??是??的 be able to强调主语能够做某事, 主语必须是人 it+be动词+表语, be allowed 不能充当表语. 如将 “it” 改为 “people(人)” 就A,B都正确
5 Over a hundred people must have been driven away. ___a___ they were. a. I think b. I'm sure c. Certain d. Of course must have been done：对过去的一种被动语态的推测 must have done : 对过去的一种推测 I'm sure 我肯定 I’m sure she is teacher. I think 我认为
of course 当然 ； certain adj. 当然（词性不对, 句子前不应放形容词）
9 I have been offered a large ___a___ of money. a. amount b. number c. some d. piece a large number of +可数名词（不能加不可数名词） an amount of+不可数 一大笔?? some of/plenty of 前面是不加 “a/an”
10 I am determined to stay here. I ___d___ stay here. a. am will to b. want to c. may d. am going to be going to 打算、计划
want to 来自心里的一种想, 喜好，喜欢??
Lesson 22 A glass envelope
★dream v. 做梦, 梦想 ① vt. 做梦，梦见 dream that +从句
I dreamt/dreamed (that) I was in Scotland. ② vi. 做梦，梦见（与of，about连用）
dream on 继续做梦, 痴心妄想(做你的梦去吧!别痴心妄想了!) dream of/about sth. 梦想 I often dream of/about you.
dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事 I dreamed of flying in the sky.
I dreamed of finding the gold. / I dream of being a good teacher. think of 想，考虑，想起
Do you ever think of the girls you met at a party? 你会想起你在一个晚会上遇到的姑娘们吗？ ③ n. 梦；梦想，幻想
have a dream = dream a dream 做了一个梦 Have a good/sweat dream! 祝你做个好梦! Have you heard of the American Dream?
dream boat 梦中情人, 梦寐以求的(物, 人)
daydream 思想开小差，做白日梦 She is daydreaming.
★age n. 年龄
teengager n. 十几岁的人 adolenscent n. 青春期(一般指成年以前由13至15的发育期) ★throw（threw，thrown） v. 扔, 抛 ① vt. 投，扔，抛 Throw the ball to Tom. throw away 扔掉
Shall I throw this old newspaper away? ② 把??对准目标，向??作出举动
George was very happy today. Julie had thrown a smile at him in the morning. The boss threw him an angry look. 【课文讲解】
1、My daughter, Jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in Holland. 同位语 My daughter，Jane
dream of doing sth. 梦想，幻想? …of one's own age 同年龄的?? He is boy of my own age.
receive…from… 从??收到??
2、Last year, we were travelling across the Channel and Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle.
the Channel= the English Channel 英吉利海峡 with可放在句子后面做状语用，也可放在名词后面做定语。这里的“with her name and address on it”用来修饰名词“a piece of paper”。 I have a bag with books in it.(“in it” 不能省略)
3、Both girls write to each other regularly now. write to sb. 给某人写信 write (a letter) to me each other 相互，彼此one another 强调三或三者以上的相互，有时可替代each other
4、Letters will cost a little more, but they will certainly travel faster. cost意为“（使）花费，价钱为??”,其主语通常为某物或某件事情 It costs a lot to buy a house.
sth. cost (sb.) ??花了某人??（钱） The dress cost me twenty pounds. It's a little hotter. It's much hotter.
That is more expensive. （贵一些）
That is a little more expensive. （稍微有点贵） That is much more expensive. （贵得多） 【Key structures】
跟of, from, in和on的动词
动词+介词的固定短语通常可分开使用，可以有自己的宾语，并且大部分都可用于被动结构： 1、后接of的动词：accuse of（控告）；approve of（赞成）；assure of（让??放心）；beware of（谨防）；boast of/about（夸耀）, complain of/about（埋怨）；consist of（由??组成）；convince of/about（使信服）；cure of（治愈）；despair of（丧失??希望）；dream of/about（幻想）；expect of/from（期望）；hear of/from（听到??消息）；be/get rid of（摆脱）；smell of（闻到）；suspect of（对??猜疑）；think of/about（思考）；tired of（对??感到厌烦）；warn of/against（警告??有危险）
Someone must warm him of the difficulties. 必须有人提醒他有这些困难。 He has already been warned of them. 他已经被警告过了。 Don’t expect too much of your child.
He must have spoken of the matter to John. I have never heard of the actress.
2、后接from的动词：borrow from（从??借）；defend from/against （保护??使免于）；demand from/of（向??要求）；differ from（有别于）；dismiss from（解雇）；draw from（从??中得出）；emerge from（从??出现）；escape from（从??逃出）；excuse from/for（允许不??）；hinder from（阻止）；prevent from（妨碍）；prohibit from（不准许）；protect from/against（向??提抗议）；receive from（接到）；separate from（把??分开）；suffe from（受难） He has already received money from three aunts. 他已经收到三个姑妈的钱了 He borrowed three books from Mary. He always asked for help from parents. 3、后接in的动词：believe in（信仰）；delight in（喜欢）；employ(ed) in （从事）；encourage in（鼓励）；engage(d) in（正做）；experience(d) in（在??有经验）；fail in（没有尽到）；help in/with（帮助）；include in（包括）；indulge in（沉醉）；instruct in（教导）；interest(ed) in（对??感兴趣）；invest in（投资）；involved in（卷入）；persist in（坚持）；share in（分享） She delights in working hard. 她喜欢努力工作。 He failed in his French test. 他法语考试没有通过。
Jack helped me in driving the sheep home. 杰克帮我把羊赶回家。 Mrs. Turner is experienced in teaching. 特纳夫人很有教学经验。 4、后接on的动词：act on（遵守）；based on（在??基础上）；call on（拜访）；comment on（评论）；concentrate on（集中于）；congratulate on（祝贺）；consult on/about（商量）；count on（依赖）；decide on（决定）；depend on（依靠）；economize on（节约）；embark on（从事）；experiment on（尝试）；insist on（坚持）；lean on/against（倚靠于??）；live on（靠??为