高三阅读理解专项之事实细节题(附答案)
命题分析：2012---2014年新课标卷阅读理解考查项目表 年份 主旨概括 观点意图 细节理解 2012 2013 2014 2015 2 0 0 ？ 1 1 0 ？ 4 9 5 推理判断 7 5 9 ？ 词句猜测 合计 1 0 1 ？ 15 15 15 15 ？ 该题型常见的考查方式有: 1、直接信息题 2、间接信息题 3、数字计算题 4、图表图画题 5、排列顺序题
该题型常见的设问方式有：
According to the passage, When / Where did the story happen? Which of the following statements is (not) correct?
Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? 方法指导:
做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。
注意：
通常正确选项有以下特征：
1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性、时态或语态，或者换成意义相近的词。
2、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。 3、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项 通常干扰项有以下特征：
1、以偏概全---与原句的内容极为相似，但是将原文内容扩大或缩小，把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，把“大约”说成“绝对，肯定”，把抽象说成具体，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。(要留意选项中诸如must, always, never, the most, all, have to, any, no, very, completely, none, hardly, absolutely, only等词)
2、正误并存--信息部分正确，部分错误
3、无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。
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4、偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。
5、所答非所问。选项中的描述与原文完全一致，但和题干无关。 高考真题A 直接信息题
The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers. And it is so easy to join. Simply fill in an application form. You will have to get permission from your parent.
Q: The Winners Club is a bank account intended for________. A．parents B．teenagers C．winners 高真考题B 间接信息题
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How did Mr. Plowright let people knew what doing? Why, he advertising, of course First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers. That sign may have been no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointing to the shop door. It was probably all the information people needed to find Mr. Plowright and his really good plows.
Q:. To advertise his plows, Mr. Plowright_____.
A. praised his plows in public B. placed a sigh outside the shop
C. hung an arrow pointing to the shop D. showed his products to the customers 正确选项为_____依据原文第__句，意思是__________________
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A crier, in the historical sense, is not someone who weeps easily, It is someone, probably a man, with a voice loud enough to be heard over the other noise of a city. In ancient Egypt, shopkeepers might hire such a person to spread the news about their products. Often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with foods. Perhaps the crier described the goods, explained where they came from, and praised their quality. His job was, in other words, not too different from a TV or radio commercial in today’s world.
Q: In ancient Egypt, a crier was probably someone who_____. A. owned a ship B. had the loudest voice C. ran a shop selling goods to farmers
D. functioned like today’s TV or radio commercial
正确选项为_____依据原文第___句，意思是_________________________
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How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you
D．adults
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have something you want to achieve, only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?
Q: In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair? A. They feel puzzled over choices.
B. They hold on to the wrong things.
C. They find it hard to make changed. D. They have to do something for show. 正确选项是_____依据是原文第_____句，意思是_______________ 高考真题C 数字计算题
When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet (图章) ring. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials(姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven.
Then, only one month later, I lost it. I took it off before bed and it was missing in the morning. I searched everywhere for it. But it seemed to have disappeared. And two years later, we sold the house and moved away.
Years passed, one day my mum handed me a small ring box, and I opened it to find my
beautiful signet ring inside. The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. They sent it to my mother. And it still fits me.
57. When she got the ring back, the writer was about _____. A. 13 years old B. 15 years old C. 26 years old D. 28 years old 高考真题D图表题
The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃. The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows…… CALORIES NEEDED PER DAY Baby 750 Child aged 8 2,100 Man over 70 2,100 Woman 3,600 Office worker 2,700 Woman feeding baby 2,700 Boy aged 16 3,000 Farmer 2,600
1) ___ calories are required to raise the temperature of 5kg of water from 35℃to 90℃.
A. 55 B. 175 C. 325 D. 275 2) Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?
A. A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does.
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B. A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does. C. An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does.
D. A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does. 高考真题E 排列顺序题
Back in the fifteenth century, in a tiny village near Nuremberg, lived a family with eighteen children．In spite of the hopeless condition, two of the children, Albrecht Durer and Albert, had a dream．They both wanted to pursue their talent for art．After many long discussions, the two boys finally worked out an agreement．They would toss a coin．The loser would go down into the nearby mines and, with his earnings, support his brother who attended the academy．Then, when that brother who won the toss completed his studies, in four years, he would support the other brother at the academy．
Tossing a coin, Albrecht Durer won and went off to Nuremberg．Albert went down into the dangerous mines and, for the next four years, supported his brother, whose work at the academy was almost an immediate sensation（轰动）．By the time he graduated, he had earned considerable fees for his outstanding works．
When the young artist returned to his village, the Durer family held a festive dinner to celebrate Albrecht’s triumphant（胜利的）homecoming．Albrecht drank a toast to his beloved brother for the years of sacrifice that had enabled him to complete his dream．“And now, Albert, blessed brother of mine, now it is your turn．Now you can go to Nuremberg to look for your dream, and I will take care of you．”
……
To show thanks to Albert for all that he had sacrificed, Albrecht Durer painstakingly drew his brother’s injured hands with palms together and thin fingers stretched skyward．He called his powerful drawing simply “Hands”, but the entire world almost immediately opened their hearts to his great masterpiece and renamed it “The Praying Hands”．
Q： Which of the following is the correct order of the story？ a．Albrecht went to Nuremberg． b．Albert supported his brother．
c．The Durer family held a festive dinner． d．Albrecht drew his brother’s injured hands． e．The brothers tossed a coin． A．b, a, c, d, e B．a, e, c, d, b
C．e, a, c, b, d
D．e, a, b, c, d
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答案
高考真题A 直接信息题: A 高真考题B间接信息题: BDA 高考真题C: 数字计算题 D 高考真题D: 图表题:1)D 2)C 高考真题E : 排列顺序题D
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