托福培训丨托福综合口语Task 6满分攻略
新托福口语第六题Task6向来是让考生们感到头疼的一项任务。它的话题范围广、话题难度深、材料时间长、说话者语速快等这一系列因素，都是考生在第六题拿高分道路上的拦路虎。当然，我们考生自身欠缺的一些能力也是导致在第六题难拿高分的一大因素。许多考生可以在Academic Course Content这一部分，也就是Task4和Task6两道题拿到”Fair”这一等级，也就是说原始分值为2.5-3分之间，转换到最终分数大概是19-23之间。但是这个分数对许多考生来说远远不够，甚至过低。如果你的目标是100+, 105+, 甚至是110+, 那么你的目标应该是在这一部分拿到”Good”这一等级，也就是原始分值3.5-4, 换算分值27-30分。所以今天，朗阁托福培训中心口语组的专家就为大家来一一剖析第六题难拿高分的具体原因，以及针对各个原因给考生们奉献最直接、最有效、最简单的满分攻略。
首先，让我们来看一看导致考生在Task6难拿高分的三大原因： ? 教授讲课重点模糊 ? 考生话题词汇不足 ? 考生细节记录不足
下面我们来逐一分析一下这三个原因。
原因一：教授讲课重点模糊
大部分的听力材料中，教授讲课的顺序都是比较固定且有较明确的思路顺序的，也就是一个主题+两个要点+要点解释及举例。而且，教授在讲课时会运用一些连接词帮助我们定位和记录要点。但是，一旦教授的讲课不再按照我们已经形成的固有思维来展开，那么考生多半会慌乱且手足无措。
我们先来看一下有明确讲课重点和讲课重点模糊的两段材料的对比：
TPO14
A lot of plants and animals live near the surface of the ocean, and that means there’s a lot of food near the surface, because there are lots of plants and animals to eat. But if you go down to the deepest parts of the ocean, it’s cold and dark, and there’s not a lot of living down there, so food is very scarce. So organisms that live down at these great depths have developed special adaptations to help them survive in this environment where food is so hard to find.
For example,many deep-sea organisms have body features that enable them to eat prey that are larger than themselves. A good example, um, there’s a species of eel that has an enormous mouth and a large stomach that’s capable of expanding. And these unusual features allow this eel to eat prey larger than itself. That’s a big advantage because if the eel eats something big, that’s a lot of food, a lot of nutrition. So the eel can go for quite a while before it has to find food again.
Another helpful adaptationin some deep-sea organisms is the ability to generate light. And some organisms use that light to help them capture food. For example, there’s a kind of fish called the angler fish. And on its head, this fish has a little structure that produces light that glows in the dark. This little structure, this little light, is positioned close to the fish’s mouth. Other fish are attracted to this light, they think it’s something small they can eat, so they swim straight toward it. And that brings them close enough for the angler fish to capture them and eat them.
很明显，本段材料遵循典型的教授讲课套路，即一个主旨“organisms that live down at these great depths have developed special adaptations to help them survive”, 两个points分别是：“many deep-sea organisms have body features that enable them to eat prey that are larger than themselves”和“the ability to generate light”, 而且非常明显的是两个要点分别用了连接词“For example”和“Another helpful
adaptation”来帮助考生定位。再继续往下听，我们又听到了表示举例的连接词“A good example”和“For example”, 这就更明确地告诉我们两个例子要出现了，提醒考生们仔细听、注意记录。所以这样的听力材料是非常好定位，能够让考生清晰地get到重点的。
我们再来看一段没有明确讲课重点的材料。
TPO17
Now let’s talk about a particular cultural process: diffusion. Since the beginning of human history, diverse cultures have taken advantage of one another’s innovations when they’ve come into contact. Diffusion is the process whereby something cultural…like a custom, a type of food or an invention is spread from one group to another, or from one society to another. One group adopts a cultural item, or, more selectively, just part of a cultural item of another group, you see?
Now diffusion can occur through a variety of ways: military conquest or tourism or even something like the influence of satellite TV shows around the world. For example, take something like reading a modern newspaper here in the US. Have you ever thought about where the letters, the characters on the page you’re reading, where they came from? They were borrowed from another culture many centuries ago. Then, the printing of the words, well, that process was invented in Germany, and finally, the paper itself, the paper was invented in China. These innovations from all over the world were shared across cultures over time, and so today we have newspapers in the US. So the process of diffusion might take place over long distances and over long periods of time.
Now I’m not saying that diffusion happens easily, as I mentioned, sometimes it’s selective. For instance, many people in the US have accepted the practice of acupuncture. The Chinese practice of using needles to cure disease or relieve pain. So, lots of people in the US have realized that acupuncture is effective, but few of them fully understand or have committed themselves to the philosophy