Cloisonné ........................................................................................................................................... 2
Brief introduction .............................................................................................................. 2 Development ..................................................................................................................... 2 Examples ........................................................................................................................... 2 Pictures .............................................................................................................................. 3
New Year pictures ............................................................................................................................. 4
Brief introduction .............................................................................................................. 4 Development ..................................................................................................................... 4 Production Method ........................................................................................................... 4 Theme ............................................................................................................................... 4 Pictures .............................................................................................................................. 5
Papercutting ...................................................................................................................................... 6
Brief introduction .............................................................................................................. 6 Development ..................................................................................................................... 6 Classification ..................................................................................................................... 6 Pictures .............................................................................................................................. 6
Embroidery ........................................................................................................................................ 8
Brief introduction .............................................................................................................. 8 Origin ................................................................................................................................. 8 Materials ........................................................................................................................... 8 Machine ............................................................................................................................ 8 Pictures .............................................................................................................................. 9
Shadow play .................................................................................................................................... 10
Brief introduction ............................................................................................................ 10 Development ................................................................................................................... 10 Terminology ..................................................................................................................... 10 Pictures ............................................................................................................................ 11
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Cloisonné
Brief introduction
Cloisonné is an ancient technique for decorating metalwork objects, in recent centuries using vitreous enamel, and in older periods also inlays of cut gemstones, glass, and other materials. The resulting objects can also be called cloisonné. The decoration is formed by first adding compartments (cloisons in French) to the metal object by soldering or affixing silver or gold wires or thin strips placed on their edges. These remain visible in the finished piece, separating the different compartments of the enamel or inlays, which are often of several colors. Cloisonné enamel objects are worked on with enamel powder made into a paste, which then needs to be fired in a kiln.
Development
The technique was in ancient times mostly used for jewellery and small fittings for clothes, weapons or similar small objects decorated with geometric or schematic designs, with thick cloison walls. In the Byzantine Empire techniques using thinner wires were developed to allow more pictorial images to be produced, mostly used for religious images and jewellery, and by then always using enamel. By the 14th century this enamel technique had spread to China, where it was soon used for much larger vessels such as bowls and vases; the technique remains common in China to the present day, and cloisonné enamel objects using Chinese-derived styles were produced in the West from the 18th century.
Examples
Enamel
The 8th-century Irish Ardagh Chalice
The Alfred Jewel, a 9th-century Anglo-Saxon ornament
The Khakhuli triptych, a large gold altarpiece with over 100 Georgian and Byzantine plaques, dating from the 8th to 12th centuries, said to be the largest enamelled work of art in the world. the eyes of the 10th century Golden Madonna of Essen
The 12th century Mosan Stavelot Triptych, combining cloisonné and champlevé work.
Gems and glass
The Pectoral of Tutankhamun, (image), and several others.
The 5th century grave goods of Childeric I, last pagan king of the Franks, died c. 481 The 5th-century Germanic Treasure of Pouan
The 6th-century Merovingian Treasure of Gourdon
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Pictures
Ming Dynasty cloisonné enamel bowl, using nine colors of enamel.
Chinese cloisonné enamel incense burner, 17th-18th centuries
Adding frit with dropper after sintering cloisons. Upon completion the piece will be fired, then ground (repeating as necessary) then polished and electroplated
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New Year pictures
Brief introduction
A New Year Picture is a popular Banhua in China. It is a form of Chinese colored woodblock print, for decoration during the Chinese New Year Holiday, then later used to depict current events.
Development
Its original form was a picture of a door god fashioned during the Tang dynasty. Later, more subjects, such as fairs, the Kitchen God, women and babies were included. Customarily, as each Chinese New Year arrives, every family replaces its New Year picture in order to \the Past and welcome the Future\
In the 19th century Nianhua were mass-produced and displayed for those who could not read. They often depicted the Chinese point of view of events.
The scenes sometimes were used to create patriotic sentiment. Many Nianhua were produced during the Boxer Rebellion depicting the Muslim Kansu Brave forces of General Dong Fuxiang, showing them as victorious over the Eight Nation Alliance of the western powers and Japan.
As times changed, people, especially those in cities, were influenced by modern arts to see New Year Pictures as traditional and staid. Moreover, people considered the door god was too menacing to hang in their homes. They wanted something more artistic. At the middle of the 1980s, the sales amount of New Year Pictures in Mianzhu was around five hundred thousand. However, the number dropped sharply since the early 1990s.
Production Method
Production method: hand draws pictures, wood printing, watermarks trapping, Half-drawing and half-painting, lithography, offset printing and so on.
Usually, Chromatic woodblock New Year pictures have four steps: Firstly, artist draw rough sketch on the paper
Secondly, carving the rough sketch on the wood board and print few sample
Thirdly, add color on the sample and carving couple color meme for each part of color on the sample. (Usually no more than 5 color)
Finally, when the preparation is complete. The printer paint color on the color board before carved, then put paper on the wood board and use brush to flat brush the paper. Then the Chromatic woodblock New Year picture is complete.
Theme
New Year picture's content can have many things and that is more than 2000 different. But
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roughly the New Year pictures have four main memes. 1. The gods and mascot 2. The secular life
3. The baby and beauty 4. The story and myth
Pictures
New Year picture of Qing Dynasty
Chang'e Flying to the Moon.Wu Shaoyun. 1950.
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