文章结构：
本文就一项关于学生家庭作业的教育政策展开论述。
第一段：提出了人们对家庭作业的一般观点， 并给出了话题，即洛杉矶校区关于家庭作业方面的规定。
第二段：提出论点， 即该规定不够明确并相互矛盾， 并具体就贫困学生的情况指出弊病。
第三段: 指出该规定没有考虑到家庭作业对学生学业成绩的作用 而是简单地“一刀切”。
第四段：指出该规定没有解决家庭作业的真正棘手问题， 也没有考虑到学生年龄、科目和教师批改方面的具体情况。
第五段：提出解决方法， 即应该停止执行这种规定并征询大众意见。
试题分析：
21. It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework____.
[A] is receiving more criticism [B]is no longer an educational ritual [C]is not required for advanced courses [D]is gaining more preferences
根据信号词nowadays 和homework ， 回文定位到第1 段第一句..Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even many parents, but in recently years it has been particularly scorned, 注意到but 后面的particularly scorned, 是receiving more criticism的同义转述， 答案为（A ）
22. L.A.Unified has made the rule about homework mainly because poor students_____.
[A] tend to have moderate expectations for their education [B]have asked for a different educational standard [C]may have problems finishing their homework [D]have voiced their complaints about homework
这是原因推断题。 根据信号词 L.A.Unified和made the rule about homework， 回文定位到第 1 段尾句.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy， 但没有提到原因， 继续往第二段找， 发现首句This rule is meant to address the difficulty that students from impoverished or chaotic homes might have in completing their homework. 注意到代词this, 后面必定是题眼, because 是be meant to 的同义转述， 答案为（C）
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23. According to Paragraph 3?one problem with the policy is that it may____.
[A]discourage students from doing homework
[B]result in students? indifference to their report cards [C]undermine the authority of state tests
[D]restrict teachers? power in education
根据信号词one problem with the policy， 回文定位到第 三段第二句， 注意到 是 But with homework counting for no more than 10% of their grades, students can easily skip half their homework and see very little difference on their report cards. 选项[A]discourage students from doing homework是划线部分的同义转述， 答案为（A）
24. As mentioned in Paragraph 4 a key question unanswered about homework is_____.
[A] it should be eliminated
[B] it counts much in schooling [C] it places extra burdens on teachers [D] it is important for grades
根据信号词a key question unanswered about homework ， 回文定位到第 4 段首句 the policy addresses none of the truly thorny questions about homework.， 注意到 是信号词unanswered about homework= address none; 但题目询问的是具体的一个未解决问题是什么， 在接下来的第三句话中， 第一句f the district finds homework to be unimportant to its students? academic achievement, 与第二句If homework matters....说的是同一个问题。 答案为（D）
25. A suitable title for this Passage could be____.
[A] wrong Interpretations of an Educational Policy
[B] A Welcomed Policy for Poor Students [C] Thorny Questions about Homework [D] A Faulty Approach to Homework
篇章主旨题需要关注首尾段中心句或各段落首句， 从整体上把握文章。 手段中心句Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandates that....可知下文探讨的是“一项有关应对家庭作业的错误政策”； 在根据尾段中心句he homework rules should be put on hold while the shool board”可进一步确认本文主要讲的是“一项关于家庭作业政策的错误”， 这种首尾段中心句的呼应恰恰说明它们是主旨题的“题眼”， 正确答案为（ D ）
Passage Two
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生词释义 1.adult women: 成年女性
2. be obsessed with/by sth: （略含贬义） 过度关注; 一心想着
* A lot of young girls are obsessed by their weight.很多女孩子对体重过度关注。 * Jody's been obsessed with some lifeguard for months.朱迪一个月来一直对某个警卫耿耿于怀。
3. pervasive 遍布的， 弥漫的
* the pervasive influence of television电视无处不在的影响 * the all-pervasive mood of apathy到处弥漫着漠不关心的情绪 动词原形： to pervade: (感情， 想法或气味）弥漫着
* A spirit of hopelessness pervaded the country. 一种无助的情绪弥漫着整个国家。
4. intrinsically： 从本质上来讲
5. a tiny slice of the rainbow：一小抹彩虹
6. to celebrate: 1） 庆祝 2） （文中含义） 歌颂， 颂扬 to celebrate girlhood： 赞扬少女时代 7. in one way: 在某方面 8. to fuse: 融合
to fuse girls? identity to appearance 把女孩的身份融合到外表中 9. to present: (动词) 呈现
* to present that connection: 呈现那种关联 10. to despair at sth: 对sth很绝望
11. singular： （形容词） 1）单数的 * If the subject is singular, use a singular verb.如果主语是单数的， 使用单数动词。
2） （文中含义）显著的， 明显的 * He showed a singular lack of tact in the way he handled the situation.在处理问题时候，他显得明显缺乏技巧。 * a singular achievement： 突出的成就
Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls? lives. It is not that pink is intrinsically bad, but it is such a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fuses girls? identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, I despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls? lives and interests. 穿粉红色衣服漂亮： 成年女性已不记得自己对这种颜色的迷恋， 但它在年轻女孩的生活中很盛行。 倒不是说粉红色本身有什么不好， 而是它仅仅是五颜六色彩虹的一小部分。 尽管它能在某方面
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烘托少女的特质， 但它也会反复强化女孩身份与外貌之间的联系。 粉红色可以呈现出少女之间， 甚至是两岁女孩儿之间的共性： 纯真， 而粉红色自身即是纯真的证明。 环顾四周， 我绝望地发现女孩的生活和兴趣格外缺乏想象力。
12. unavoidable: 不可避免的
13. to encode： （及物动词） 把….编码
* Pink seems to be encoded in girls? DNA. 粉色似乎被编码在女孩的DNA中。
14. be color-coded: 有色标的， 有色码对应的
* Children are not color-coded at all. 孩子是不标注对应色码的。（意思是指男女还没有天生是和某种颜色联系在一起的。） 15. as a practical matter: 实际上
16. gender-neutral dress： 不分性别的裙子 17. to introduce: 引进 （重要词汇）
18. masculine: 男性的， 男子汉气概的 masculinity (名词) feminine: 女性的， 女性气质的 femininity ( 名词) 19. pastel： （形容词） 柔和的， 淡的 20. version: 式样， 版本
* Pink is a pastel version of red. 粉色是红色的柔和版。
21. intimation: 1）暗示 * the first intimations of the approaching conflict 冲突来临的第一次暗示 2）宣告， 告知
* Without early intimation of the dates of the training sessions, enthusiasm for training could decrease.没有早点告知培训课程的日期， 大家培训的热情可能会降低。
22. Virgin Mary: 圣母玛丽亚 23. constancy: 恒久不变， 坚贞 24. to amplify: 增强， 放大 25. marketing strategy: 营销策略
26. to come into its own: 形成， 取得成功 27. inherently: 天性地， 固有地
28. to define: （动词）1） （文中含义） 定义
* A budget is defined as ?a plan of action expressed in money terms'. 预算被定义为“从金钱的角度表达一个行动计划”。
* Define precisely what you mean by 'crime'. 准确地定义你所指的“犯罪”。 2） 描述
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Girls? attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it is not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century, in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What?s more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolized femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s,when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children?s marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years. 粉红色对女孩的诱惑似乎是不可避免的， 不知怎么着成了她们DNA编码的一部分， 但根据美国研究副教授Jo Paoletti的观点， 事实并非如此。 在20世纪初以前， 孩子的衣服是不标注对应色码的： 在家用洗衣机问世之前的时代， 婴儿实际上都穿白色， 因为洗尽衣服的唯一方式是煮烫。 此外， 不管男孩女孩都穿人们认为属中性颜色的衣服。 在托儿所引入色彩概念后， 粉红色实际上被认为是一种更具男性特征的颜色， 比红色更柔和， 让人联想到力量。 蓝色会让人想到圣母玛丽亚， 代表着坚贞和忠贞， 是女性的标志。20世纪80年代中期， 强调年龄与性别差异开始成为儿童服装市场的主导策略， 直到这时粉红色才盛行起来， 开始对女孩产生一种看似固有的吸引力， 这让粉红色成为了定义女性特征的一个元素， 至少在最初的关键几年里是这样。
29. profound: (形容词）深刻的
profoundly: 深刻地
30. to dictate: 1） 口授 *She's dictating a letter to her secretary right now.刚才她向她秘书口授了一封信。
2）（文中含义）支配, 决定=to determine
* Funds dictate what we can do.资金决定着我们能做的事情。 # dictate that
*The laws of physics dictate that what goes up must come down.物理学原理决定着向上的东西必然会向下去。
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