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毕业设计(论文)
题 目： 基于单片机的脉搏测量仪的研究与设计
I
摘 要
在传统的医疗检测中，脉象检测一直都起着非常重要的作用，人体的脉象包含着大量的人体的生理和病理方面的信息。脉诊一直是医生诊断疾病的重要手段之一，但受人为因素的影响很大。经医学观察研究表明，人体手指末端含有丰富的毛细血管和小动脉，这些动脉和人体其他地方的动脉一样，含有丰富的生理信息。由于光电脉搏检测技术具有很高的绝缘性，且抗电磁等干扰能力强，可以对人体进行无损伤检测。本文设计通过光电法对人体指尖的脉搏进行测量，并将测量信息送入单片机进行处理，最后通过数码管将测量结果显示出来。将对脉搏信号的检测模块，脉搏信息的处理模块，单片机，数码管显示模块等电路集成在一块电路板上，形成一个简易的脉搏测量仪。这种测量仪具有精确度高，体积小，价格便宜，易于操作等特点，特别适合于个人使用和家庭使用，给我们的生活带来极大方便，让我们第一时间对自己的身体状况有进一步的了解。
关键词：脉搏；光电传感器；单片机；数码管
Abstract
In the traditional medical testing，the pulse condition detection playing a very important role．The pulse condition of the body contains a large number of physiology information and pathology information，the pulse examination being one of the important means for the doctor to diagnosis the illness．But the man-made factors influence it very much，the medical observation research shows． The end of the finger contains rich capillaries and small arteries．These arteries and the other arteries of the body ．The Photoelectric pulse detecting technology can test the body without damage owing to its and strong ability to resist the electromagnetic interference．This design in the text can survey the pulse of the finger tip through photoelectric method and transport the information to the microcontroller to do with it．At last，the result is showed by the digital tube． When the electric circuit such as the detection module of the pulse signal，the processing module of the pulse information，SCM，digital tube are integrated in the board of electric circuit，it formed an simple pulse measuring instrument，this instrument ．
Key words: Pulse；Photoelectric transducer；SCM；Digital tube
目 录
摘要 .......................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 Abstract .................................................................................................................................... II
第1章 绪论 ............................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 研究的目的和意义 ................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外的研究现状 ................................................................................................... 2 1.3 设计内容 ................................................................................................................... 3 第2章 课题方案论证 ............................................................................................................ 4
2.1 采用压电式脉搏传感器 ........................................................................................... 4 2.2 采用光电式脉搏传感器 ........................................................................................... 5 2.3 方案确定 ................................................................................................................... 6 第3章 硬件电路设计 ............................................................................................................ 7
3.1 元器件介绍 ............................................................................................................... 7
3.1.1 AT89C2051单片机 ....................................................................................... 7 3.1.2 LM324简介 .................................................................................................. 9 3.1.3 7809和7805简介 ....................................................................................... 10 3.2 整体电路分析 ............................................................................................................ 11
3.2.1 脉搏信号采集电路 ...................................................................................... 12 3.2.2 脉搏信号处理电路 ...................................................................................... 13 3.2.3 单片机控制显示电路 .................................................................................. 15
第4章 软件设计 .................................................................................................................... 18
4.1 系统总体软件流程 ................................................................................................. 18 4.2 整体程序设计 ......................................................................................................... 18 第5章 软件仿真与系统实物 ................................................................................................ 21
5.1 Keil编译软件 ......................................................................................................... 21 5.2 Protues软件仿真 ................................................................................................... 25
5.2.1 Protues软件简介 ........................................................................................ 25 5.2.2 电路仿真 ...................................................................................................... 26 5.3 PCB板生成 ............................................................................................................ 28
5.3.1 Protel DXP 2004软件简介 ........................................................................ 28 5.3.2 PCB板生成过程 ......................................................................................... 30 5.4 脉搏测量仪实物设计 ............................................................................................. 30 结论 .......................................................................................................................................... 33 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................. 34 附录1 ..................................................................................................................................... 36 附录2 ..................................................................................................................................... 37 致谢 .......................................................................................................................................... 40