初一英语暑假专题：介词总结仁爱版
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
暑假专题：介词总结
二、重难点内容：
介词的使用
三、具体内容：
介词用法口诀：
早、午、晚要用in，at 黎明、午夜、点与分。 年、月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。
将来时态in...以后，小处at 大处in。有形with 无形by， 语言、单位、材料in。特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。 介词at 和to 表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。
日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，收音、农场、值日on，
关于、基础、靠、著论。着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。特定时日和“一……就”，on 后常接动名词。
年、月、日加早、午、晚，of 之前on 代in。
步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab出租马车，出租汽车，carriage(四轮)马车 则用in。 at 山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。 工具、和、同随with， 具有、独立、就、原因。就……来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man。
this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。
over、under正上下，above、below 则不然，若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。 beyond 超出、无、不能，against 靠着，对与反。
besides，except 分内外，among 之内along 沿。同类比较except，加for 异类记心间。原状because of、owing to有负于，受恩于；应归功于 (to)、due to应归于；起因于……，由于 (to) 表语形容词
under后接修、建中，of、from 物、化分。 before、after 表一点, ago、later 表一段。 before 能接完成时，ago 过去极有限。 since 以来during 间，since 时态多变换。 与之相比beside，除了last but one。
复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。快到、对、向towards， 工、学、军、城、北、上、南。
but for 否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。
ing 型由于鉴，除了除外与包含。之后、关于、在……方面，有关介词须记全。 in 内to 外表位置，山、水、国界to 在前。 如大体掌握如上介词用法口诀，就不易出错。
下面对该口诀分别举例帮助你理解消化。 早、午、晚要用in
例：in the morning 在早上in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上in the day 在白天
at 黎明、午、夜、点与分 例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候
at noon 在中午 at night 在夜间 at midnight 在午夜 以上短语都不用冠词 at six o’clock 在6点钟 at 7：30 (seven thirty) 在7点半 at half past eleven 在11 点半 at nine fifteen 在9点15 分 at ten thirty a.m. 在上午10 点30
seven to five 5点差7 分(半小时以上) five minutes after two 2点过5 分 at a quarter to two 1点45 分
at the weekend 在周末 年、月、年月、季节、周即在“来年”，在“某月”，在“某年某月” (但在某年某月某日则用on)，在四季，在第几周等都要用in。例：in 1986 在1986 年
in 1927 在1927 年 in April 在四月 in March 在三月in December 1986 1986 年12 月 in July l983 1983年7月
in spring 在春季in summer 在夏季 in autumn 在秋季in winter 在冬季
in the first week of this semester 这学期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周 阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in，
即在阳光下，在灯下，在树阴下，穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in。例：Don’t read in dim light. 切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。
They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light. 他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。 They are sitting in the shade of a tree. 他们坐在树阴下乘凉。 a prisoner in irons 带着镣铐的囚犯
He went in the rain to meet me at the station. 他冒雨到车站去接我。
The poor dressed (clothed) in rags（破布） in old society. 旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛。 以及：in the bright sunlight 在明亮的阳光下
a merchant商人 in disguise n. 假面目,假装v. 假装. 乔装的商人
the woman in white (black, red, yellow) 穿着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女
in uniform 穿着制服 in mourning悲痛 穿着丧服in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋 in his shirt sleeves（袖子） 穿着衬衫
将来时态in...以后
例: They will come back in 10 days. 他们将在10天以后回来。 I’ll come round in a day or two. 我一两天就回来。 We’ll be back in no time. 我们一会儿就回来。
Come and see me in two days’ time. 两天后来看我。(从现在开始) after... (从过去开始) 小处at 大处in
Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well. Don’t worry. 李和我平安地例：
到达黑山县，一切很好，勿念。
I live in a great city (big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village. 我住在大城市，我姐姐住在一个小城镇，而我的父母则住在农村。
I’m in Liaoning, at Anshan. 我住在辽宁省鞍山市。
有形with 无形by，语言、单位、材料in
例：The workers are paving (铺 (路) (with), 作铺设……之用)a road with stone. 工人们正用石子铺路。(有形)
The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen. 这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。(有形)
“Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy” （n. 战略,策略）is a good opera. <<智取威虎山>>是一出好戏。(无形)
The product is separated（分开）by distillation（蒸馏）into gasoline and gas oil. 这种产品是用蒸馏分离出汽油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法——无形)
I really can’t express my idea in English freely in-deed．我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。(表示某种语言用in)
I wrote a novel in Russian. 我用俄语写了一本小说。(同上)
The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system．公里是米制中最长的长度单位。(表示度、量、衡单位用in )
The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre. 长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。(同上)
This board was cast in bronze not in gold. 这个牌匾是铜铸的，不是金铸的。（特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用in）
特征或状态：例: The Democratic Party was then in power. 那时民主党执政。 They found the patient in a coma. 他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。
He has not been in good health for some years. 他几年来身体一直不好。
Many who came in despair went away in hope. 许多人带着绝望情绪而来，却满怀希望而去。
The house was in ruins（破产）. 这房屋成了废墟。 The poor girl was in tears. 这个贫苦女孩泪流满面。 Her clothes were in rags. 她的衣服穿破了。 His shoes were in holes. 他的鞋穿出窟窿了。 I only said it in fun. 我说这话只是开玩笑的。
She spoke in grief rather than in anger. 与其说她讲得很气愤，不如说她讲得很伤心。
【典型例题】
用所学的介词填空：
1. There are lots _________ birds __________ the tree. 2. _________ the moment the bell rang. 3. Let me help you _________ the box. 4. What’s the weather __________ today?
5. There is a piece _________ bread on the table. Keys: 1. of, in 2. At 3. with 4. like 5. of 6. Do you know the answer _________ the question? 7. My problem is different _________ yours. 8. Thanks _________ telling me.
9. _________ the way, how far is it _________ here? 10. Shall we go _________ a walk ?
Keys: 6. to 7. from 8. for 9. By, from 10. for
11. I’ll wait _________ you _________ the gate. 12. _________ the night we often do some sport. 13. What kind __________ food do you like? 14. _________ the way home I met Miss Wang. 15. Lisa was worried _________ her birthday cake.
Keys: 11. for, at 12. In 13. of 14. On 15. about
【模拟试题】
介词填空：
1. Did you get ready _________ the supper?
2. My sister is _________ hospital, I have to take care __ her. 3. Which is the way _________ the station ? 4. Bobert sits _________ Jim’s left.
5. _________ the end _________ the road there is a shop. 6. Don’t play football _________ the road. 7. The boys are standing _________ line.
8. Mr Liu is _________ a visit _________ England. 9. The boy lives _________ the city _________ Beijing. 10. What’s wrong _________ your watch?
11. The old man drank some milk instead _________ some tea. 12. They looked _________ the school, but saw nobody. 13. Does the old woman live _________ himself? 14. Help yourself _________ some fish.
15. Last year I saw many places _________ interest _________ bike. 16. _________ first the teacher was happy.
17. _________ these words the man left the room.
18. The young man jumped _________ the river _________ once. 19. It was a page _________ Liu Ming’s diary. 20. Show the nice picture _________ me, please.
最近两年很多重点中学，尤其是市重点，都考查英文奥数题。
需要提醒同学们的是，你们不需要完全读懂题目的意思，而是应该根据自己所学的知识猜测题目需要求什么。所涉及到的知识都是比较简单的奥数知识。希望同学们克服害怕的心理，考出好成绩。
1、In 2004, 16 June falls on a Wednesday. On what day of the week will 16 June fall in 2010? 2、In a magic square the sum of the numbers in each row, in each diagonal and in each column are equal. In this magic square the value of x is: . 3、If half of a number is 30, then three-quarters of that number is__________. 4、The sum of the digits of the following product 999×555
5、Three positive integers have a sum of 28. The greatest possible product that these integers can have is___________.
6、Jack was trying to tessellate regular pentagons. He managed the following figure.
The size of angle .a. is__________________.
7、If the area of the shaded region of the regular hexagon in the diagram below is 36 cm2, the area of the whole hexagon in cm2 is___________. 8、In what follows, □ and Δ are different numbers. When 503 is divided by □ the remainder is 20.
When 503 is divided by Δ the remainder is 20.
When 493 is divided by □ × Δ the remainder is___________.
9、A lady, her brother, her son and her daughter (all related by birth) played volleyball. The worst player’s twin (who is one of the four players) and the best player are of opposite ***.
The worst player and the best player are of the same age. Who cannot be the worst player(s)? A) brother only B) daughter only
C) son and daughter only D) lady and daughter only E) lady only 10、If you continue the given number pattern, in what row and in what position in that row will the number 320 be? 1 -------------- row 1 2 3 -------------- row 2 4 5 6 -------------- row 3 7 8 9 10 -------------- row 4
The answers are given in the order of row ; position.
【试题答案】
1.for 2. in, of 3. to 4. on 5. At, of 6. on 7 .in 8. on, to 9.in, of 10 .with 11. of 12. around 13. by 14. to 15. of, by 16. At 17. With 18. into, at 19. from 20. to
1、Wednesday 2、12 3、45 4、27（求数位上的数字之和）5、28=9+9+10，因此答案为810 6、36度 7、108 8、503-20=483 483=3×7×23＝21×23，因此□×Δ＝483，因此此题余数是10. 9、D 10、25，20