实验一: IPV6 的静态路由实验
实验目的:
IPV6是为了解决IPV4地址即将用尽而开发出的一个新的IP地址,虽然他是IPV4 升级版本,但有很多方面都和 IPV4 不同,分为单播、任意播和多播,其中多播地址 的所有结点地址代替了 IPV4 中的广播,而且他们都有自己的地址格式,因此我们要 最简单的静态路由做起。
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实验拓扑: R1 R2 S1
实验内容:
路由器的基本配置:
R1 上:
interface Loopback0 no ip address
ipv6 address 2000:0:0:1::1/64 !
interface Serial1 no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:0:0:2::1/64 clockrate 64000 !
ipv6 unicast-routing
(一定要打这条命令,因为默认情况下 IPV6 路由选择功能是关闭的) !
ipv6 route 2002:0:0:3::/64 2001:0:0:2::2 和 IPV4 一样 只不过变成了 IPV6 格式
R2 上:
interface Loopback0 no ip address
ipv6 address 2002:0:0:3::2/64 !
interface Serial1 no ip address
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ipv6 address 2001:0:0:2::2/64 !
ipv6 unicast-routing !
ipv6 route ::/0 2001:0:0:2::1 (这里用::/0 表示默认静态路由)
R1 上的路由表:用 sh ipv6 route 打开 rack01#sh ipv route
IPv6 Routing Table - 9 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2 ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2 C 2000:0:0:1::/64 [0/0] via ::, Loopback0 L 2000:0:0:1::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Loopback0 C 2001:0:0:2::/64 [0/0] via ::, Serial1
L 2001:0:0:2::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Serial1
S 2002:0:0:3::/64 [1/0] via 2001:0:0:2::2 L FE80::/10 [0/0] via ::, Null0 L FF00::/8 [0/0] via ::, Null0
我们可以看到有一条 S 的路由,是我们写的,他的管理距离是 1,下一条是 R2的 S1 口。
R2 的路由表: rack02#sh ipv route
IPv6 Routing Table - 7 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2 ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2 S ::/0 [1/0]
via 2001:0:0:2::1 C 2001:0:0:2::/64 [0/0]
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via ::, Serial1
L 2001:0:0:2::2/128 [0/0] via ::, Serial1
C 2002:0:0:3::/64 [0/0] via ::, Loopback0 L 2002:0:0:3::2/128 [0/0] via ::, Loopback0 L FE80::/10 [0/0] via ::, Null0 L FF00::/8 [0/0] via ::, Null0
有一条默认静态路由。 来测试一下连通性:
rack01#ping ipv6 2002:0:0:3::2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2002:0:0:3::2, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/31/32 ms
R2 上
rack02#ping ipv6 2000:0:0:1::1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2000:0:0:1::1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/32/32 ms OK!成功了
实验二: IPV6 的静态路由负载均衡
实验目的:
IPV6 的负载和 IPV4 的负载是一样的,都可以在两条链路上走,实现负载。我们 可以通过修改管理距离来把负载的一条链路做成浮动静态路由,方法和 IPV4 的一样 在静态路由后面加上管理距离值。 S1
实验拓扑: R1 R2 E0
实验内容:
路由器的基本配置:
R1 上:
interface Loopback0 no ip address
ipv6 address 2000:0:0:1::1/64 !
interface Serial1 no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:0:0:2::1/64 clockrate 64000 !
interface Ethernet0 no ip address
ipv6 address 2003:0:0:1::1/64 !
ipv6 unicast-routing
(一定要打这条命令,因为默认情况下 IPV6 路由选择功能是关闭的) !
ipv6 route 2002:0:0:3::/64 Ethernet0 2003:0:0:1::2
ipv6 route 2002:0:0:3::/64 Serial1 2001:0:0:2::2 联合接口和下一跳地址一起写 !
R2 上:
interface Loopback0 Page 4 of 39
Page 5 of 39 no ip address
ipv6 address 2002:0:0:3::2/64 !
interface Serial1 no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:0:0:2::2/64 !
interface Ethernet0 no ip address
ipv6 address 2003:0:0:1::2/64 !
ipv6 unicast-routing !
ipv6 route ::/0 Ethernet0 2003:0:0:1::1 联合接口和下一跳一起写的默认路由 ipv6 route ::/0 2001:0:0:2::1
R1 上的路由表:用 sh ipv6 route 打开 rack01# sh ipv route
IPv6 Routing Table - 9 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2 ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2 C 2000:0:0:1::/64 [0/0] via ::, Loopback0 L 2000:0:0:1::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Loopback0 C 2001:0:0:2::/64 [0/0] via ::, Serial1
L 2001:0:0:2::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Serial1
S 2002:0:0:3::/64 [1/0]
via 2001:0:0:2::2, Serial1 via 2003:0:0:1::2, Ethernet0 C 2003:0:0:1::/64 [0/0] via ::, Ethernet0
L 2003:0:0:1::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Ethernet0 L FE80::/10 [0/0] via ::, Null0 L FF00::/8 [0/0]