阜城中学 高三英语组 组题人： 杜献玲 审核人张莉 日期：
名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词 1、主语从句： 种类 关联词 例 句 说 明 连 that That he will come and help you is that在句首不可省certain. 去 词 whether Whether there is life on the moon is an 主语从句中只能interesting question. 用whether不可用if。 主 连who；what What he wants to tell us is not clear. 主语从句放在句 接which; Who will win the match is still 首，句子常显得笨语 代whatever unknown. 重，因此一般 词 从 连when It is known to us how he became a writer. 注意：主语从句通常 接where Where the English evening will be held has 以it 做形主语出现 句 副why not yet been announced. 词 how It was my fault that I had him play football all afternoon. It is important that we should go to the school to talk with the teacher. 用 it 作形式主语的that- 从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that… 有必要…… It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明显…… b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that… 人们相信…… It is known to all that… 从所周知…… It has been decided that… 已决定…… c. It + be +名词+ that-从句
It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事实是…… d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句
It appears that… 似乎…… It happens that… 碰巧…… It occurred to me that… 我突然想起…… 2、宾语从句： 种类 关联词 例 句 说 明 陈 I believe (that) he is honest. that在句中不担任任何述that We must never think (that) we are 成分，在口语或非正式的意 good in everything while others are 文体中常被省去，但如从义 good in nothing. 句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。 宾 疑if Everything depends on whether we whether常与or not连用，问whether have enough money. 不能用if代替。 意I don’t know if (whether) it is 作介词宾语要用whether义 interesting. He doesn’t care if it 不能用if。 isn’t a fine day. 从句是否定句时一般用if引导。 语 特who, whom, Please tell me what you want. 宾语从句作及物动词殊which,whose,She always thinks of how she can 宾语也可做介词的宾语。 疑what, when, work well. 问where, why, She will give whoever needs help a 意how,whoever, warm support. 义 whatever, whichever 从 注1 We must make it clear that anyone 如果宾语从句后面有宾who breaks the law will be 语补足语，则用it作形式punished. 宾语，将从句后置。 句 注2 否 定 转 移 We don’t think you are here. 1) think, believe, imagine, I don’t believe he will do so. suppose expect等动词引I hope you weren't ill. 出的宾语从句，要将从句It doesn't seem that they know 中的否定形式，移动主句where to go. 中。注意：若谓语动词为 It doesn't appear that we'll have a hope, 宾语从句中的否定sunny day tomorrow. 词不能转移。 2) 将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。 阜城中学 高三英语组 组题人： 杜献玲 审核人张莉 日期：
有些不可直接跟宾语从句的动词。
I hate it when…; I dislike it when…; I’d appreciate it if… I will see to it that…
宾语从句注意时态呼应，当主句为过去时时，从句时态一定往前推移，不可出现现在时或现在完成时。
The teacher told us that Tome had left us for America． 3、表语从句： 种类 关联词 例 句 说 明 连that he problem is (that) they can’t get here early 在非正式的文表 词 whether enough. 体中that可以as if It looks as if it’s going to rain. 省去。 语 连who That’s just what I want. 表语从句位 接what The question is who (which of you) will be the 于主句系动词从 代which next speaker. 之后 词 句 连when This is where our problem lies. 接where That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 副why 词 how 注意：需要注意的，主语是 reason时，表语要用that引导而不是because． The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning. 4、同位语从句： 种类 关联词 例 句 说 明 同 由连词The news that he had landed on the moon 同位语从句说明位 that引导，spread all over the world. 其前面的名词的具语 不担任成I have no idea when he will come back home. 体内容，常用的名从 分，也可The thought came to him that Mary had 词如：fact, news, 句 有when, probably fallen ill. idea, hope, how, He must answer the question whether he thought,question, where等agrees to it or not. order, fear, doubt, 引导。 word, proof， belief, story等。 注意：同位语从句注意与定语从句区别，同位语从句对前一名词做补充说明，在从句中无语法位置，而定语从句所修饰词在从句中占一语法位置如：
The idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong．( 同位idea在从句中无位置，而从句只是具体说明idea的内容）。
The idea that you put forward at the meeting is wrong ．(定语从句，idea做put forward
的宾语)。
名词性从句包括四种从句即主语从句、表词从句、宾语从句和同位词从句。名词性从句的特点：that 、who、 whom、 what 、whether及 when、 where引导名词性从句时必须是陈述句词序： 不可省略的连词： 1. 介词后的连词
2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won. whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被 if 所取代： 1.whether 引导主语从句（包括从句在句首的位置）应当用whether，不用if，如： Whether it is true remains a problem. Whether he will come, I am not sure.
2. 引导表语从句用whether，不用if，如： The question is whether you should accept it.
3. whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语，而if 则不能，如： I’m not interested in whether they’ll go or not.
It depends on whether we have got enough money.
4. whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用，而if 则不能，如： I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. She hasn’t decided whether to go or not. 5.引导同位语从句用whether，不用if，如：
The question whether he’ll attend the meeting is essential.
大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可置于句末，用it充当形式主语。 It is not important who will go. 名词性从句典型错误例析
找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：
1. Can you tell me how many students are there in your class? Can you tell me how many students there are in your class? 2. I don't know where has he gone. I don't know where he has gone. 3. The owner of the shop came to see what the matter was. The owner of the shop came to see what was the matter. 规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！
4. We suggested that we would go to the cinema. We suggested that we (should) go to the cinema. 5. My idea is that we must do our homework first.
阜城中学 高三英语组 组题人： 杜献玲 审核人张莉 日期：
My idea is that we (should) do our homework first. 6. His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable. His proposal that we (should) go there on foot…. 规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！ 问题：此类虚拟语气有哪些关键词？ 找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：
7. If we will have a meeting hasn't been decided yet.
Whether we will have a meeting hasn’t been decided yet. 8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it. It depends on whether the weather is …...
9. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting. The question is whether he himself will be present …... 10. He asked me if I could go with him or not.
He asked me whether I could go with him or not. 规律三：4种情况只能用whether ：
（1）位于句子开头； （2）前面有介词； （3）引导表语从句； （4）与or 找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：
1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. That is hard to decide when and where we will hold our sports meeting.
3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time.
4. It doesn’t matter that you will come or not.
规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助 “it” 而后置。
名词从句与定语从句的主要区别
一.成分上的区别：名词从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么样的成分？ 1. How the prisoner escaped remains a mystery. 2. I wonder whether/if he is fit for the job. 3. The problem is who will be equal to the task. 4. He had no idea whether we could overcome the present difficulties or not. 5. I visited the country which/that had been bombed by the US-led NATO (美国为首的北约) a month before．
6. I shall never forget the years when I lived in the countryside with the farmers, which has a great effect on my life.
7. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm., by which time many people have gone home. 8. I had never seen such a good film as I watched last night. 结论一：名词从句充当句子的主要成分；定于从句充当句子的修饰成分。 二. 引导词作用上的区别：
引导词是否指代句中的某个成分？ 1. That he came back made us very happy. 2. I’m sorry (that) I’ve made a mistake. 3. The fact is that his bark is worse than his bite. 4. Word came that he would come to see us all. 5. He made another wonderful discovery, which I think is of great importance to science. 6. Kennedy and Johnson, both of whom were murdered in their terms, once co-worked as president and vice-president．
7. The Oscar is one of the film prizes that have not been offered to any Chinese actor or actress by far．
8. The Oscar is the only one of the film prizes that has not been offered to any Chinese actor or actress by far．
9. The days are gone forever when we used foreign oil. 10. As we all know, China is a developing country. 11. This is the village where my father once lived for several years. 12. 1980, when Chinese government began its reform, is an important year for China. 结论二：定语从句的引导词在语义上具有指代先行词的作用。名词从句的引导词不具备此功能。 三. 关于that:
that 在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？ 1. He pretended (that) he didn’t see me. 2. That she lost her necklace on the way home made her so worried. 3. It is necessary that we should learn a second language. 4. It is said that he works hard at English. 5. The school that\\which my sister studies at is far from here. 6. The first request that he made was to ask for freedom. 7. It was said that that was all that he said. 8. Is this the house that \\which you have bought yourself? 结论三：
名词从句中的 that 只起引导词的作用，无任何意义。
定语从句中的that 在从句中充当主语或宾语，可以与 which 互换。 四．引导词的不同：
不会出现在名词从句中的关系词： as, 且 when, where 等不能与 in/on/at which 互换。
不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：whether, if, what, how
阜城中学 高三英语组 组题人： 杜献玲 审核人张莉 日期：
五．名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系： 1. He has done what he can to help me.
--He has done _______ ________ he can to help me. 2. What I want to say has nothing to do with it.
--______ _______ I want to say has nothing to do with it. 3. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished.
_________ _________ breaks the law is to be punished. 4. He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most.
He will give the dictionary to _________ ________ needs it most. 5. We’ll remember whomever we turned to for help.
We’ll remember _________ __________ we turned to for help. 6. They will do whatever he wants them to do.
They will do ________ _________he wants them to do. 六、其余问题：
1. 误：I don't know if he comes back this month. 正：I don't know if he will come back this month.
2. 误：I have no idea what had happened when I was away. 正：I have no idea what happened when I was away. 3.误：The reason is because he is ill. 正：The reason is that he is ill.
4.误：Who leaves last turns off the light. 正：Whoever leaves last turns off the light. 名词性从句试题集锦
1.I ask her _______ come with me.
A. if she will B. if will she C. whether will she D. will she 2._______ he said is true.
A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether 3.Can you tell me ________? A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 4.He didn't know which room _______.
A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 5.To get the job started, _______ I need is some money.
A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 6.I have no idea _______ far the railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. it's D. that 7.Can you tell me _______ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I can got to D. where can I get to 8.Do you know _______?
A. what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is 9._______ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 10.They have no idea at all ________.
A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone
11.They want to know _________ do to help us.
A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 12.These photographs will show you _______.
A. what our village looks like B. what does our village look like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 13.Can you make sure ________ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 14.No one can be sure ________ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like D. what look man like
15.________ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 16.Go and get your coat. It's ________ you left it.
A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 17.It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for
18._______ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 19. — Do you remember ________ he came? — Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if
20._________ we can't get seems better than _________ we have.
A. What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what 21.________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
22.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 23. — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
阜城中学 高三英语组 组题人： 杜献玲 审核人张莉 日期：
— Is that _________ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where
24. These wild flowers are so special that I would do ________ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 25.________ you don't like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
26.You can't imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited 27.________ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where
28.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _________ I got wet through. A. It's the reason B. That's why C. There's why D. It's how 29.It was a matter of ________ would take the position. A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
30.________ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever 31.It was _______ he said _______ disappointed me. A. what ; that B. that ; that C. what ; what D. that ; what
32.Eat ________ cake you like and leave the others for ________ comes in late. A. any ; who B. every ; whoever C. whichever ; whoever D. either ; whoever 2010年高考英语试题分类汇编
1. We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have we have here and treat food nicely.
A. that B. which C. what D. whether
2. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry.
A. where B. whether C. that D. why
3. As a new graduate, he doesn’t know it takes to start a business here. A. how B. what C. When D. which
4. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. How 5．—How about camping this weekend, just for a change? —OK, you want. A．whichever B．however C．whatever D．whoever 6．It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A．that B．what C．how D．whether
7. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
A. that B. how C. what D. why
8. Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which
9. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know . A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering
10．How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives．
A．what B．who C．how D．why
11. We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture. A. that B. which C. what D. where 12. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.
A. who B. where C. what D. how 13.—Have you finished the book?
---No, I’ve read up to ______the children discover the secret cave. A. which B. what C. that D. where
14. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. —That’s_______I don’t agree .You should have a more active life. A. where B. how C. when D. what
15. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was __ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A. what B. that C. why D. whether 09年高考题汇编
1. _______ makes his shop different is that it offers more personal services. A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever 2. —It’s thirty years since we last met. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _______ we got lost on a rainy night. A. which B. that C. what D. when 3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _______ we did this morning. A. when B. which C. where D. What 4. —Could you do me a favor?
阜城中学 高三英语组 组题人： 杜献玲 审核人张莉 日期：
—It depends on _______ it is. A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever 5. These shoes look very good. I wonder _______. A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost
6. Doris' success lies in the fact _______ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.
A. which B. that C. when D. why 7. Mary wrote an article on _______ the team had failed to win the game. A. why B. what C. who D. that 8. Do you have any idea _______ is actually going on in the classroom? A. that B. what C. as D. which 9. —Why does she always ask you for help? —There is no one else _______, is there?
A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn
10. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _______ it is rough or smooth. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m A. / B. whether C. how D. what
11. Danny left word with my secretary _______ he would call again in the afternoon. A. who B. that C. as D. which 12. Mum is coming. What present _______ for your birthday? A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got 13. The way he did it was different ________ we were used to. A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which
14. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _______ it was 20 years ago, _______ it was so poorly equipped. A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that
15. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ________ a cure for AIDS will be found. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 第二部分：强化题
1. We haven’t settled the question of _______ it is necessary for him to study abroad. A. if B. where C. whether D. that
2. A warm thought suddenly came to me _______I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m A. if B. when C. that D. which
3. There is much chance _______ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
A. that B. which C. until D. if 4. Please remind me _______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. A. where B. when C. how D. what
5. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us. _______ we gave some bells and glasses.
A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which
6. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _______ he was a man of action.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether 7. _______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever 8. I just wonder that makes him so excited. A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is
9. _______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger , more prosperous economy. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
A. As B. That C. This D. It
10. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class _______ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. A. why B. that C. where D. because 11. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _______ he thought was not enough. A. where B. how C. what D. which
12. He noticed that the straight part of the dance was different in the afternoon from _______ it had been in the morning. A. that B. where C. what D. which
13. I’d like to work with _______ is honest and easy to get on with. (2006年山东模拟题) A. who B. whoever C. whomever D. no matter who 14. When you are reading, make a note of _______ you think is of great importance. A. which B. that C. what D. when 15. —Can we get everything ready by the weekend?
—It all depends on _______ we can get Mr. Green’s cooperation. A. that B. what C. whether D. if