第9讲 特殊句式与主谓一致
1．The publication of Great Expectations，which________both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.(2017·江苏，24) A．is B．are C．was D．were 答案 C
解析 考查时态和主谓一致。句意为：《远大前程》这部小说的出版发行受到了广泛评论和高度赞扬，这巩固了狄更斯作为顶尖小说家的地位。空格处与后面的reviewed和praised一起构成定语从句的谓语，根据主句谓语strengthened判断这里用一般过去时；定语从句的关系词which指代主句的“the publication of Great Expectations”，主语核心词是publication，故be动词用was。因此选C。
2．Nowadays，cycling，along with jogging and swimming，________ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.(2017·天津，6) A．regard C．are regarded 答案 B
解析 考查主谓一致和语态。句意为：如今，骑行与慢跑、游泳一起被认为是最全面的运动方式之一。当主语后面接由along with引起的短语时，谓语动词应和主语(cycling)保持一致，排除A、C两项；cycling与regard之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除D项。故选B项。 3．It was when I got back to my apartment ________ I first came across my new neighbors.
(2017·天津，11)
A．who C．which 答案 D
解析 考查强调句型的判定。句意为：正是当我回到公寓时，我第一次偶然遇见了我的新邻居们。强调句的判断方法是将It is/was与that/who去掉，然后看剩余的部分是不是一个成分完整的句子。经判断，“When I got back to my apartment，I first came across my new neighbors.”句子成分完整，由此可断定本句是强调句，并且强调的是时间状语，故空格处应
B．where D．that B．is regarded D．regards
用that。
4．Not until recently ________ the development of tourists-related activities in the rural areas.(2016·江苏，34) A．they had encouraged C．did they encourage 答案 C
解析 考查倒装句。句意为：直到最近他们才鼓励农村地区发展与旅游相关的活动。根据句首的Not until可知，本句要用部分倒装形式，先排除A、D两项；encourage表示的动作已经发生，故用一般过去时。
5．You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel ________ the coach picks up tourists.
(2016·天津，13)
A．who B．which C．where D．that 答案 D
解析 考查强调句型的判定。句意为：你等错地方了。长途公共汽车是在旅馆接的游客。强调句的判断方法是将It is/was与that/who去掉后，句子意思依然清楚，结构依然完整。经判断，“The coach picks up tourists at the hotel.”句子成分完整，句意明确，故本句是强调句。因强调的内容是地点，故空格处应填that。
6．Only when Lily walked into the office ________ that she had left the contract at home.
(2015·天津，3)
A．she realized C．she has realized 答案 D
解析 考查倒装及时态。句意为：直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。“only＋状语从句”位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。根据时间状语“when Lily walked into the office”可知要用一般过去时。故答案为D。
7．Bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century ________ his musical gift was fully recognized.(2015·重庆，9) A．while C．that 答案 C
B．though D．after
B．has she realized D．did she realize
B．had they encouraged D．they encouraged
解析 考查强调句。句意为：巴赫于1750年去世，但是他的音乐才能一直到19世纪早期才完全被认可。本句是一个强调句型，其基本结构是：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他，本句被强调部分是not until the early 19th century。故选C。
8．If ________ for the job，you’ll be informed soon.(2015·北京，31) A．to accept C．accepting 答案 D
解析 考查省略句。句意为：如果你被录用做这份工作的话，你将会很快得到通知。本题中if之后省略了主语和be动词，补充完整为：If you are accepted for the job，所以选D。 9．It is important to remember that success ________ a sum of small efforts made each day and often ________ years of achieve.(2015·湖南，27) A．is；takes C．are；take 答案 A
解析 考查主谓一致。句意为：成功是每天所做的一些小小的努力的总和，它常常需要很多年的时间才能实现，记住这些很重要。此处success是不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故选A项。
10．Always ________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
(2015·湖南，31)
A．to keep C．keep 答案 C
解析 考查祈使句。句意为：一直要记住：你的主要任务是使这家公司运转顺利。祈使句一般以动词原形开头，故用keep。keep in mind记住，是固定搭配。
11．No sooner ________ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
(2014·陕西，17)
A．had Mo Yan C．has Mo Yan 答案 A
解析 考查倒装及时态。no sooner had sb.done...than...引导时间状语从句，且当no sooner位
B．Mo Yan had D．Mo Yan has B．to have kept D．have kept B．are；takes D．is；take B．accept D．accepted
于主句句首时，主句用部分倒装，即将主句中的助动词、系动词或情态动词提到其主语前，排除B、D两项；由从句时态可知用过去完成时，助动词had提前。故选A。
12．It was the culture，rather than the language，________ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.(2014·福建，29) A．where C．that 答案 C
解析 考查强调句。句意为：是风俗文化而不是语言，使他很难适应国外的新环境。这里强调主语部分the culture，rather than the language，所以用that引导。故选C。
13．Was it because Jack came late for school ________ Mr Smith got angry？(2014·四川，3) A．why C．where 答案 D
解析 考查强调句。句意为：是不是因为Jack上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的？此题考查的是强调句的一般疑问句，所强调的是主句的原因状语从句because Jack came late for school，故选that。
14．________ me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result.(2014·大纲全国，33) A．Calling C．To call 答案 B
解析 考查祈使句。句意为：明天给我打电话，我会让你知道实验结果的。分析句子结构可知，此处是“祈使句＋and＋简单句”这一固定句式结构。故B项正确。
15．All we need ________ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.(2014·湖南，32) A．are C．is 答案 C
解析 考查主谓一致和动词的时态。根据表语a small piece of land可知谓语用单数，且根据从句的时态可知所填词用一般现在时，故选C。 16．—I spent two weeks in London last summer.
B．was D．were B．Call D．Having called B．who D．that B．why D．what
—Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay，_____ you？(2014·重庆，10) A．mustn’t C．didn’t 答案 C
解析 考查反意疑问句。答语句意为：那你在伦敦逗留期间肯定去看过大英博物馆，对吗？must have done在句中表示对过去事实的推测，当句末有反意疑问的语气时，可分为两种情况：(1)句中没有明确的过去时间状语时，反意疑问句结构为“haven’t/hasn’t...？”；(2)句中有明确的过去时间状语时，结构为“didn’t...？”。题中last summer表示的是一个确定的过去时间，故C项正确。
17．“Never for a second，” the boy says，“________that my father would come to my rescue.”(2013·江苏，27) A．I doubted C．I have doubted 答案 D
解析 句意为：这个男孩说：“我从不怀疑我父亲会来救我。”当否定副词或具有否定含义的短语臵于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。故本题要用部分倒装。再根据would come to...可知，是在讲过去发生的事，故用过去时。
18．At no time________the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.(2013·辽宁，26) A．they actually broke B．do they actually break C．did they actually break D．they had actually broken 答案 C
解析 考查倒装句型。at no time为介词短语，当其位于句首时，句子应该用部分倒装，根据第二个句子可知时态为过去时。故选C。
19．The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police________.
(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ，28)
A．not to do C．not do 答案 B
B．not to D．do not B．do I doubt D．did I doubt B．haven’t D．hadn’t