CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY
本科生毕业论文（设计）
题 目 基于LabVIEW的音乐喷泉仿真控制系统 学生姓名 pdw 指导老师 熊红云 学 院 信息科学与工程学院 专业班级 完成时间 2009年6月 基于LabVIEW的音乐喷泉仿真控制系统 摘要
摘要
目前，在我们日常生活中比较常见、园林建筑与音乐欣赏相结合的艺术产物—音乐喷泉的生产和应用已经比较普及，但由于硬件设备和控制算法的制约，生产安装前缺少测试，系统也存在着同步性、稳定性较差，控制精度低等诸多不足。鉴于虚拟仪器的优势与特点，因此着力于减少视音滞后时间、提高控制精度的基于虚拟仪器的音乐喷泉模拟仿真尤为重要。
本文在分析和总结其他控制方法的音乐喷泉研究的基础上从音乐喷泉控制方法入手，采用模块化设计，结合FMOD对MP3、WAV格式文件编码解码，围绕信号生成、信号处理、控制输出三个步骤，选用LabVIEW软件，使用声音文件VI编程制作了音乐播放器，并同时稳定检测音频信号、分析处理后产生控制信号输出。完成了具备各种初步测试功能、播放与控制响应同步的LabVIEW音乐喷泉仿真系统。论文简要分析了音调、音强、音色对喷泉控制信号变化的影响：音调（音频成分中的频率信号）和音强（幅值信号）均有较规则的相似的波动，并且和音乐高低起伏同步变化。音色由幅值和相位决定，对播放效果有直接影响却作随即波动，故和控制信号的生成无较大关联。论文还提出了预编辑预处理方法和参数在线修改等解决方案视音滞后和控制精度较弱的问题。最后简要的分析了系统的可改进行并对控制系统的网络化和功能齐全化、智能化作了展望。
关键词：LabVIEW，音乐喷泉，仿真与监测，视音同步，音频信号处理
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基于LabVIEW的音乐喷泉仿真控制系统 摘要
Abstract
The musical fountain is common in our everyday lives which is the artistic products with landscape architecture and music be made up. Although its application has been relatively popular,because of a lack of testing before producting and installation,the systems also have problems on synchronization, stability, and accuracy. Therefore the simulation and monitoring of musical fountain focus on reducing the visual vocal lag time as well as improving the control precision is particularly important.
On the basis of analysis and summary of other control methods, starting with musical fountain control methods and using modular design,this thesis is combined with FMOD to MP3/WAV codec format, and surrounding the three aspects,such as signal generation, signal processing, control signal output.Using the sound files VI from LabVIEW software,it has produced a music player,with the function of testing the stability of the audio signal processing control signal after the output.The thesis have also completed the music fountain of LabVIEW simulation system for preliminary testing of various functions in response to simultaneously play and control.A brief analysis of how the tone,the sound intensity and timbre make an impact of changes to control signals.Tone (audio frequency signal components) and the sound intensity (amplitude of the signal) are more similar to the volatility of the rules, and music synchronization change ups and downs. The timbre decision by the amplitude and phase,have a direct effect on the players but for the impact of fluctuations in immediately.It also have little correlation to the generation and control signals.The settltments(a pre-edit、pre-processing methods,online parameters modify),for the slow and weak control issues,were also proposed.The inaccuracy and the prospect,such as network control system and full-featured-intelligent systems were taken stock of at the end of the thesis.
Keywords:LabVIEW, Musical fountain, Simulation and Monitoring, Visual Vocal Lag, ASP (audio signal processing)
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基于LabVIEW的音乐喷泉仿真控制系统 目录
目录
第一章 绪论......................................................... 1
1.1研究背景和意义............................................... 1 1.2音乐喷泉的现状与趋势......................................... 1
1.2.1基于单片机的音乐喷泉 ................................... 2 1.2.2其他计算机控制音乐喷泉 ................................. 3 1.2.3音乐喷泉的发展趋势 ..................................... 4 1.3 本文结构及主要研究内容 ...................................... 6 第二章 音乐喷泉控制系统............................................. 7
2.1 音乐喷泉传统控制系统 ........................................ 7
2.1.1传统系统控制原理 ....................................... 7 2.1.2 传统系统的软硬件技术................................... 7 2.1.3 传统系统的优点与缺点................................... 8 2.2基于LabVIEW的音乐喷泉控制系统的总体......................... 9
2.2.1 设计原理与控制流程..................................... 9 2.2.2 硬件结构组成.......................................... 11
第三章 音频文件的编码解码.......................................... 12
3.1 音频信号 ................................................... 12
3.1.1 音频信号定义 ......................................... 12 3.1.2 音频信号特征 ........................................ 12 3.1.3 音频信号数字化 ...................................... 13 3.2音频信号的编码解码技术标准................................ 14
3.2.1 H.261、H.263标准 ..................................... 14 3.2.2 M-JPEG标准 .......................................... 15 3.2.3 MPEG系列标准 ......................................... 16 3.3 虚拟仪器的音频分析处理 ..................................... 16
3.3.1 虚拟仪器音频分析处理的特点............................ 16 3.2.2 虚拟仪器音频分析处理在音乐喷泉仿真系统中的应用........ 17
第四章 虚拟仪器及LabVIEW介绍...................................... 19
4.1 虚拟仪器的构成 ............................................. 19
4.1.1 虚拟仪器的硬件构成.................................... 19 4.1.2 虚拟仪器的软件构成.................................... 20 4.2 虚拟仪器的特点 ............................................. 21 4.3虚拟仪器技术在国内外的发展.................................. 22
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基于LabVIEW的音乐喷泉仿真控制系统 目录
4.4 虚拟仪器的发展趋势 ......................................... 23 第五章 基于LabVIEW的音乐喷泉仿真控制系统的设计.................... 25
5.1 功能模块的设计与介绍 ....................................... 25
5.1.1音频信号的产生 ........................................ 25 5.1.2音频信号的处理 ........................................ 26 5.1.3实时数据查看与在线参数修改 ............................ 28 5.1.4同步性检测 ............................................ 29 5.2 控制面板设计 ............................................... 30 5.3 调试 ....................................................... 32 5.4 改进性分析 ................................................. 33 第六章 结论与展望.................................................. 36 致谢............................................................... 37 参考文献........................................................... 38 附录............................................................... 40
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