4. Usingtheexampleofthepronghorn andlion,explaintheconceptofarelict behavior.
Relict behaviornolongerservesitsoriginalpurpose because ofchanged conditions.Itmightbe useful to theanimalwhen habitatwas different. Pronghornlives onopengrassy plains.Itis superfast,actually thefastest animal in thewestern hemisphere.Wheneveritspredators appear,it?s offina
flash.Thereasonwhy itruns sofastis thatlongtime along,the grassyplain was different.Lionsused tolive there andchased pronghorns.Lions were much faster than bobcat,sopronghorn?s speedwas criticaltoitssurvival.But nowlions areextinct.They arenolonger thepredators.Becauseofthis
conditionchange,pronghorn?s speeddoesn?tserveitsoriginalpurposeand thus becomes arelict behavior.
5. Briefly summarize the problemthespeakers arediscussing. Thenstate whichsolutionyouwouldrecommend.Explainthereasons foryour recommendation.
Themanwrote his paperlastnightbut heforgotto takeitwithhim.Thereare two
possiblesolutions.Thefirstoneis todriveback tohis place andbringthe paperback.Since helivesoff-campus,if hehurries,hecanonly come back beforetheclassis over.Stillhe?ll miss
partoftheclass.Thesecondsolutionis to talk totheprofessor andask herifit?s okaytosendthe paperlater byemail. Buttheprofessoralwaysstartsclasson time,themanwill only havechance to ask herwhen theclassisover.Iwouldrecommend theman to take thefist solution.Since theprofessoris strictwithlate-submissions and hedoesn?t know whethershe?llallowhimtosubmitthepaperlater by email,it?s betterto drive home and bringthe paperback evenifhe?llmiss partoftheclass.
6. Using pointsand examples fromthelecture, explain howthe characteristics oftargetcustomers influencemarketingstrategy for products.
Theprofessor talks abouttwocharacteristicsoftargetcustomers thatcan influencecompany?s marketingstrategy.Thefirstcharacteristicis age.Ifa companymakes toy cars,itstargetcustomers arekids.Itshouldadvertise on Television during thetimekids watch television.This makes sure thatthe advertisement reaches thekids sothecompany can getpeopleinthatage groupto buy
toycars.Thesecondcharacteristicis geographical location where the targetcustomers live.Ifacompany wantstosellboats,itstarget customersmustlivenearoceanandlakes since only peoplelive nearwater need boats.So thecompany will advertiseincities and towns thatare near ocean andlakesinorder toreachitstargetcustomers and therefore tosell more boats.
新托福TPO口语参考答案——TPO19
1. Talkaboutaskillor abilitythatyouconsiderespecially importantforastudentto have.Use details and examples to explain your answer.
Theabilitytofindanswersoneone?sownis importantforstudents to have. Asweallknow, there aremany problemswecan?tsolvebysimplyaskingothers, classmates, friendsor eventeachers. Andsometimeswemeetaproblembutthereis no onearoundtoofferhelp. Sowehaveto findthe answers byourselves. Wecan useSearchEngines suchas googletoseeifanysimilarquestions havebeenasked. Wecanalso useInternetdatabasesuchas Wikipediatoseeifthereis anyrelevant items thatcan provideusefulinformationtoanswerourquestionsorto helpsolve problems. Inaword, theabilityto findanswers by oneselfis veryimportant.
2. Moreand morepeoplearebuyingitemsontheInternetand frommagazines orcatalogs. Other peopleprefershoppinginastore. Which do you prefer andwhy?
Iprefertobuy thingsontheInternetratherthan doshoppinginastore. Firstly, it?sveryeasyto find thingson Internet. Youjusthavetoinputthekey words intosearchengineonaweb store, the resultswill belisted onthescreenimmediately.Then you picktheoneyou needand usecredit cardto
paytheitem.Afterafewdays orso, theitemwillbedelivered directly to yourhouseor apartment. Secondly, Internethasmoreitems than does store. ManytimesIwalkinabookstore and walk outwithoutthebook Iwant. ButInevermeettheproblembuyingbooksonline.I can eitherbuybooks fromWeb bookstores suchas Amazon orbuysecond-handedbooks from individuals. So,thesearethereasonswhy Ichoosetobuy itemson theInternet.
3. Themanexpresses his opinion oftheuniversity?s plan. Statehisopinionandexplainthereasonshegives forholdingthatopinion.
Theuniversityisgoingto makea25-dollarincreaseinstudentfeeforusingthecampusrecreation centerto upgradethefacilitysothatmorestudentswillusethefacility. Also, thedecisionis approvedbecause25-dollaris areasonableamountofmoney.Themanintheconversationthinks it?s agreat idea. Firstly, hesayspeopledon?tgotherebecausethefacilityisoldandexercise equipmentbreaksdown. Ifthey upgradethefacilityand providenew equipment, studentswillget moreuseat it. It?snotgoodtojustlet itempty. Studentswillbestressed out ifthey don?tdoany exercise.Secondly,hesays 25dollars is notmuch, comparedtothemoneystudents spend onCDs and movies.Furthermore, it?sonechargeforawholeyear. Consideringthebenefits,this is not muchto pay.
4. Usetheexamplesfromthelecturetoexplaintheconceptofsocial learning.
Social learningis away peoplelearnby watchingthebehaviorofothers. Ifthebehaviorleads to desirableresults,peoplewillimitateit.Ifthebehaviorleads to undesirableresult, peoplewillnotimitateit. Intheprofessor?s example, two kids, sister and brother areshopping withtheirmother. Ifthegirlwants atoyandaskshermothertobuyitforher. Butthemothersays no.Thenthegirl cries
andscreams.Finallythemothergives inandbuysthegirlthetoy.Atthesametime, thelittle brotheris watchingall this. Next timeifhewants something, hewillcryandscream, which means heimitates thebehaviorsfromhis sister. Butifthemomdidn?tgivein,didn?tbuythegirlthetoy and didn?t letthegirlwatchTVprogram.Againtheboyiswatching. Next timeifhewants atoy, probably heisnotgonnacryandscream. Sincethebehaviordoesn?tleadtoadesirable consequence, theboy willnotimitatethebehavior.
5. Brieflysummarizetheproblemthespeakers arediscussing. Thenstatewhichsolution you wouldrecommend. Explainthereasonsforyourrecommendation.
Thewoman?s gotascheduling problem. Thedaythewoman has beenassignedtoteachat the schoolintownwillbethesameday herChinesehistory coursemeets. Therearetwo possible solutions.Thefirstoneisto taketheChinesehistorycourseinanothersemester. Butthis courseis taughtbyavisiting professorwhois amazingandwillonlybehereonesemester. Anothersolutionis tochangeherteachingassignmenttoadifferentdaytoteach littlekids. Butshewants toteach old kids becausethat?s whatshewants todoaftergraduation. Iwouldrecommendthe
womantotakethesecondsolution. Sincethevisiting professorwillonlybeherein onesemester andsheis planningto gotoChina, it?s importantto gripthisopportunity.Theremusthavesome otherways to gainexperienceofteaching oldkids buthavingaChinesehistorycoursetaughtbya Chineseprofessorisnotthateasy.
6. Usingtheexamplesofthealbatrossand fulmar, explain twospecialadaptations thathave developedto helpseabirdsfindfood.
Theprofessortalks abouttwospecialadaptationsdevelopedto helpseabirds find food.Thefirst adaptationis theLengthofwings.Usually,whenbirdsfly, they havetoflapwingsupand down and uses alotofenergy.
Bualbatross,
akindofseabird,has
speciallylongwings
thatenableitt
flywithoutmovingwingsupand down. Soitcan glideandfloatonthewind usinglittle energy.
This is sobecausealbatrosshas tocoverhugeexpanseofoceantolocatefood.Another adaptation is acutesenseofsmell. Fulmar also has tofind foodscatteredintheoceananditsmainsourceof foodis tiny plankton. Fulmardevelops tinytubes insidenoseholeandthespecial tube-shape nostrilshelpthem to pickupthescentoffood. Plankton ishardtoseebut itgives sharp distinctive odor. So Fulmarcan findplanktonbysmellingthemeven fromfar away.
新托福TPO口语参考答案——TPO20
1. Chooseaqualityyouthinkmakes someoneavaluablememberfateam.Explainwhyyouthinkitis animportantqualityforateamorgroupmemberto have
Ithinkavaluablememberofateamshouldbecooperative.Ifamemberis cooperative,heorshe willtakethegoaloftheteamasmaingoalnotthatofhis or herownas themaingoal.Soheorsheis willingtohelpotherteammembers,to talkwithothers, tosolveproblems withothers.OnceIattendedacomputer programgroup.
Atthattimewehadfourmembersandonlyonedayleftbeforewehadtosubmittheprogram.Sowealldecidedtogathertogetherandstayovernight, writingtheprogram,sharingideas,discussingandsolvingproblems.Thatwas the timeIfeltwewerelikeateam.
2. Somepeopleprefertolearnaboutcurrenteventsfromwatchingtelevision news programs.Others prefertoreadaboutcurrenteventsinnewspaperoronthe Internet. Whichdoyouthinkis better:watchingthenews orreadingthenews? Explainwhy.
Ipreferwatchingthenews toreadingthenewbecausewatchingthenews can providemewithmoredetails aboutwhathadhappened.Usuallyinthevideo,I canseethescene,seethepeopleandevenheartheirwords. Itseems asifI amin thescene.Besides,watchingthenews cangetmoreobjectiveinformation.Since thenews articlesinthenewspapershouldbeeditedorcensored, someimportant informationmaybeomitted.However,videos news bringmetothesceneand makemeoneofthewitnesses.Eventhough,somemightsayvideos canbe clipped,Ibelieveatthesamecensoringlevel,videoismoreobjectivethanwords.
3. Thewomanexpresses
heropinionabouttheplandescribedinthearticle.State
heropinionandexplainthereasons shegives forholdingtheopinion. （题目并没有让我们总结阅读材料,所以阅读内容可说可不说）
Thegirldoesn?tagreewiththeuniversityontheplan.Firstly,shesays thatthe teachingbuildings aren?tjustusedforclasses.Theyarealsousedbyherevening studygroup.
Thegroupholdmeetingsintheclassrooms.Nowthatit?s winterand cold,thestudygrouphas nowhereelsetogo.Secondly,shesays theuniversity shouldn?tdisruptthestudents? academicstudy.Therearemanyotherthings the universityshoulddo. Theuniversitycanreplacetheolddraftywindows thatare
poorisolatedandalwaysletthecoldinclassrooms.Also, theoldbuildings arenot energy-efficient.Soshethinks therearemanybasicimprovements theuniversitycandotomakedifferenceinthelong-
termandstillleavethemsomewhereto study.
新托福TPO口语参考答案——TPO1
1.Talkaboutabookyouhave readthatwasimportantto youfor somereason.Explain why the book wasimportanttoyou. Give specificdetailsand examplestoexplainyour answer
Recently,I read a book named Keep the aspidistra flying written by George Orwell.The book influences me a lotbecause the story has something that touches my heart.Thestory talksabouta man who wants to be a poetand who abandons many well-paying jobs topursue his dreamofbeing a poet.I have a similarexperience ofquitting a very good job in orderto bea writer. Also,the man in the story is lack ofmoney because he works as abookstore assistantand thus has a very low salary.He lives in a shabby apartmentand sometimeshave no money to buy food.Again,I?ve got similarexperience.I once lived in a cramped apartmentalone andhad no money.The book is importantto me because ittouches me andgives me encouragementto persist.
2.Some people believe that television has had a positiveinfluence on society. Others believe ithas had a negative influence on society.Which do you agree with and why? Use details and examples to explain youropinion.
Ithinktelevisionhasapositiveinfluenceonsociety.It?sagoodsourceofnews.
ThemembersinthesocietycangetnewseasilyfromNewsChannelsandthus keep themselves informed ofwhat?s happening around.Like,mygrandfather watches News on TV everyday justtokeep up with the latestevents.Beside televisioncanbeakindofentertainment.Peoplecanwatchdifferentshowson TV such as funny talkshows andsoap operas.I have many friends who like watching Late show with David Letterman and some otherfriendslikewatching TV series such as Lost and Friends.They all consider TV as a good way ofrelaxing themselves and ofkilling time.So,withthe news and same TV programs, people in asociety share a lotof things that they can talk aboutin any event. Therefore, society actually benefits fromTV.
3.Explainwhy the woman disagrees with the reasons expressed in the letter.
The writer of the letter opposes the university?s plan to acquire a new sculpture because the university?s financial condition is poor and the sculpture is so large that it?ll take up all the green space in front of the campus center. The woman in the conversation thinks the two reasons are totally unconvincing. The woman says it?s an anonymous donor who pays the bill of the sculpture not the university so there is no need to worry about the university?s financial condition. As for the point about the space, the woman thinks Paul, the writer of the letter, always plays soccer with his friends on the lawn where the sculpture will be. She thinks Paul just doesn?t want to move to another place. For him, it?s convenience versus sculpture.
4.Explaingroupthinkand its effects using example ofthe computercompany.
Groupthink is a process in which individual members of a group conform their ideas to the group consensus even if the result may not be well. The professor in the lecture uses his personal experience in a computer company to illustrate this process. Once he and his co-worker suggested to give their computer a design make-over to look cooler in order to attract new customers. At first, the majority supported their suggestion. But there were a few senior managers who didn?t support. Then some supporters changed their mind, so did the professor?s co-worker. The co-worker changed his mind because he didn?t want to make a bad impression on senior managers. He thought disagreeing with them might harm his future promotion. Then after a long discussion and with more and more people sided with senior managers, the professor himself though was the only one who?s delaying the decision. Then, he voted against himself.So they all agreed not to have this design make-over. At last, the company lost profit because its competitors came up with good-looking computers and win more customers.
5.The speakers discuss two possible solutions to thewoman?s problem. Briefly summarize theproblem.Then state which shouldsolution you recommend and explain why.
The woman was supposed to drive a bunch ofelementary students tothe zoo tomorrow butshe didn?trent a van in time and the kids will be disappointed if the trip gets cancelled.The mansuggests herto borrow a carfromone ofher friends.Butshe has toborrow two cars to hold all the kids and it?s hard to find anotherdriver.Then the man suggests her to takethe public
transportation.Heisprettysurethat thereisabuslinepastthezoo. But thewomanthinksit?s hard to control the kids on the bus.Well personally,Iwould recommend the woman to take the bus line.Even ifthe kids are handful,they arestill controllable.But there is no guarantee thatshe can borrow two cars and find anotherdriverat the same time.
6.Using the researchdescribedby the professor,explain whatscientists have learned aboutthe mathematical abilities ofbabies.
In the lecture the professordescribes how scientists learn aboutbaby?s mathematical
abilities.Researchers did an experimenttotestbaby?s ability to add thatbaby knows one plus one equals two.They firstputadoll in frontofa baby and lowered thescreen tohide the doll.So the baby knows it?s there. Then they clearly putanotherdoll behind the screen so there should be two
dolls.Butresearcherssecretlytookoneawayandwhentheyliftthescreenup, the baby was surprised because itexpected to see twodolls butthere
wasonlyone.Weknowwhenababyissurprised,itstaresatthethingthatmakesit feel surprised.The researchers recorded the baby?s eye-movement with a camera and found thatthe babystared.So the baby has the ability to add. It knows onedoll plus one doll equals two dolls.
新托福TPO口语参考答案——TPO2
1.Choose a place yougo to often thatis importanttoyou and explain why it is important. Please include specific details in yourexplanation.
Ioften go to the basketball courtnearmy apartment. It?s very importantto me because Iplay basketball there everyday and basketball is my favorite sport. Eversince Iwas a little boy,I have been playing in thatcourt with my friends. When in juniorhigh,I practiced shooting and dribbling in thatcourt nearlyeveryday till late atnight.Besides,the courtis the reminderofan awful lotof my valuable memories.I still can rememberthathow Istarted outshooting badly and then afterseveral weeks? practice,I could shootwell and dribbled well.Icanalso remembermanyfriends with whomIplayed basketball and form teams.Without thatcourt, I couldn?tpossibly make so many friends.So it?s very importanttome.
2.Some college students choose to take courses in a variety ofsubjectareas in ordertogeta broad education.Otherschoose to focus on a single subject area in orderto havea deeperunderstanding ofthatarea.Whichapproach to course selection do you think is better forstudents and why?
Well,Ithink taking a wide variety ofcourses is better forstudents.Because, firstof all,Ithink undergraduate
study
is
meantfor
broadness.Students
had
betterbroaden
theirhorizon
andpreventthemselves frombeingnarrow-minded.Second ofall,I think before students find their“true love”,I mean,thesubjectthey really wantto go deep into,they should probably extend theirstudyfieldand tastedifferentsubjects in various areas so as to identify the “true love”.Take myselfas an example,mymajoris software engineering in the college,butI took variouscourses outside mymajor field. Then Ifound outthat I was more interested in literaturethan in computerand software.So literatureis my “truelove”.
Ithink itdepends on the students themselves.Ifa studentdoesn?tknow his or herinterest.It?s betterforthem totake a variety ofcourses so as to taste various kinds ofsubjects tofind theirinterest.Takemyselfas an example,my majorissoftwareengineeringinthecollege, but
Itookvariouscoursesoutside my major field.Then Ifound outthatIwas more interested in literature than in computerand software.So literature is my interest. Ifastudentalready know whathe likes and whathe needs to learn.Then taking many differentclasses will be a little bitwaste oftime. It?sbetterfor this studentto concentrate on his orherinterest.For instance,I don?tthink BillGates need to take courses otherthan computerscience when inHarvard,coz he knewwhathe liked and what he wanted.He alreadyknew his interest.
3.The man expresses his opinion of the university?s plan to eliminate the bus service.State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.
The university has decided to stop its free bus service because not very many students ride the bus and plans to use the money saved to expand the overcrowded parking lots. But the man in the conversation doesn?t like the plan. As for the point about few students riding the bus, the man says it?s because the bus routes are out of date. The bus only goes through the places that are too expensive for students to live. If the buses change route and the man thinks there will be plenty of students taking those buses.The man also disagrees with the university?s plan to expand the parking lots. He thinks the plan will encourage more students to drive, which will add noise and create more traffic.Then they?ll need more parking space. He thinks the university should make it easier for students to take the public buses not the other way around.
4.Explainhow the examples of tying shoes and learning to type demonstrate the principle ofaudience effects.
The principle of audience effects is that individuals? performance is affected by the knowledge that others are watching them. The professor uses examples of tying shoes and learning to type to demonstrate that we actually increase our speed of performing if we know that we are being observed. In the example of tying shoes, one group of college students was told that they were being observed, the other didn?t know they were being observed. The students who knew they were being watched tied their shoes much faster than the other group. And in the example of learning to type, when we are conscious of being observed, we will increase typing speed. We type faster than we do alone. Also, other behavioral pattern will increase, like making mistakes. So when we type faster when we know we are being observed, we also make more mistakes.
5.The speakers discuss two possible solutions to thewoman?s problem. Describe theproblemand the two solutions.Then explain whatyou think the woman should doandwhy.
Theprofessorasksthewomantoattendafieldtrip,butthewomanhasalready promised anotherprofessorto help setup amuseumexhibition
nextweek.Andthisistheproblem.Theprofessorofferstwopossiblesolutions.Thefirstis
thatshecantalktotheotherprofessortoseeifthereissomeoneelsewhocan replace thewoman tohelp setup the museumexhibition.The second is that the woman finishes setting up the museumbefore theysetout the field trip. Actually,Ithink the woman should choose the second solution,because she has already agreed to help the otherprofessorand theotherprofessoris counting on her.It?s possible thatthere is noone else who can take herplace. So she?d better finish the taskfirstbefore she goes to the field trip.
6.Using points and examples fromthetalk, explain the two definitions of moneypresented by the professor.
Theprofessortalks abouttwo definitions ofmoney,a broad one anda narrow one.By the broad definition,money is everything with which we can make purchases.Forexample,coins and bills canbe money, because we can use themtobuygoodssuchasvegetablesandpayforservicessuchastaxi.Butin a bartersystem,vegetables can be money, because farmers cangive drivers vegetablesin exchange fora drive.By the narrow definition,in a society,the legal tenderis money. Forinstance,in the US,drivers and farmersmust acceptdollars as payment.People can use dollars to pay for taxiand buy
vegetablesbecause dollaris the legal tenderin the US. So,dollar in the form ofcoin and bill is money.
新托福TPO口语参考答案——TPO16
1.Ifyoucould haveany job orcareeryouwanted.Whichwouldyouchoose andwhy? Givespecific detailsto explainyourresponse.
IfIcouldhave any jobIwanted,Iwouldchoose to beawriter.Therearea
coupleofreasonswhyIwanttobewriter.Firstly,beingawriterdoesn?tneed to go to officeora place fullofmany other people.Writers usually stay ata quiet placeandwrite articles orbooks.Ienjoy being alone,thinkingalone and writing thingsalone.EverytimeIamalone,Iwritestories.Secondly,Ilove the art oftellingstories. Writingstories not only pleases myself butmay entertain otherpeople,thereaders,as well.I especiallylikethesceneinwhich people laugh andthink when they arereadingmy stories.
2. Some peoplewho unexpectedly receivedalarge amount ofmoney spend iton practical things,whileothers spenditforpleasureonly.Which doyou thinkisbetter andwhy?
Ithinkspendingit onpractical thingsis better.Spendinglarge amount of money for
pleasureonlyisnotawiseway to handlemoney.It?llonly make peoplewanttospendmore becausehuman desireisinsatiable. Ifyoubuy a bighouse,therewillbeabiggerhouse.Ifyoubuy alargecompany,therewill bealargercompany.Sowiser peopleshouldspend themoney on practical things such assettingupa fund forcharity, helpingthosewho arein urgent needoffoodandsanitation,buildingschools
forkidswholiveintherural areas andso on.Even openingabookstoreis betterthanjustspendingthemoney onlyforpleasure.
3.Theman expresses his opinionaboutthestudent's suggestions thatare madein theletter.Statetheman's opinionand explain thereasons hegives for holding thatopinion.
Thewritersuggeststhat healthcenterhiremore doctors so that eachpatient receivesquality treatmentandthathealthcenteropen onweekendsin orderto treat peoplewho getsick over
theweekend.Themanin theconversation doesn?tthink thetwosuggestionswill domuchgood.Asforthe firstsuggestion, themansays the healthcenteristiny.Itsuffers lackofspace.Unlessit builds more treat roomor offices, problems can?t besolved.Aboutthesecond suggestion,themansays moststudents aren?t hereonweekend.Therearejust notalotof people here.Most ofthemareintown.Plus,studentsleave more often onweekend.Allthesemean thatthereis notmuch demand for treatment onweekends.
4.Using theexample fromthelecture, explainwhatsocial loafingis and howit affects people's behavior.
Social loafing happens whenindividualsinagroup performless wellthan they do on their own,whichleads toless personal efficiency.The professoruses a study toillustrate thisphenomenon.In thestudy, peoplewere asked topeel potatoes,to peel as many potatoes as possible atagiven amount oftime. Somechose towork alone andwere told thatthe number of potatoes each
peeledwillberecord.Others chosetowork ina group andthey were toldthat onlythe totalnumber of potatoes peeledwould berecorded.Soitwasimpossibletotell how many one person had done.Then theresearchers compared the average number of potatoes peeledaloneand that peeled together.They found outthat peoplewhoworked as agrouppeeled significantly fewer potatoes than thosewhoworkedalone.
5. Thestudentsdiscuss two possiblesolutions to theman's problem.Briefly summarize theproblem.Thenstatewhich of thesolutions you preferand explainwhy.
None ofthe bookstoresinthecampus areahas the book themanwants and it?lltakeabouttwoweeks to have the bookinstock.Buttheclass willbe discussing thebook nextTuesday.Thefirstsolutionis tobuy thebook onthe Internetand useRussiaorderdelivery.Butit?llcosttwice as muchmoney as it takes to buyoneina bookstore.Thesecondsolutionis tosharethewoman?s copy untilhecan geta bookfroma bookstore.Hecanread part ofthe book one day and then thewomancanread part ofthe bookanother day.Butthe manworries thathewon?t getthe bookback to herintime.I preferthesecond solution.Justlikethewomansays, aslongasthe twostudentskeepcareful, they won?t
delayeachother.Furthermore,they only have toshare the book for twoweeks,sincebookstores willhavethe book in twoweeks.
6.Using pointsand examples fromthe talk, explaininternalandexternal locus ofcontrol.
Theprofessor uses twointerviewees as examplesto explaininternaland external locus ofcontrol.In thefirst example,thegirlwho hasinternal locusof controlbelieves hersuccess and preparationare herresponsibilities.Soshe worked hard ahead of time.Ifshesucceed,shewillthinkits because ofher hardwork.Ifshefails,shewillbedisappointed and trytofigure out howshe canimprove
forthenexttime.Another exampleisamanwho has external locusofcontrol.Hethinksinterviewers havemoreinfluenceonhisinterview, whichmeans his success dependsonluck.So hedidn?t work hard toprepare for theinterview.Heismorelikely to takerisks,interviewingjobs thatheisnot qualified for.Ifhe getsit, hethinksit?s becauseinterviewers are havinga good day.If hedoesn?tgetit,hewillblame theinterviewers andwon?t try tofigure out howhemight have done better.
新托福TPO口语参考答案——TPO17
1.Talk aboutaspecialopportunity thatwas given toyou.Explainwhy the opportunitywas important. Iwas given anopportunitytostudyintheUSonesummer.This opportunityis veryimportanttome forseveral reasons.Firstly,itwas thefirsttimeIwent abroad.I hadimagined goingabroad eversinceIwas alittlekid.I never gota chance untilthat dayIreceivedacallfroman administratorinmy college tellingme thatIwas granted theopportunitytostudy abroadfor thesummer vacation. Secondly,Ilearnedand experiencedalotfromthis opportunity.In thisexchange program,Iwas assignedapartnerwhowas alsoacollege studentintheUS.Heintroducedme to his family,took me outtovalley faire andinstructedme howto use Linuxin thecomputerlab.
2.Statewhetheryouagree ordisagreewith the followingstatement.Then explainyourreasons, usingspecific detailsinyour explanation.
Studentsshouldnotbeallowed to bringcellphones (mobile phones)into the classroom.Itotally don?tagreewith this statementthatstudentsshouldn?t beallowed to bringcellphonesinto theclassroom.Oneimportantpurpose ofcell-phoneis thatwecanreachanyoneat anytime
anywhere.Ifstudents? parentsneedto informthemofsomeimportantthings andstudents don?thavemobile phones with them, parentswillhave tocome to theclassroomorcallothers toreach
thekids.Thissoundsprettyinconvenientinamodern age.On theother hand, simply bringingcell-phonesintoclassroomwon?t disturbotherstudents or interrupttheclass.Studentsjust need to turntheirsound offandmake the signal tovibration.Andifthey receivesome urgent phone-calls,they cango outtoreply.
3. Theman expresses his opinionabouttheupcomingchange.Statehis opinion andexplainthereasons hegives forholding thatopinion.
Thelibraryis goingtochangebig,multipersonstudy tablesinto personal study cubiclesin order toeliminate noiseinthelibrary and accommodatemore students
attendingtheuniversity.Themanintheconversation thinkstheuniversityis makingamistake.As for thefirstpurposetoreducedistraction, themansays ifthereis
nomultipersontablesinthelibrary,therewillbeno placetogettogethertodogroup projects.He thinksinstead ofchangingtables, the universityshouldbuildmeetingrooms toreduce thenoiseinthemainlibrary hall.As for thesecondpurpose toaccommodatemorestudents, the mans says thelibrary hasno problemwith overcrowding.Heseesempty tablesallthetime and thewoman always takes awhole tableforherself.The man thinks it?llbeawaste ofmoney to build thecubiclessincethelibrary now is sufficiently big toholdmorestudents.
4.Explaintheconceptofritualization usingthe example of dogsdiscussedby the professor. Ritualizationis aprocessinwhich ananimal?sbehaviorthatoriginally serves a
practicalpurposedevelopsinto one thatcommunicates aspecific message. Theprofessor usedog?s baring teeth as an example to explain theconcept. If dogs feelthreatened,they
showtheirteeth,meaningstayaway.Before this dog?s behaviorbecomearecognizablewarning,its originalpurposeisto avoid bitingits ownlips.When dogssensedanger,they bite andinstinctively bare teeth toavoidbiting their ownlips.But otheranimals overtime noticethe teeth baringbehavioralways came beforeadog?s goingtobite.So they startedto readit asasignalto becareful.After this scenariorepeatedtime after time, dogsthemselvesstart tobeawarethatsimplybaring
teethisenoughtoprotect themselves.So theyusethisbehavior asawarningsignaltocommunicate the possibilityto attackrather than actuallyattack.
5.Thespeakers discussestwopossiblesolutionstotheman'sproblem.Briefly summarizetheproblem.Thenstatewhichsolutionyourecommend and explainwhy.
Themanjustgot his first draftof paperfromtheprofessorandhehastoreview allthecomments andwriteafinaldraft.Butthereis only one dayleft.The woman offers
himtwopossiblesuggestions.Thefirstsuggestionisto ask the professor fora deadline
extension.Sinceallthe otherstudents gottheirpaper a fewdays ago andonly theman got his paperjust now,the professorshould takesomeresponsibility forthis situation.Buttheman doesn?t wanttoseem pushy andoffensive.Thesecondpossiblesolutionis todohis bestwith the timeleft.Hecanfinishthe paperquicklyandwork hard.Since heis apretty goodstudent,hecangetapretty
goodgrade.Buttherearetoomany commentsto deal with.IfIwere theman,Iwouldchoosethefirstsolution. Since thisis theprofessor?s fault,evenifit?llbealittle uncomfortable askingthe extension,it?s stillreasonableto doso.Thereis noneedtoworry about being offensive.Themanjust need to tell theproblemto the professorinthe firstplace.I?msure theprofessorwillunderstand.
6.Using pointsand examples fromthe talk, explaintheconcept ofdiffusion.
Diffusionis acultureprocess whereby one group orsociety adopts another?s itemsuch as acustom,a type offoodor aninvention.Take themodern newspaperin theUSasan example,thecharacters onthe pagecame from anotherculturemany centuries ago,theprinting ofwords was inventedin Germany andpaperinChina.Theseinnovations weresharedacross culturesoveralongdistance andoveralongperiodsoftime.Besides,diffusionis sometimes selective.For example,
peopleintheUSacceptthepractice of acupuncture, butfewofthemfullyunderstandit.Becausecultures tend to resistideasthatare toodifferentfromtheir own beliefsandvalues.Ifideas are closetotheirown,they willincorporate,absorbanddiffusethem.SoAmerican culture onlyacceptsthe practice ofacupuncture butnotthephilosophyof Chinesemedicine.
新托福TPO口语参考答案——TPO18
1.Imagineyourlife tenyearsinthe future.Talk aboutoneway you think your lifewillbedifferentin tenyearsthanitisnow.Use details to explainyour answer.
Iimagine mylifetenyearsinthefuturetobefree.Mylifewill be differentin one
wayfromnowthatIdon?thavetobe tiedtoajob.Ican travel aroundtheworld, go anywhere,see differentthings,meet different people, broadenmy horizon and thus feeltheworld.Idon?t have toconfinemyselftojust oneplace.Ican go toFrance,SouthAfrica,SouthAmerica and
IslandsinthePacific.In addition,Ican bea freelancer,live onmy royalties.Iwillhaveplenty oftime to write novels andreadallthemasterpieces.Thisis whatIimaginemy lifewill bein tenyears.
2.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?It is importanttolearnaboutothercultures.Use details andexamples to explainyour opinion.
Itotally agreewiththis statement becausewecanlearndifferentperspectives
fromothercultures.It?simportanttoknowdifferentperspectives to be reflective.For example,Iwentto theUSinmy sophomoreyear and found out thatmany studentsin theUSdon?t usetheirparents? money.They usuallywork in thesummer to earn tuitionfeesandlivingexpenses.However,most ofmy classmates includingme use parents? money without even thinkingabout it.Webelieve thatit?s our parents? obligationto pay forthecollege andgive us allowances.Ireflectedon thisissue
andthoughtIshouldtake onthe responsibilities myself.ThenItook agovernmentloanto pay for thetuition fees andalso gotsome part-timejobs.Therefore,Ichangedmy perspective becauseIlearneda newonefromanotherculture.
3.Themanexpresses his opinionaboutthechange describedinthearticle. Breifly The universitychoir decidesto enter off-campus SingingCompetitorsinorder to betterits performance and helpthemusic programgrow.Themanin the conversationlikes thisplan.Firstly, hethinksthis changewillmotivate the singersin thechoir.Since otherschools? choirs arevery good,theuniversity choir has towork harder tocompete against them.So the universitychoirmay practicemore oftenthandiditbefore andthusbetterthe performance. Secondly,hesaysifthechoir goesto those off-campus events, therewillbe many studentslistening to themandifthestudentsfeel good,they may choose tocome to the universityandjoin theprogram.Therefore,themusic programwillgrow.
新托福TPO口语参考答案——TPO11
1.Talk aboutan interesting book you have read.Explain why you thoughtthe book was interesting. Give specific details and examples to explain your answer.
Recently,I read an interesting novel named “Keep the aspidistra flying”which iswrittenbyGeorgeOrwell. Ithinkit?sveryinterestingbecausein thestorythe
maincharacter?sexperienceissimilartomine.Themaincharacterwantstobe a poetwhile Iwant tobe a writer. He abandoned his well-paying job forhis dreamand Ialso quitmy jobfor my dream.He had a time when he was impoverished and Ialso experienced a time when Icouldn?tafford a lunch.He lives in a society where money talks and Ilive in a society where money is everything.So these similar experiences make me think the book interesting.
2.Some people think thatchildren should be allowed to watch whatever television programs they choose to.Others think thatparents should exercise control overthetelevision programs theirchildren watch.Which doyou agree with? Explain why.
Ithink parents should exercise control overthe television programstheir children watch. It?s a way ofprotection,since many shows are full ofviolentor horrifyingscenes.
Butchildrenarenotmatureenoughtobear thosescenes so they may feel terrified.Take myselfas an example,When Iwas 7-year-old,I
waswatchingTValoneathome.Iaccidentallyranintoahorrormovieandwas frightened by the horrible zombies in the movie.They eathuman beings and tearbodiesinto pieces.I was shocked by the bloody scenes.From then on,I started tobe afraid of darkness.Every timeIwalked alongthe streetin the evening,Iwouldfeelazombiefollowingme.Ididn?tgetridofthebadinfluence from that movie until high school.
3.The woman expresses heropinion aboutthe university' s plan.State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives forholding thatopinion.
The college is planning to renovate the dormitories in orderto attractmore students toremain oncampus.The woman thinks the plan is a mistake.The woman says that the constructions will create too muchnoise and will constantlydisturbstudentswhoarenowlivingoncampus. Soit?spossiblethat more students will choose to live off-campus.She also says that the new campus housing is going to cost more because the college plans to use the students? housing feestopayfor the renovations.So students won?tbe able to afford tolive on campus.They may still choose to rent an apartmentoff-campus.Sothecollegemaynotachieveitsgoaltoattractmorestudentsto remain on campus.
4.Explainwhy HenryDargerisconsideredan OutsiderArtist.
Accordingto the reading passage,outsider artists workin isolationand don?t getformalartistic training and they also inventtheirown ways ofdoing things. Therefore, theirworkmay look strange and can be very different fromother artists?.Accordingto the professor,HenryDargerlived by himself,had no friends andthus worked in isolation.Also，He neverreceived any formal training and his work is very unique.Dargerhad a hard time painting figures buthe managed to come up with his own method.He cutoutpictures of children fromnewspapers and pasted them on the painting.So his painting looks a little strange.It?s more cluttered andmore crowded with details than otherartists? paintings.Also because the entire space is painted,Darger?s painting is a lotlongerthan other artists?
5.The students discuss a problemand twopossible solutions.Briefly summarize the problem.Then state which ofthetwo solutions youpreferand explain why.
Theman has gota summer researchposition on campus buthe didn?tapply fora dorm roomfor the summer.And it?s too late to apply now.In the conversation,theytalk abouttwo possible solutions.The firstone is that the man can stay with his parents and commuteto campuseveryday. His parents will be happy to havehimhome and many old friends will come back home for the summervacation. Butit?s a little tiring to drive on the road.The second solution is to rentan apartmentnearcampus.Itsaves time and gas fee.But still the man has to pay for the rent.Well, I would recommend theman to choose the first solution.Since his parents are happy to live with himand he can meet many old friends,why notstay with his parents.Even ifit?s tiring to drive,he can save the money fortherent.
6.Using the points and examplesfrom the lecture,explain whatunity and contrastare,and how they makeinteriordesign more effective.
Inthe lecture,the professorsaysan effective design needs to balance unity and contrast. An easy way to achieve unity is to bring togethersimilar elements.Acommonpracticeisbymatchingcolors. For example, wecanpick green and use lightshade green forthe walls ,dark shade green for the sofa, and green forthe rug.When elements match,theroomis unified and gives senses oforderand comfort.But too much unity will make a room boring.So we need contrast to break the unity.Contrast serves todisruptunity in a careful andintentionalway.In orderto create colorcontrast,we need to change colors now and then.For example,we could putlightred cushion on the dark green sofa.Contrastmakes things stand out. Green will look greener nextto the red.But too much contrastwill make a roomfeel dizzy and chaotic. So an effective designmustavoid too much unity and too much contrast.
新托福TPO口语参考答案——TPO12
1.Whatisthemostefficienttypeoftransportationinyourcountry?Explainwhy you think itis efficient. Include specific reasons orexamples
Ithink airplaneis the mostefficienttype of transportation in my country because it?s fast and comfortable. It only takes me threehours to flyfrom
BeijingtoChongqing.Thissavesmealotoftime.IcangotoChongqinginthe morning and come back to Beijing in the evening.However,if I take train or bus,it?ll take me atleast20 hours.So it?s very fast totake planes. Also,every time I am on the plane, the flight attendantserves medelicious food and drink, all free ofcharge.Butin a train, the attendants aren?tvery hospitable and you have to pay forall thefood and beverage even though they aren?tofhigh quality.Sothat?s why I think taking plane is comfortable.
2.Somepeoplebelieveit'sessentialforaperson'seducationtolearntoplaya musical instrument. Others don'tbelieve music education is important. Which view do you agree with? Explainwhy.
Ithink it?s essentialfora person?s education to learn toplay a musical instrument. There aretwo reasons why Isayso.First,learning to play a musical instrumentcan give a person a way to express emotion.Forexample, Ihave a sisterwho can play the piano.Every time shewas happyor depressed,she?dplaythepiano.Second,learningtoplayamusicalinstrument makes a person artsyordevelopa person?s artistic talent.Artisticpeople are more sensitive than normal ones.They canfeel something thatothers can?tfeel.They can sense the emotions from whatnormal people think is a normal scene.For example,Beethoven can compose his Moonlightatnight.But I don?tthink anybody can make amoonlightatnight.
3.The woman supportsthe proposal described in the article.Explain why she thinks itwillachieve the university's goals.
The universityplans to expand college radios station?s broadcasting range so
astoattractmorestudentstoapplytoitsprogramandtoprovidetheuniversity with an extra source of revenue.The woman in the conversation thinksthis change willwork.Shesays currently the radio station range is limited tothe campus.Ifthey expand the range,there?ll be more programs.Alsothey will reach a largeraudience and this will give students moreexperience in the real life broadcasting and putthemina favorable position to find jobs. Besides,the woman says this change will benefitthe whole university.Since herfriend?s university started a similarchange five years ago and make a lot ofmoney out ofcommercials.They use the money to offer more scholarship andfund projectstorenovate new facilities.
4.Describe whatsubliminal perception is and explain how the experiment discussedby the professorillustrates this phenomenon.
Subliminal perceptionis a phenomenon thatthe perceptionofstimulus is just below the threshold ofconscious awarenessand itcan influence people?s thoughtand attitudes.The professorusesan experimentto illustrate this phenomenon.IntheexperimenttwogroupsofpeoplewereaskedtowatchTV. A picture flashed on the screen. Itappearsso fast that it?s barely noticeable. The picture is a boywith a birthday cake.But each group is shown to a slightly differentversion ofthepicture.One group isshown to a picture in which the boyisangryandtryingtothrowthecake.Theothergroupisshowntoapicture inwhichtheboyissmilingandtryingtoofferthecake. Later,thesetwogroups ofpeople were shown to a third picture in which the boy is holding the cake withoutanyexpressions.The people were asked to describe the boy?s personality.The result is thatthegroup that has seen the angry boy
describehimnegatively,whereas the group thathas seen the smiling boy described himpositively.
5.The speakers discuss two possible solutions to thewoman's problem. Briefly summarize theproblem.Then state which ofthesolutions you recommend and explain why.
The woman wonan award and isinvited to attend the award ceremony.But she?s gota
philosophyexamthatis scheduled to end at the time when the ceremony begins.There are twopossible solutions. The firstoneis to attend the ceremony after taking the philosophy examsince these ceremonies never startontimeandgivelongintroductions.Soshewon?tmissanythingimportant. Butshe thinks it?s a bitrisky andshe doesn?twantto miss being there when they announce hername.The second solution is talk to the professorand reschedulethe exam. Butthe professoralways reschedule the examearlier which means less studying time forthe woman.I think the woman had better choose the first solution.Since reschedulingexamwill reduce herstudying
time,thesecondsolutionwillprobablyharmherscore.Evenifit?spossiblethat she?ll miss the announcementof hername, she can still go to theaward after the exam.
6.Using the points and examplesfrom thetalk,explainhow substitute goods and complementgoods influence demand fora particularproduct
The demand ofa productcan beinfluenced by the price ofa related product. The firstkind related products are called substitute goods,goods thatcan be substituted forone and another.They are interchangeable so the increase in the price of one productmeans the increase in the demand foranother.Forexample,butterand margarine are interchangeable.If the price of buttergoes up,peoplewill buy margarine instead.So the increase inthe price ofbutter lead to the increase indemand formargarine. The second kind related products are called complementgoods,goods thatcan?tbe
used
withouteach
other.They
complementorcomplete
each
other.Forexample,compactdiscs and disc playerare complementproducts since they should always be used together.So ifthe price ofeither productincreases,thedemand forboth will decrease.Ifthe priceofCD goes up,the demand forCD will go down.Since CD playercomplements CD,thedemand forCD playerwill go down too.
新托福TPO口语参考答案——TPO13
1.Talk aboutagame,sport orothergroup activitythatis playedinyour country.Explainwhy you thinkthe activityisenjoyable.
Basketballisonegroupactivitythatis playedinmy country.It?s enjoyable because
peoplecanrelaxand get exercise fromplayingbasketball.Almost every communityinmy country has a basketballcourt and every afternoon adultsafterworkandchildrenafterschool
cometoplaytogether.Adults playto relaxand to getrid ofthetiringwork inthemorning,whilesomekids come to playfor fun andexercise.Somekids enjoy throwing ballsintothe basket. Some enjoy runningaround,dribblingandchasingthe onewith theball.
2.Whenlooking forinformationforaresearchproject,somestudents preferto
gettheirinformationmainly fromthe Internet.Others prefertomainly use printedmaterialssuch asbooks and academic journals.Whichdoyouprefer, andwhy?
I prefer to use Internettolook forinformationfor thefollowing tworeasons. First,it?s very fasttofind theinformation fromInternet.Since now we have many search engines suchas Google andBing,wejust need toinputkey words and theresultswillbelistedon thescreen.Fromtheresults,wecan always find theinformationrelatedto theresearch project.Second,Internet has waymoreinformation thandoprintedmaterials.Nearlyallprinted materialsnowhavee-version online.Withmay
scientificdatabases,wecan always findwhatwe need by title,authoror evencontent.So,whenwe are doingresearchproject, Internetis moreconvenientthanprintedmaterials.
I?llchooseprintedmaterialsratherthanInternet.Eventhough Internethasalot ofinformation,Ican?t findany useful information.For example,whenIwas doingaresearch project
aboutAsianHistory.Therewasn?tmuchrelated information availableonline.Alltheresultsfromsearch enginesordatabases onlygavemesomeintroductionsofAsianHistory.ButIneed todo deep research.SoIstopped using Internetandwenttolibrary tofindsome old printedmaterials.Guess what?Igotmany relevant booksandjournals.These printedmaterialsare old,sothey don?thavee-versionsonline.Butthey are precious,atleastformy researchproject.
3.Thewoman expresses her opinionaboutthe university'splan.State her opinion andexplainthereasons shegives forholding thatopinion.
The universityis planning tobuildanewathleticstadiumin order to attract more topstudents and tostrengthenitsrelationshipwith thetown.Thewoman doesn?t thinkit?llwork.Firstly,thewoman thinks some oftheconditions on campus are too badto attracttopstudents.For example,sciencelabs have outdatedequipment,library not enoughbooksandstudentcenter being too
small.Secondly,thewomansays thatsinceour teams always lose,peoplein the townrarely come towatch the games.Andit?simpossiblethattheteams improve overnight.Besides,addingseatswon?t
helpeither.Peoplein the town won?tcometostadiumjustbecauseitis bigger.Sobuildingthisnewstadiumis not goingtoimprove therelationshipwiththetown.
4.Explainwhatis meant by \PerceptualConstancyis our abilitytorecognize thesame objectinmany differentcontexts, evenifthe objectmay lookdifferentindifferentcontexts. Theprofessoruses two examples
toillustratethisability.Thefirst exampleis plate.Ifwe putaroundplatedirectlyatour face,itisa
perfectcircle.Butifwe putitinahorizontal position,itis nolongeracirclebut anoval.Stillwe recognizeitas thesame plate.The oval oneis notadifferentobject.EvenifIt looksdifferent,westillperceiveitas thesame.Thesecond exampleis the professorhimself.Helooks biggertothestudentsinthe frontrowthanthosein the back row.Ifastudentsitsin thefrontrowtoday andtheninthe backrow tomorrow,thestudentwillstillperceivehimas thesame professor,evenifto thestudenttheprofessor?s sizehas changed.
5.Thespeakers discuss two possiblesolutions to theman?s problem.Briefly summarize theproblem.Thenstatewhichsolutionyourecommend and explainwhy.
Themanis supposed todriveeveryonein theclubtoseean exhibition andhe borrowedhismom?s van.Buttheproblemis thatthevanbrokedown andcan?t berepairedintime.There aretwo
possiblesolutionsto thisproblem.First,he canrentavan.But hethinksit?s alittlerisky.Because only afewpeoplein the clubagree tocontributesomemoney to thevan,it?s possiblethatthemanwill havetopaymostofthe bill.Thesecondsolutionistopostponethetrip untilhis mom?s vanis in goodcondition.Butthemansays everyonewillbe disappointedifthey find outthatthey can?t goto the exhibitionwhen they are ready.Personally,Iwould recommend theman torentavan.Sincesome of thestudents have alreadypromised tosplittherent,thosewho haven?treplied willdefinitelyagree tocontributemoney to thevan.Eveniftheman has to pay most ofthe bill, hehas topay because heis the president and hehas the responsibilitytocompletehis task.
6.Using theexamplesoftheleafyseadragonand thecuttlefish,describetwo kindsofcamouflageand the benefitstheyprovide.
Someseaanimals havedevelopedcolors andshapes toresemble environmentalfeaturesin order toavoidpredators.For example,leafysea dragonhasleafyprotrusions sticking outlikearms.Its shape andcolor resemble thegreenseaplantssoitblendsinwell in the environment.Whenit is swimming throughgreenseaplants,predators havetroubleseeingit.But without greenplants,itscamouflagedoesn?t work.Another exampleiscuttlefish.Unlikeleafysea dragon,Cuttlefish?scamouflagecanworkanywhere. Itchanges color toblendinany environment. It has shifting pigments andcan changecolorinstantly.Ifitis swimming by thegreenseaplants,itscolorcan change togreen.Ifitis swimming by thebrownseafloor,itscolorchanges to brown.
新托福TPO口语参考答案——TPO14
1. Peopleenjoyreading many differenttypesofbooks suchasmystery, biography, romance, etc. Ofall thedifferenttypesofbooks that thereare. What typedo you mostenjoy? Explain why.
I enjoy biography most, becausereadingbiography tells mealifestory ofa greatperson.I gettoknowthe greatperson?sups anddowns duringhisorher lifeandhowhe orshemanaged togetthroughallthedifficulties.For example, thebiography ofSteveJobsrecounts howhewas kicked outofApple.But he continuedhiscareerinComputerScience and foundedPixarwhichcreated theworld-famous film,Toy.Besides,hewas invited back toApple andsaved Apple
byintroducingIpod.Ispeciallyenjoy this part of hislife,his greatsecond-coming.Igaininspiration fromhis experienceand frommany otherbiographies andthat?s why I enjoy readingbiography most.
2.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththestatement? Oneofthebestways to learnis by makingmistakes. Usespecific examples and details tosupport your opinion.
Itotally agreewiththisstatementthatmakingmistakes isoneofthe bestways
tolearn.Throughmistakes,wecanlearnwhatwe don?t understand.After understandingthe things we don?t knowpreviously,weimprove. Likeinhigh school I haddifficultysolvingmath problems.ButI always remembered the problems Icouldn?tsolve.Afterasking teachers anddiscussingwith classmates,Icouldwork outtheseproblemseasily.ThenIimproved.Also,
sometimesmakingamistakeislikelearningalesson. WhenI firstwenttoa westernrestaurant,I directly wentin tofindemptyseats.Fortunately,my American friend pulledme back and toldme thatIshouldwait untilawaiter comesbyandtakesmetotheseats.ImakeamistakebutI gainedknowledge.
3.Theman expresses his opinionabouttheproposal inthe newspaperBriefly summarize theproposal.Thenstate theman's opinion and explainthe reasons hegives for holding thatopinion.
Thewriterproposes that universityshouldallowstudentsto eatinthe classroomso
thatstudentscanconcentratebetter andcanhavein-class parties onthelastday ofclass.Theman doesn?t think theproposal is a good idea.Foritsfirstreason thatstudentscanconcentratebetter,Themansays it indeed helpsthepersonwho eatssnacks toconcentrate butothers willbe disturbedandinterfered by the eating noise.So otherstudentscan?t pay attentionwith
alltheeatingnoisearound.Foritssecondreason,Themansays it?s not appropriate tohave
partiesinthelastclass,becausethelastclassis veryimportant.Studentsdoreviews forthefinalexam.If they spendtimedoing other things,they won?t bewell-prepared.
4.Using theexample fromthelecture,explainthecomfortzonebias.
ComfortZoneBiasisa tendency thatwe prefer toremainincomfortable, familiarsituations ratherthanenterinto new, unfamiliarones.Thereasonis thatwe naturally preferwhatwe already knowandwantto avoidrisks.The professor takeshisfriendas anexample to explaincomfortzonebias.His friendalways wantedto beafilmreviewer, becausehis friendlovedtowrite aboutmovies.Sowhenhis friend graduated,his friendlooked forajob as a filmreviewer.But hecouldn?t findone.Thenhe took aposition asa news reporter,investigatingstories andwritingabout events.Atfirst, hewasn?t sure hewould begoodatthis but headjusted, gainedconfidence andbecamea pretty goodreporter.Aftera fewyears,hewas offeredajob to beafilmreviewerandthenewjobwouldactuallypay
himmore.Buthedidn?ttakeit.He turneditdown becausehe?d gotten usedtobeinga news reporter.Hedidn?t wantmakeachange becausechances are thatthe new jobmight notworkout.
5.Briefly summarize the problemthespeakers arediscussing.Thenstate whichsolutionyouwouldrecommend.Explainthereasons foryour recommendation.
Themanis worrying abouthishousingnextsemester, becausehis great roommateismoving offcampus.In theconversation,they talk abouttwo possiblesolutions.The firstoneis
waitingtheuniversitytoassignanew roommate to him.Buttheman thinks the newroommatemay havea different study habit. Like,themanis used tostudyinglate atnight.Whatifthe new roommatelikes togo tobedearly.Thenthiswillthrowoff theman?s study schedule.Thesecondsolutionis toliveinahouse offcampus with other students.Butthe thingis thehouseis very faraway fromthecampus.The man has to get upmuch earlier togettocampus ontime.Inmy opinion,the man had betterchoose
thefirstsolution,toletuniversity assigna newroommate for him.Chances arethatthe newroommate alsolikestostudylate atnight.Themanshouldn?t assume thatthe newroommatewillhavea completely differenthabit.Besides,living on campus is alotmoreconvenient thanliving offcampus.
6.Using theexamples oftheeeland theanglerfish, explain two types of adaptationsthathelp animals survivein the deepest parts ofthe ocean
Theprofessoruses twoexamples toillustratetwo adaptations that help
animalssurviveinthedeepestpartsoftheocean.The firstexampleisakindof eelfish.Thiseel fishhasbodyfeaturesthatallowittoeatpreylargerthanitself. It has anenormous mouth andastomach thatcan expand.Sowhenitcapturesabigprey,itgainsalotfood,alot ofnutrition.This allows eelfish to sustainverylongbeforeitfindanotherprey.Thesecondexampleisanglerfish. Anglerfish hasthe abilityto generatelight. Ithas alittlestructure onitshead which produceslightandglows inthe dark.Thelightis closeto thefish?smouth andmany otherfishesareattracted tothislight.So they swimstraight towarditandmakeit easier foranglerfish tocapturefood.
新托福TPO口语参考答案——TPO15
1.Peoplemakefriendsinmanydifferentways.Whatdoyouthinkis agoodwayto makenewfriends?Usespecificdetails andexamplesinyourresponse.
Ithinkattendinggroupactivityis agoodwaytomakenewfriends.Inagroupactivity, peopleusuallyhavesameinterests andtheyperform sometasks together,sothere?s a chancethatsomeofthegroupmembers needtocooperate.
Throughcooperation,peoplestarttoknoweachotherandthenmakefriends.Forexample,Ialways play basketballwithstrangers.Atthebeginning,Idon?tevenknowmyteammates?names. Butafterafewhours'cooperation,webecomefriends andstarttotalkabouteach
other.Sometimes,weevengotohaveamealafterplaying.Andactually,thisis howI makefriends.
2. Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement? It's importanttoremember andlearn fromthepast. Usedetails andexamples toexplain youropinion.
Itotally agreewiththisstatementthatit?simportanttoremember andlearn fromthe
past.Weallmakemistakes andweallhavetoremembermistakes. Becausemistakes tellus whatisn?t right.Forexample,whenIwas in thefirst gradeprimary school,Itook atoy car
fromanotherstudentwithoutinforming him.Iwas tooyoung toknowthattakingthings fromothers withoutmentioning isn?tright.Thenmy teacherhelped the otherstudentfind this toy car and labeledme as a thieve.Ididn?t realize howserious this matterwas untilmy fathertoldme thatthis was humiliating.IsworetomyselfthatIwould never take anything fromothers withoutinformingthe owners.Ithink thisisa valuablelessonand I?llrememberitforever.
3. Themanexpresses his opinionabouttheproposal inthestudent's letter. Brieflysummarizethe proposal. Thenstatetheman'sopinionabouttheproposaland explainthereasonshegives for holdingthatopinion.
Thewriter oftheletter proposes that university should paverunning trailsto increase theirsafety and alsomake themlook nicer.Themanin the conversation thinks the proposal is aterribleidea.As forthe thing about making trailssafer,themansays thewriter doesn?t think aboutthelong-term consequences ofrunningonahardsurface.It?s too hard onbones andjoints andcanlead toinjuries.Soit?s actually safertorunon thesoftsurface.About making trailslook nicer,theman doesn?t thinkpeoplewill likeit.Hesays the mainreasonwhy peopleenjoy the trails nowis that peoplecantakeabreak frombuildingsandstreetstofeelthe nature.Iftheuniversity pavethetrails,the trails willlook similarto buildingsandstreets.Thenpeoplewont? go thereany more.
4.Explainhowthe example fromthe professor'slectureillustrates the experimenter effect. ExperimenterEffect isa problemthatoccurswhenaresearcher?sexpectations affecttheoutcome ofthe experiment. In theexample,theresearcherwas
giventwogroupsofmonkeys.Hewasaskedtotrainthemtopickupaballand putitinabox.Thenherecordedhow many hoursittook to train eachgroupof monkeys tolearnto doso.Beforeexperiment, theresearcherwas toldthatone groupis moreintelligentthan theother.But actually they are all thesame. What's surprisingis thatittook theresearchertwo-hourless time to train the supposedly
moreintelligentgroupthanthesupposedlylessintelligentgroup. Thisis because theresearcherthought onegroupis smarter andwouldbe easier totrainsohesmiled to them, gave themencouragement and communicatedwiththemalot.However,theresearcherwasn?t very enthusiastic aboutthe other group,thesupposedlylessintelligentgroup.So theresearcher?s expectation actuallyinfluenced theresult oftheresearch.
5.Briefly summarize the problemthespeakers arediscussing. Thenstate whichsolutionyouwouldrecommend. Explainthereasons foryour recommendation.
Thewomanisinachoirand thechoiris goingto haveaconcertinahour.All thechoirmembers arerequired towearwhiteshirts andblack pants.Butthe womanspilledthespaghettialloverherwhiteshirt andshe doesn?t havetime to buy anothernewone.Thereare two possiblesolutions.Thefirst oneis towear anothershirtthat?s not exactly white.It?salittlecreamcolor.Butshe won?t belookingexactly same as othersandsome audiencemay be able to
tellthedifference.Thesecondsolutionistoborrowashirtfromherroommate. But herroommateis out oftown.And thewoman hates to take things without asking.Personally,Iwouldrecommend thewoman to borrowthewhiteshirtfromherroommate.Thewomancansendatextmessageorvoicemessageto herroommate toinformher.Sincetheconcertis going tostartinan hour,I thinkthewoman?s roommatewillunderstandheractionin this emergence.
6.Usingtheexamplesinthelecture,explainhowthepositionofbird's eyesis critical totheirsurvival. Theprofessor talks about howthe position ofbird?s eyes helpthemfindfood and avoidpredators.Some birdshave eyes thatface forward to theskull so thatthey canclearlysee andjudgedistance.They canfocus onthings with both eyesand accurately predictheight,widthand depth.For example, hawks position their eyesinthe front.They havesucha goodeyesightthatthey can spotatinymouseinafield fromhighin thesky.Whentheyspotamouse,they willswoop down
andcatchit.Sotheplacement oftheir eyes helpthemfind food.Some otherbirdshave their eyespositioned oneachsideoftheskullin ordertoavoidpredators.Theireyeson bothsideshelpthemwatchfordangers. For example,whena duckis eating grassandinsects,itis constantlylooking outfordanger frombothsides.Ifa foxisapproaching fromeitherside,theduck willflyand escape.So theplacement of ducks'eyeshelp themavoid predators.