语言朋友(71)
阅读理解
The first step in exercising for most people is determining whether or not they should.This is particularly true with anyone over thirty-five, especially if they have been heavy smokers.Likewise, young adults who have been very inactive should proceed slowly and with caution.A physical evaluation(评价)from a physician is recommended, preferably one that includes an exercise-stress test.While a person is exercising, a stress test detects cardiovascular(心血管的) problems that might not show up when the body is at rest.This is done by monitoring blood pressure, pulse rate, oxygen consumption, and the heart's electrical activity while exercising.
Whatever exercise program is selected, it is important to start with warm-up periods.These should include stretching exercises, jumping jacks, or active walking.The idea is to increase heart rate and circulation slowly without placing a sudden strain on the heart or the muscles that are starting to work.
The next phase in developing an exercise program is to determine the amount of exercise that is enough to condition the muscles and cardiovascular system without excessively exhausting
the body.This involves taking one's pulse and finding one's target zone.This target zone, or safe-training pulse rate, is established by subtracting one's age from 220 and then taking 60 percent to 80 percent of that total.If you are just starting to exercise, 60 percent is recommended; 80 percent is recommended if you are already in good condition.
解题导语：锻炼应注意些什么？怎样进行锻炼？作者给我们作了详细的说明。
1．Who is the intended reader of the passage? A．A social worker.
B．A physician who is in charge of physical checkups. C．Any would-be sportsman.
D．Anyone who wants to take up exercise.
解析：推理判断题。整篇文章是关于如何锻炼的，所以读者应该是想进行锻炼的任何一个人，故选D。
答案：D
2．What is NOT mentioned as a part of a stress test in Paragraph 1?
A．Watching the heart's electrical activity. B．Examining the blood pressure. C．Observing oxygen consumption. D．Increasing blood circulation.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“While a person is exercising, a stress test detects cardiovascular(心血管的) problems that might not show up when the body is at rest.This is done by monitoring blood pressure, pulse rate, oxygen consumption, and the heart's electrical activity while exercising.”可知选D。
答案：D
3．The underlined word “excessively”probably means________. A．slightly B．overly C．attentively D．physically
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段“determine the amount of exercise that is enough to condition the muscles and cardiovascular system”可知选B，这里是“超过”的意思。
答案：B
4．In order not to place much strain on the body, if you are a beginner and at the age of 45, the safe training pulse rate suggested would be ________．
A．105 B．220 C．140 D．175
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“This involves taking one's pulse and finding one's target zone.This target zone, or safe-training pulse rate, is established by subtracting one's age from 220 and then taking 60 percent to 80 percent of that total.If you are just starting to
exercise, 60 percent is recommended; 80 percent is recommended if you are already in good condition.”可知，220－45＝175；因为初学者的量为60%，所以175×0.6＝105，故选A。
答案：A
5．The author writes the passage mainly to recommend ______． A．that heavy smokers should quit smoking for the sake of their health
B．that we should do warm-up periods either before or after doing exercises
C．that young adults should live an inactive life instead of doing exercises
D．that we should take up physical exercises according to our physical condition
解析：写作意图题。根据全文内容可知作者建议我们要根据自己的身体状况进行锻炼，故选D。
答案：D
语法填空
Food market sees many changes.Fast food business 6.________ (develop) tremendously in the past 50 years.Nowadays people will see all kinds of fast food restaurants here and there, which 7.________ (clear) shows how closely it is related to our daily life.Most people believe that fast food business has become part of our life and its
development is good for 8.________society and people.
Firstly, the best thing about fast food is being fast.Now everyone lives a busy life, 9.________ time is the most valuable thing to us all.Fast food offers a most efficient way 10.________ (eat)．You will waste no time in waiting or choosing.Secondly, fast food restaurants provide us with a good environment 11.________ entertainment and study.Friends come here, chatting or playing cards; students come here, reading books or doing homework, and meanwhile you can enjoy a bag of chips and a bottle of cola 12.________ will bring more pleasure.Thirdly, youngsters can even find good opportunities of working practice 13.________ some fast food restaurants.Working experience helps them understand the society better and improve their communicating skills.
In many ways, we benefit a lot from 14.________ fast food business.Therefore, I think 15.________ helpful and important to our life.
解题导语：本文主要介绍了快餐业在社会生活中的作用。 6．解析：根据后面的时间状语“in the past 50 years”可知应用现在完成时态。
答案：has developed 7．解析：用副词修饰动词。 答案：clearly
8．解析：表示“两者都”用both。 答案：both
9．解析：前后是因果关系，故用so。 答案：so
10．解析：不定式作定语。 答案：to eat
11．解析：for表目的。 答案：for
12．解析：定语从句缺少主语，先行词指物，故用which/that。 答案：which/that
13．解析：介词短语作状语。 答案：in
14．解析：表特指。 答案：the
15．解析：it指代上句的“the fast food business”。 答案：it
8．解析：表示“两者都”用both。 答案：both
9．解析：前后是因果关系，故用so。 答案：so
10．解析：不定式作定语。 答案：to eat
11．解析：for表目的。 答案：for
12．解析：定语从句缺少主语，先行词指物，故用which/that。 答案：which/that
13．解析：介词短语作状语。 答案：in
14．解析：表特指。 答案：the
15．解析：it指代上句的“the fast food business”。 答案：it