定语从句
Module 1 Unit 1 Grammar and Usage
Attributive clause （定语从句1）
一、学习目标 【知识与技能】
1. 感知定语从句的概念、结构与引导词的用法。 2. 掌握关系代词who, whom, which, that, whose的用法。 【过程与方法】
通过朗读、比较、观察和思考，掌握关系代词who, whom, whose, which，that,的用法。 【情感态度与价值观】
通过学习定语从句，明白定语从句在阅读和写作中的重要性。 二、学习重点与难点
1. 感知关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that,的用法； 2. 灵活运用定语从句。 三、学习过程
Step 1 自学导入
学习任务：感知什么是定语从句 【学生活动】朗读下列短语和句子并填空
目的是先感知定语及定语从句的定义和结构、引导定语从句的关系代词以及它们在从句中充当的成份。 1.The red team （______________作前置定语） 2. The team in red （_______________作后置定语） 3. The team who are wearing red （___________________作定语） 【教师点拨】点拨定语的定义。
修饰名词或代词的词、短语称为定语。在复合句中修饰名词、代词，并由________________________引导的从句称为定语从句。
Step 2 典例导学
学习任务一：理解定语从句的相关信息。 【学生活动】划出并朗读书上(Page8)的定语从句
【教师活动】引导学生学习定语从句的相关信息，并做笔记。
1. 被定语从句修饰的词叫____________. 2. 引导定语从句的词叫______________.
关系代词: _________________________________________________. 关系副词：_________________________________________________. 【配套练习一】朗读下列句子并划出相关信息
1. The girls who are standing next to our teacher are outgoing. 2. The trees which are behind the office building have lost their leaves. 3. The students whom we saw just now is the best runner in our school. 4. It is no longer the small town that it used to be.
5. She has a brother whose name I can’t remember.
6. There is a mountain of which the top is always covered with snow.
学习任务二：了解定语从句中的关系代词
【学生活动】了解定语从句中的关系词；比较、分析表格信息，识记定语从句中关系代词在从句中充当的
各种成分。
【教师活动】引导学生分析关系代词在从句中的各种成分（以配套练习一的句子为例进行分析）
作用 连接
替代先行词 在从句中充当某一成分 关系词 作用
who √ 人 主语/ 宾语 关 whom √ 人 宾语 系 which √ 物 / 句子 主语/宾语/表语 代 that √ 人/ 物 主语/宾语/表语 词 whose √ 人 / 物 定语（whose+n= the+n +of + which/whom）
【教师点拨】关系代词在从句中充当_____________时可以省略。（如配套练习一中的句子__________________.）
【配套练习二】用正确的关系代词填空
【学生活动一】根据关系代词在从句中的各种成分，用关系代词填空 1. The womancan speak Russian got the job.
2. The teacher ________________we met yesterday will give us a talk. 3. This recorderhe is using is made in Japan.
4. I can’t find the book ____________is borrowed from the library. 5. She can’t find the book ________________you lent to me. 6. I met him______________ glasses were very beautiful in the street. 7. The book _________cover is green belongs to the school library. = The book ________ the cover is green belongs to the school library. 8. I used to study in a classroom ____________windows were all broken. 【教师活动】①先请两位学生报告答案②教师点评学生答案③指导学生做笔记 【学生活动二】大声朗读以上句子
Attributive Clause（定语从句2）
一、学习目标 【知识与技能】
1. 认识“关系副词”和“介词加关系代词”这一语法现象和概念； 2. 理解“关系副词”和“介词加关系代词”的相互替换规律； 3. 能正确进行“关系副词”和“介词加关系代词”的相互转换。 【过程与方法】
1. 通过复习旧知识，发现替换规律；
2. 通过观察和练习，理解“关系副词”和“介词加关系代词”的替换规律； 3. 通过练习，正确进行“关系副词”和“介词加关系代词”的相互替换。 二、学习重难点理解并掌握“关系副词”和“介词加关系代词”的相互替换。 三、学习过程
Step 1 自学导入
学习任务：感知介词加关系代词。 【学生活动】
一．把下列每组句子合并为含有定语从句的复合句。 1. The Maths teacher is the person. Igot an “A”from him. 2. Literature is a subject. Iknow little about the subject. 3. This is the play. We talked about the play just now. 4. I didn’t like the way. Shetalked tome in the way. 5. The way is interesting. He teaches Englishin the .way 二．朗读下列句子，并观察句子
1. We thought you were a person from whom we could expect good decisions. 2. The money with which you were to buy dog food is gone. 3. The manwith whose son I went to climb the mountain was very sick. 【总结归纳】
1.定语从句中可以用适当的介词加关系代词:________/_________/_________. 2.先行词充当_____________的宾语。
Step 2 典例导学
学习任务一：掌握“介词加关系代词”的定语从句中介词的选择方法
【学生活动一】完成下列练习，归纳常见的介词，介词位置及介词的选择。 (1) I know the excellent teacher whom we learn a lot. (2) I remember the year _______ which I stayed here.
(3) The boy has a pair of glasses which he can see everything clearly. 【总结归纳】
介词选择的方法：从句中_________固定搭配的介词;
从句中_________固定搭配的介词;
根据______________________________ 。 【配套练习】用适当的介词填空。 whom everyone likes to make friends. She is the girl whom I bought a present. whom I went shopping last week.
任务二：掌握定语从句中介词后的关系代词的选择方法 【学生活动】观察下列句子，注意介词后的关系代词。 The girl with whom the teacher talked is Lucy.
。
The subject of which he is fond is English.
Dad is a person whom/that/who I can easily talk to. 【教师点拨】
介词的位置与关系代词的选择：
介词后的关系代词为：表人用__________, 表物用____________. 介词放定语从句句末时，可用___________________替换 whom. 可用___________________替换 which. 【配套练习】综合运用适当的“介词+关系代词”填空。 1. Is this the car___________ you paid a high price?
2. The two things __________Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms. 3. The factory ___________ his father works is far away from my hometown.
学习任务三：掌握way作先行词并在定语从句中作状语时的情况 【学生活动】朗读句子，识记并掌握way 作先行词的关系词。 1) I don’t like the way (that/ in which) she talked to me. 2) The way (that/ in which) he teaches English is interesting.
【教师点拨】当先行词是the way 且在从句中作_________时，定语从句用_____ , ______引导，而且通常也可以_________。
学习任务四：掌握关系副词 when, where, why 【学生活动】
一．合并句子(把下列句子合并为含有定语从句的复合句) 1.This is the house. I bought the house last year. 2. This is the house. I lived in the house last year.
3. Do you remember the day? We left you in charge on the day. 4. Do you remember the day? We spent together.
5. I don’t know the reason. The house is so dirty for the reason.
6. Give me a reason. The reason is different from the one you give me last time. 二．朗读句子，理解3个关系副词。
1) Do you remember the day when we left you in charge? 2) Is Shanghai the city where he was born?
3) I don’t know the reason why the house is so dirty.
【教师点拨】先行词表时间，地点，原因，在从句中作状语，可用关系副词_________________________. 【配套练习一】用恰当的关系副词填空。
1. The reason he was late was that he got up too late.
2. I’ll never forget the day I became a high school student. 3. This is the place we stayed last summer.
【配套练习二】对比练习：用恰当的关系代词或关系副词填空。
1) I will always remember that afternoon __________the earthquake happened.
I will always remember that afternoon __________we spent together on the farm. 2) His father works in a factory ___________ radio parts are made.
His father works in a factory ___________ makes radio parts.
3) I want to know the reason ___________Mary explained to you for her absence. I want to know the reason ___________ Mary was absent from school. 4） I am fond of the way he does with the growing pains. I am fond of the way was explained to the teenagers. 【总结归纳】
当先行词在意义上相当于表示地点、时间、原因的名词，如place、time、reason等，同时又在从句中作________时，定语从句常用关系副词_______, _________, ________引导。 如果表示地点、时间、原因的名词及the way 在定语从句中不作状语，而是________、________或_______时，定语从句须用关系代词________或______引导。
学习任务五：关系副词与介词加关系代词及综合运用
【教师活动一】指导学生了解关系副词与介词加关系代词的转换。 【学生活动一】朗读下列三个句子，注意划线的引导词。 1) It was June 25,2009 when/on whichJackson died.
2) Guangzhou is the place where/in which the 16th Asian Games will be held. 3) This is the reason why/for whichmy parents got home earlier. 【教师点拨】
关系副词when, where可以转换成“介词+关系代词：________”的形式。 关系副词why可以转换成“__________”的形式。
【教师活动二】指导学生综合运用所学知识完成以下配套练习。
【学生活动二】用适当的关系代词、关系副词或“介词+关系代词”填空。 【配套练习】
We will forever remember the day “5.12” the Wenchuan big earthquake broke out on. 1)We will forever remember the day “5.12” the Wenchuan big earthquake broke out.
We will forever remember the day “5.12” the Wenchuan big earthquake broke out. That’s the reason he was late for school for. 2) That’s the reason he was late for school.
That’s the reason he was late for school.
The school we are studying in is No. 1 Middle School. 3)The school we are studying is No. 1 Middle School.
The school we are studying is No. 1 Middle School.
Non-restrictive attributive clauses
（非限制性定语从句）(3)
一、学习目标 【知识与技能】
①掌握“非限制性定语从句”和“as / which引导的非限制性定语从句”这一语法 现象和概念； ②区分“非限制性定语从句”和“限制性定语从句”；
③能正确运用all/most/half/ some/both… + of which/whom表整体与部分的用法。 【过程与方法】
①通过复习旧知识，发现替换规律；②通过观察和练习，理解“限制性定语从句”和
“非限制性定语从句” 区别；③通过练习，正确运用“非限制性定语从句” 二、学习重点正确运用“非限制性定语从句”和“as / which 引导的定语从句”。 三、学习过程
Step 1 自学导入
学习任务：回顾关系代词与关系副词的用法，并做出正确的选择。
【学生活动1】用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成下列练习，朗读、比较句子。 1. The girl took the weight-loss pills is dying to be thin. 2. The teacher we met yesterday will give us a talk. 3. These are the pills caused Amy’s liver to fail.
4. The weight-loss pills Amy took contain harmful chemicals.
5. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. 6. You will have some spare time you can do something on your own.
7. All the neighbors admire this family the parents are treating their child like a friend. 8. This is the reason Tony didn’t attend the English speech contest.
9. In only a short time, computers have changed the way many kinds of work are done. 【学生活动2】朗读下列句子，并与1—9九个句子相比较，得出结论。 10. Amy, who took weight-loss pills, now realizes that health is important.
11. My mother, whom you met last year, keeps telling me not to take weight-loss pills. 12. I’m taking weight-loss pills, which are quite popular among young women here. 13. My cousin, whose body is slim, still wants to lose some weight. 14. We’ll put off the outing until next month, when Amy feels better. 15.My pills are in the bedroom, where I always keep them. 【学生归纳】
请根据活动一、活动二的练习，归纳你的发现是： 1、 2、
【教师点拨】
1.定语从句分为定语从句和定语从句两种。限制性定语从句与先行词 之间一般不加；非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常用分开。 2.非限制性定语从句的关系词
关系代词：_______________ __________ __________ __________。
关系副词：___________ ___________, ， 不能引导非限制性定语从句。 3.非限制性定语从句中不能省略。
Step 2典例导学
学习任务一：分析思考，掌握as /which 引导的非限制性定语从句 【学生活动1】体会下列句子，归纳用法 1. He missed the show, was a great pity.
2. Jimmy succeeded in achieving his degree, made his father very happy. 3. He failed in the exam, , of course, made his parents angry.
4. The 16th Asian Games was held in Guangzhou and attracted a lot of foreign tourists, , I think, turned to be a success.
5. After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision. 6. Tom drinks a lot every day, his wife doesn’t like at all.
【学生归纳】 。 【学生活动2】朗读下列句子，归纳用法
1. As is said, Amy has lost 7kg in the last two months.
2. As is reported in today’s newspaper, a big fire took place in Shanghai on November, 15,2010. 3. As is expected, Amy won the first place in the sports meeting. 4.As is known to all, China is a developing country. 5.As we can see, Amy’s English has improved a lot. 归纳：
【配套练习】用所学的as/which完成下列练习
1. is known to all, the 2010 World Cup is held in South Africa. 2.He made the same mistakes again, made his parents very angry. 3.has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. 4.He was lying, made his boss very angry.
5.No matter what I do, my efforts to study always end in failure, I can’t understand. 【教师点拨】
as和which的共同之处： ① ② ③
as的区别： ① ② ③ which ① ② ③
【学生活动三】请完成下列练习，回顾用法
1. These are such growing pains we all experience. 2. It’s so difficult a problem as no one can work out. 3. She wore the same hat you wore yesterday. 【学生归纳】：。 【巩固练习】
1) This is the same dictionary I lost last week, so I didn’t take it away This is the same dictionary I lost last week, so I took it away
2) The teacher gave us so difficult a problem ___ we couldn’ t solve. The teacher gave us so difficult a problem ___ we couldn’ t solve it.
3) ____ is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two countries are making progress. ____ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress . is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two countries are making progress. A. It B. As C. That D. What
学习任务二：分析思考，理解all/some/any/half of which/whom引导的定语从句，表整体与部分的关系，并
掌握其用法。
【学生活动一】完成下列句子并观察下列句子，并归纳语法现象。 1. He told two stories, either of are about the famous Long Match
2. The students of Class 1, some of came from Japan, went camping yesterday. 3. Many students in this school, some of are not overweight, are going on diets. 4. There are 54 students in my class, of ten come from US.
5. Half a million pairs of shoes are produced every year, 80% of are sold abroad. 6. I have many friends in this town, none of are actress.
7. I do different types of exercise, all of are quite helpful to my health. 【学生归纳】。
【学生活动二】观察下列句子，并归纳定语从句与并列句的区别 I have two brothers, neither / either of______is a doctor. 1 I have two brothers, but neither / either of______is a doctor. I have two brothers; But neither / either of______is a doctor I asked him to concentrate on English study, ____didn’t work
2 I asked him to concentrate on English study, but____didn’t work. I asked him to concentrate on English study; ____didn’t work. 【教师点拨】
① 判断并列句的标志：一个句子前有, , ,______或两个分句之间有________。 ② 确定为并列句后，用代词代替前一个句子。 【配套练习】
1) Last week, only two people came to look at the house, both of wanted to buy it. Last week, only two people came to look at the house and both of wanted to buy it. Last week, only two people came to look at the house ; both of wanted to buy it. A. whom B. them C. those D. who
2) Luckily, we’d brought a map，without ____ we would have lost our way
Luckily, we’d brought a map and without ____we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. this D. which
定语从句（4）
定语从句的考查要点 一、复习目标
1. 掌握定语从句的考点。
2. 掌握在不同语境中正确选择关系词的方法与技巧。 二、复习重难点
1. 掌握定语从句的基本用法。
2. 掌握在不同语境中正确选择关系词的方法与技巧。 三、复习课时 4个课时 四、复习过程
定语从句的考查要点
【教师活动】帮助学生了解定语从句的主要考点。 1.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句； 2.定语从句中关系词的选择； 3. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句； 4.定语从句与并列句的区别；
考点一、关系代词与关系副词的选择
【学生活动】用正确的关系代词和关系副词填空。
1. I’ll never forget the day ____________I became a college student.
I’ll never forget the days ___________we spent together last summer. 2. His father works in a factory ___________ radio parts are made.
His father works in a factory ___________ makes radio parts.
3. I want to know the reason _________Mary explained to you for her absence. I want to know the reason ___________ Mary was absent from school .
4. The house ___________doors and windows are pink belongs to the Whites.
【教师点拨】（若先行词在从句中作_________，用关系副词，这时关系副词等同于“___________”。 作____________成分时，用关系代词:which/that/who/whom. 作定语时，用关系代词:__________.
【巩固练习】运用教师点拨的方法完成下列巩固练习.
1. We are living in an age_______many things are done on computer. I will never forget the age _______we spent together in living a hard life. A. what
B. that
C. whose
D. when
2. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.
I have visited a supermarket _______stays open until 12:00pm. A. how
B. which
C. where
D. who
3. Everyone wants to understand the reason _______the amazed people have changed the world through
their thoughts and actions.
I don’t know the reason ______he explained to me for being out of work. A. why
B. for that
C. that
D. how
4. Is that spaceship _______the aliens did research on Justin? Is that the spaceship_______ the aliens did research on Justin?
A. where A. which price
B. the one where C. which B. the price of which
D. the one that D. the price of whose D. what
5. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ___________ was very reasonable.
C. its price
6. Einstein, ______ life was hard, made amazing inventions.
A. whose B. for whom C. which
【教师点拨】教师点拨第四小题解题方法：______________________________________.
考点二、关系词的特殊用法 1. 只能用that 的情况：
(1) 当先行词是表物不定代词all, a lot, (a) little, few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing等
词时。 (2) 当先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时。
(3) 当先行词被all, any， every ，no, much, little, few等限定词所修饰时。 (4) 当先行词被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时。 (5) 当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时。 (6) 当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。 (7) 当句中已有who时，为避免重复
【配套练习】朗读下列句子并划出只能用that的词. 1. All that can be done has been done.
2. In this factory I saw little / much that was different from ours. 3. The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets. 4. Is that the best that you can do? 5. This is the very book that I want to find.
6. The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the Children’s Palace. 7. Which is the car that killed the pig? 8. Who is the man that is talking to John?
2. 以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句（在从句中作方式状语）通常以in which或 that或省去 【配套练习】运用解题方法完成下列练习
①The possible way __________ he spoke to us was suspicious.
②I don’t like the way __________ you explained to her.
3. as 和which引导非限制性定语从句指代整个句子的用法。 相同点：
两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，先行词都可指整个句子并在从句中作主语、表语、宾语，有时可 以互换，
The meeting was put off, ________was exactly what we wanted. 区别:
(1) such, so, the same+that/as的句型。 【学生活动】用正确的关系代词填空
① It is such an interesting book ____________ we all wanted to read. It is such an interesting book __________we all wanted to read it.
② This is the same dictionary____________ I lost last week, so I didn’t take it away. ③ This is so big a stone____________they couldn’t move it. 试比较：This is so big a stone ____________they couldn’t move.
【教师点拨】当先行词前面有so, such, the same修饰时，缺成分用_______, 不缺成分用__________. 【学生活动三】识记下列规则并体会例句。
(2) as在非限制性定语从句中作主语时，常见结构为：As be known/said/ reported/announcedetc. As is expected, China will be a developed country.
(3)当非限制性定语从句位于句首时，引导词用as而不用which。例如： ① As everyone knows, all that glitters is not gold.
②Asis often the case, we have worked out the production plan. (4)当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which. Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry. (5)当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；当两句语义不一致或从句为否定时，用which. He made a long speech, as was expected. He made a long speech, which was unexpected. 【巩固练习】运用以上规则完成练习。
1. We had hoped to give you such a chance _______________nobody else ever had. A. that A. that
B. which B. which B. Which
C. as C. as C. As
D. it D. it D. Whose
2. It rained hard yesterday, ________prevented me from going to the park. 3. ________is reported, Yetis are heavily built and hairy. A. Who
4. _______is required in the regulations, you shouldn’t tell other people the password of your e-mail account. A. As B. What C. It D.Which
考点三、“介词+whom/which”引导定语从句的现象
关系代词whom和which在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，可将介词置于关系代词之前，构成“介词+whom/which”引导定语从句。
【学生活动】用正确的 “介词+whom/which”填空。
1. The two things ___________ they felt proud were Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair. 2. The boy___________ I want to make friends is a naughty boy. 3. The boy pointed to the direction ___________ he would run.
4. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry，___________there won’t be much work. 【教师点拨】点拨选择介词的方法：1.__________________________________________. 2.__________________________________________. 3.__________________________________________. 【巩固练习】运用教师点拨的方法完成下列巩固练习。
1. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _______we gave some bells and glasses. A. to which A. which A. who
B. to whom B. whose B. that
C. with whom C. in which
D. with which D. with which D. from whom D. from which
2. We went through a period _______ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. 3. He is a man of great experience, _______ much can be learned.
C. from which C. of which
4. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread further, _______ New York is an example. A. for which
考点四、定语从句的谓语动词与先行词保持一致 【学生活动】根据考点四的方法完成下列练习
1. He is the only one of the volunteers ___________been to Haidi. A. who was B. who has C. who have
D. who had
B. in which
2. He is one of the athletes ___________ praised by the government at the meeting. A. whom had B. who have been C. whom was D. who has been 3. I, ___________your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A. who is B. who am C. that is A. anyone who
B. whom
C. who
D. what is D. those who
4. The employers often give the job to______they believe have work experience with a strong sense of duty. 【教师点拨】当先行词被the only one of修饰时，从句的谓语动词用__________.
当先行词被one of修饰时，从句的谓语动词用_________________.
考点五、分隔式定语从句
【教师活动】引导学生了解分隔式定语从句的概念：
当定语从句同它所修饰的先行词分开时叫做分隔式定语从句。分隔式定语从句主要有以下两种情况： 1.定语从句和被修饰的先行词之间插入某些词语，大多数情况下是两个定语修饰，其中一个不得不与被修饰词分开。
【学生活动】朗读下列句子并找出先行词和插入语
①It was reported that there was no one in this village who died of cancer.
②That is the very book the famous psychologist recommended that is suitable for the children. 2.有时为了句子的平衡匀称，定语从句与被修饰的先行词分开。 ①The days will never come back again when people led a hard life. ②He laughs best who laughs last. 【巩固练习】
1. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ______, of course, made the others envy him . A. who
B. that
C. what
D. which
2. Occasions are quite rare_________I have the time to spend a day with the kids.