A. rotation B. suspension C. emission D. motivation
As a good photographer, you must develop an awareness of the world around you and the people who ____ it.
A. innovate B. inhabit C. integrate D. inherit
4． 固定搭配：动词与介词或副词的搭配，形容词与名词的搭配等。
Not all persons arrested and ____ with a crime are guilty, and the main function of criminal courts is to determine who is guilty under the law.
A. sentenced B. accused C persecuted D charged
If you are a member of a club, you must _____ to the rules of that club. A. conform B. appeal C. refer D. access
V. 词汇部分的主要词类及要点
在词汇考试中，考生应该重视主要词性及其要点，如名词、动词、形容词和副词。
名词：名词是词汇考试的一个重要组成部分；考生应注意名词在不同的语境中所体现的不同含义和用法，同时需通过练习熟悉这批名词，以及了解名词的外延和内涵和一定量的同义词。
1、除了英语本族语及少量外来语等拼写简单的名词外，名词多数是由希腊及拉丁词根加上前缀、后缀构成。大量的名词后缀是表示性质、状态和行为的。参见III. e. 掌握构词法之名词后缀及成绩词根。
2）名词的复数
(1) 以-f结尾的名词，构成复数时只加-s，如：
cliffs（悬崖）gulfs（海湾）proofs（证据）safes（保险箱）
有些-f结尾的名词可有两种复数形式。如： dwarf—dwarfs—dwarves（侏儒） hoof—hoofs—hooves（蹄）
(2) 源自拉丁语、希腊语及法语的一部分外来词的复数形式仍然保留不变。 1）来自拉丁语的：
stratum / strarta（地层） larva / larvae（昆虫的幼虫） stimulus / stimuli（刺激） bacterium / bacteria（细菌）
2）来自希腊语的：
analysis / analyses（分析） hypothesis / hypotheses（假设） synopsis / synopses（概要，大意） thesis / theses（论文，论题）
criterion / criteria （标准） phenomenon / phenomena（现象）
(3) 一些外来词兼有原有复数形式和英语规则复数形式。
外来词 原有复数形式 英语规则复数形式
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syllabus（拉） syllabi syllabuses（大纲, 课程表） medium （拉） media mediums（媒体） symposium（拉） symposia symposiums（研讨会）
(4) 复合名词的复数形式
1）daughter-in-law / daughters-in-law（儿媳） 2）looker-on / lookers-on（旁观者）
3）stand-by / stand-bys（可依靠的人或物）
(5) 一些名词的单复数意义不同。
anxiety（焦虑）/ anxieties（令人忧虑之事） security（安全）/ securities（证券，债券） kindness （善意）/ kindnesses（善行）
(6) 有些名词的复数形式兼有单数形式的意义和新的意义。
letter字母；信 letters 字母；信 / 文学，学问 manner方式，方法 manners方式，方法 / 礼貌 pain 痛 pains 痛 / 努力 colour 颜色 colours 颜色 / 军旗
名词练习：
1. With more terrorist attacks and a war against Iraq on the horizon, the top _____ for
NATO isn’t enlargement, but transformation: in the post-Sept.11 world, what exactly is NATO for?
A. secret B. priority C. minority D. majority
2. The Germans have agreed to take the _______ in putting together a group of European
countries to lease large transport planes. A. lead B. leader C. leadership D. led
3. There are far more hospitable places than the Red Cross ________center in Sangatte. , in
northern France.
A. refugee B. immigrant C. emigrant D. braggart
4. When the ______ police finally moved into the church, the migrants did not fight. but
filed obediently into buses waiting to ferry them to local police stations. A. primitive B. savage C. riot D. barbarian
5. In press conferences and on TV talk shows, Gore has attacked not just the presidential
________, but most members of the current government. A. cabinet B. ministers C. officials D. executive.
6. The book was declared to be a/an ______ to the community by the angry local people.
A. offender B. officer C. offense D. guidance
7. There are few tanks better armored these days than most celebrities, who are fully
prepared to defend themselves from all ________ of the public to see any side of them but the faces they want the public to see.
A. attention B. temptation C. perception D. attempts
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8. Because Twain’s songs are aimed at a mass audience, they are built with the same focus
on and inoffensiveness as a political________.
A. marshal B. election C. campaign D. hierarchy
9. The movie Fellowship turned out to be the second highest grossing film of 2001 and was
honored with 13 Oscar _________, including Best Picture. A. awards B. nominations C. nominators D. dominoes
10. I have got an autographed photo from Robert Lange, producer of seven of the 100 best
selling _______ of all time in MTV.
A. volumes B. DVDs C. records D. albums 动词:
动词的测试重点：1) 动词的认知能力和辨别能力；2) 动词的用法；3) 动词的搭配关系。在考试大纲的词汇表中，约有五分之一是动词。因此，掌握好这批词汇直接关系到考试成绩。 1. As a result, they had to __________ answering their letter by three days. A. decide B. refrain C. surpass D. delay
2. The diplomatic relations between the tow countries have _____________. A. ticked away B. gone out C. broken off D. rung up
1) 动词不规则词型变化
有一定数量的动词，其过去时和过去分词与原形不同。这部分词汇在测试中起到较强的干扰作用。在4000多词汇中类似动词较多，以下仅举部分例子： 动词原形 过去时 过去分词 abide 遵守 abode, abided abode, abided arise 升起 arose arisen awake 唤醒 awoke awoke, awaken bid 表示 bade, bid bidden bid breed 繁殖 bred bred cast 投、掷 cast cast creep 爬 crept crept dwell 留居 dwelt, dwelled dwelt, dwelled forbid 禁止 forbade, forbade forbidden
2) 动词词型相近，词义不同
compliment vt. 赞美 He is complimented for his fine work.
complement vt.补充 They need to complement the factory with more workers.
affect vt. 影响 award vt. 授予、给予 effect vt. 产生、引起 reward vt. 奖赏、报答
adapt vt. 使适应 contract vt. 缔结、订约
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adopt vt. 采用 contact vt. 使接触，
compress vt. 挤压 confirm v. 证实 comprise vt. 包括 conform v. 符合
inquire vt. 打听、询问 compel vt. 强迫、迫使屈从 require vt. 要求、命令 impel vt. 促成、推动
ensure vt. 保证、担保 rescue vt. 援救、营救 insure vt. 给...保险 secure vt. 保护、使...安全
extinguish vt. 熄灭 respect vt. 尊重 distinguish vt. 区别，辨别 suspect vt. 猜想
3) 动词词义相近，用法不同 arrive vi. 该动词后面需采用 at, in, on 等介词。He arrived in Beijing yesterday. reach vt. 该动词为及物动词，直接跟宾语。 They reached the village yesterday. insist v. insist 后面需用介词on He insisted on going to the hospital tomorrow. persist v. persist 后面需用介词 in He persisted in working on this experiment.
consist vt. 这个动词一般用于主动态 This class consists of forty students.
compose vt. compose 常用于被动语态 This country is composed of ten nations.
4) 动词后需用动名词
有一批动词的后面只能使用动名词。在词汇考试部分中，有时要求考生能够正确判断动词的这一用法。这类常见动词有： band enjoy complete imagine consider deny practice acknowledge anticipate avoid delay envy escape miss mind risk appreciate favor facilitate postpone quit resent resume include permit involve admit favor
deny
例：He will consider giving us a chance to do the experiment. resume permit
5) 动词后需用不定式
英语动词中，还有一些动词的后面只能使用不定式。这类常见动词有： afford refuse decide seek
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agree care decide learn expect intend pretend promise manage presume desire consent prepare resolve undertake
consented decided
例：She refused to offer her help. agreed intended
6) 动词后可用动名词或不定式
还有一些动词的后面即可以使用动名词也可以使用不定式。常见这类动词有： continue dislike prefer begin like remember propose continue remember deserve regret intend neglect attempt forget
7) 动词固定搭配
动词的固定搭配是英语测试中的一个很重要的项目。动词的搭配关系主要反映在动词与介词，动词与名词的关系上。下面分两组做一简单的介绍： 1) 动词与介词的搭配
bring about 产生，引起 bring forward 提出，提议 break out 逃出，爆发 break through 突破，突围 carry off 夺取，夺去 come by 得到，获得 get across 使人了解 get at 够得着
2) 动词与名词的搭配
arrive at a conclusion 得出结论 take into consideration 考虑到 commit a crime 犯罪 make a decision 决定，果断 reach an agreement 达成协议 break one’s promise 违约 take action 采取行动 keep balance 保持平衡
3) 动词与名词和介词的搭配 make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉 make comments on sth. 评论谋事 hold an inquiry into sth. 对某事进行调查 express sympathy for 对某人表示慰问
动词练习：
1. Doctors from Boston’s Brigham and Women’s Hospital showed that a simple blood test,
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词汇部分辅导
I．词汇量要求：
1． 领会式掌握4250个英语单词和500个常用词组；
2． 复用式掌握1800个左右的常用英语单词和200个常用词组；
3． 掌握一定数量的常用词缀，并能根据构词法和语境意思识别常见的派生词。
II. 词汇部分的考试形式及重点：
形式：单句选择填空，要求考生从四个选项中选出一个最佳答案填入空格中。题量共有10道，每道题0.5分，共5分。
重点：是对名词、动词、形容词、短语及固定搭配的判断和理解，其中包括区分同义词、近义词、反义词等。如：
In order to _____ your goals, you must work hard. A. make B. achieve C. require D. develop
As they can’t afford to let the situation get worse, they will take some necessary _____. A. decisions B. sides C. directions D. steps
The first, second, and third prizes went to Jack, Tom and Harry ______. A. equally B. differently C. similarly D. respectively
III. 单词记忆方法： a. 通过阅读记单词 b. 通过做练习题记单词
c. 通过联想方式记单词: 邻近联想:lightening-thunder-storm; winter-freeze- snow-frost;
spring-blossom-awake; 类比联想: result-effect-impact; because of, on account of, due to; 对比联想: stupid-clever-smart; advance-backward等.。 d. 分类记忆单词：根据单词的词性、词义、读音等方式将单词分类。如按意义分类：vehicle,
truck, jeep, taxi 等。按单词词性分类：reduce, decline, decrease, fall, drop等。 e. 掌握构词法：如，前缀、后缀、词根。
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前缀： anti- Auto- bi- bio- co-, col-, com-, con-, cor de- di-, dif-, dis- en-, em- ex- extra- il-, im-, in-, ir- ab im-，in- inter- kilo- mid- Mini- mis- mono- multi- non- over- post- pre- re- sub- super- tele- trans- tri- un- under- vice-
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反、抗 自 双 生命，生物 共同 anti-war Automobile Bicycle Biology cooperate coordinate colleague 除去，否定；离开 decrease delete 无，不，相反 使成为 前；向外 外 不，非 进入 间，相互 千 中 小 误 单一 多 非，不 过度，太；外 后于 先于 再 下，次 上，超 远 横贯，转移 三 不，无 在?下，次 副 disappear discharge discount discourage discover enable encourage enforce enlarge entitle exchange exclaim exclude express export extraordinary illegal impossible incorrect irregular abnormal import invade Interact interview internet kilogram kilometer midday midnight minimum misunderstand mislead monologue multiple multiply nonsense overflow overcoat postgraduate prescribe prescription predict prepair react reaction recall recover recycle reform refresh repay renew replace reserve restore retreat subsequent substitute subway supermarket telegram telephone telescope television transform transport transportation transmit triangle unforgettable unfair uneasy unfortunately unfortunate unlike unusual underground undergraduate vice-president 名词后缀： -an -ian -ee -er -or -ant -ent -ist -ance -ence -age -al -cion -sion –tion -hood -ing -ity -ment 人 人（被动） 人 Arabian Asian Australian Canadian Christian Italian musician librarian physician politician Russian technician employee refugee daughter owner lawyer trainer barber butcher singer carrier actor ancestor bachelor conductor director senator operator sponsor writer assistant correspondent immigrant activist artist novelist nationalist physicist psychologist tourist acceptance acquaintance allowance appearance conscience resistance insurance nuisance appliance 人 人，主义者 性质，状态 voyage advantage baggage courage garbage shortage luggage 状态，集合 表示行为、状态 构成抽象名词， approval arrival interval removal 动作，状态 comprehension depression desperation invention invasion modernization permission possession suspicion tension transmission industrialization childhood neighborhood being beginning ending spelling curiosity personality reality agreement appointment argument arrangement monument movement parliament payment replacement requirement settlement treatment goodness illness psychology technology friendship hardship leadership membership ownership relationship scholarship truth warmth width liberty specialty 身份，性质，时代 行动，行业，?的 抽象名词 运动 -ness -ology -ship -th -ty 性质，状态 学科 状态，性质 结果，过程 抽象名词
动词后缀： -en -ify -ize
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做，使，成为…，fasten harden lengthen loosen threaten widen weaken strengthen 使变成… …化，使成为…，clarify identify justify qualify specify 变成… …化，照…样子做 characterize specialize industrialize civilize realize
形容词后缀： -able, -ible, -ble -al -ed -en -ful 能够…，值得… acceptable available comparable favorable honorable liable noticeable reliable responsible unbelievable …的，行为，人，annual casual classical continual conventional critical experimental identical optional 物 …的 accustomed advanced ashamed beloved complicated crowded learned limited naked situated 做，使，…的，golden harden hasten loosen weaken wooden woolen 人 …的 doubtful colorful faithful fearful fruitful grateful hopeful peaceful plentiful thoughtful -ic，ical …的，人，…学 academic artistic economic electronic heroic optimistic organic systematic practical statistical -ish -ive -less -like -ly -ous，-ious -y …的，有…性质的 …的，人，物 如…的 …的，…地 …的 …的，人，物 selfish British active comparative collective creative relative protective childlike deadly elderly monthly weekly yearly ambitious anxious cautious curious dangerous delicious famous glorious religious suspicious rainy noisy dirty greedy sunny wealthy slippery 无…的，不…的 careless endless helpless hopeless restless worthless
副词后缀： -ly basically definitely directly especially eventually evidently extremely fairly finally fortunately generally hardly highly increasingly largely mainly merely mostly namely naturally nearly necessarily normally obviously particularly partly possibly practically presently probably rarely readily really repeatedly respectively scarcely shortly simply specifically truly usually virtually wholly otherwise -ward(s) forward backwards inward outward -wise
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常见词根： 词根 ag audi， audit centr dic， dict duct fac fact fer fin gen gener grad graph ject lect pos，posit sist spect st， stat Tain Ven vent Vis 意思 做，动作 听 中心 说 引导 做 拿 举例 agent agenda agency audience audio proceed exceed process succession succeed successive center central dictate dictation dictionary contradiction predict conduct educate introduce produce reduce fact factor factory manufacture manufacturer conference differ different difference offer prefer refer suffer transfer ced，cess，ceed 走 末尾，界限 final finish fine 出生，种类 genius generate general 步 写 投掷 选 放 站立 看 站立 握，持 来 看 grade gradual graduate undergraduate geography photograph inject injection reject project subject collect elect neglect select compose deposit expose oppose propose suppose assist consist exist insist resist persist expect inspect respect prospect state station stay distance constant obstacle rest contain obtain retain event invent prevent advise evident provide revise supervise vision visible visit
IV. 四种命题方式：
1．近形词题目：考单词辨认、近形词辨认的能力。如： The problem is caused _____ by a lack of money.
A. prominently B. profoundly C. primarily D. proportionally
The new director of the television station wants to _____ its program. A. divide B. decide C. diversify D. divert
2． 近义词题：词义相近、用法不同。如：
Generally ____, that city is less crowded than the others in the same state. A. talking B. speaking C. saying D. telling
In the big flood, only 20 % of the people in that village ______. A. remained B. stayed C. lived D. survived
3． 语境词汇题：根据单词所处的具体语言环境，确定正确选项。
In 400 A.D. Chinese children played with a fan-like toy that span upwards and fell back to earth as _____ ceased.
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called CRP, that _______ the presence and intensity of inflammation in the walls of the blood vessels.
A. means B. cures C. measures D. disapproves
2. Since you have already made the decision, I’ll have to ______ to it, I suppose.
A. maintain B. obey C. adopt D. adhere
3. The law _______ occupancy by more than 68 persons in this bus as over occupancy can
bring disaster.
A. forbids B. indicates C. suggests D. promises
4. It is clear that there will be little chance that mankind would _____ a nuclear war.
A. involve B. endure C. survive D. survival
5. It was highly unlikely that the Prince had ever visited Soho and Covent Garden, much less
______ its streets picking up the vital signs of the new Britain. A. incorporated B. wandered C. discoursed D. blessed 6. More students _______ for computer courses nowadays.
A. exclude B. restrict C. opt D. select
7. Nobody knows how this world__________ into existence.
A. came B. constituted C. labeled D. concealed
8. Many people who love animals ________ of scientists’ experimenting on animals.
A. approval B. disapprove C. approve D. prove
9. Staying No.1 will not be easy. Last year may have _______ record export volume, but what
matters most is export revenue.
A. seen B. presented C. folded D. saluted
10. Ask any heart doctor the best way to avoid a heart attack, and he will probably tell you to
________ your cholesterol and exercise more.
A decrease B. consolidated C. activated D. lower
形容词: 3) 形 容 词
形容词测试点包括：1）形容词的认知能力和辨别能力；2）词形及词义相近的形容词的区分；３）形容词和介词的搭配。 例如：
1. All the off-shore explorers were in good mood when they read ______letters from their family.
A. affectionate B. intimate C. passionate D. considerate
2. All the girls seem to be ______ of her beauty and intelligence.
A. envious B. indifferent C. distinct D. enthusiastic
形容词应注意的要点:
1. 词形相近的形容词。如： mechanized, minimized, standardized, modernized 2. 同义词和反义词。 如wonderful 的同义词有：marvelous, excellent,
extraordinary, remarkable等。如generous 的反义词有mean, stingy, selfish 等。 3. 形容词和动词的。如：indicate ---- indicative;
receive ---receptive; inquire --- inquisitive等。
4. 名词和形容词的结合。如：defect ---defective, intention --- intentional等。
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5. 以 -ly 结尾的单词的词性。 名词加 -ly 多构成形容词。如：friendly, heavenly,
womanly, worldly 等。
6. 不规则形容词的比较级和最高级的变化形式。如：
原级 比较级 最高级 bad worse worst good better best little less (lesser) least
far farther(further) farthest (furthest) 7．形容词与介词of 的搭配：
guilty , jealous, envious, ignorant, hopeful, aware, conscious, considerate, thoughtful, desirous, short, irrespective, exclusive, independent, tolerant, worthy, capable, sure, certain, confident, critical, characteristic, suspicious, wary等等。 8．形容词与介词to的搭配：
accessible, available, accustomed, adjacent, advantageous, beneficial, alert, alien, agreeable, comparative, attentive, awake, relevant, subject, contrary 等等。 9. 形容词与介词with 的搭配：
consistent, compatible, identical, popular, satisfied 等等。
形容词练习：
1. Tom is ________ to tell jokes when he is with a group of people.
A. attempted B. inclined C. illegible D. impressive 2. Are you _______ of the problems you have caused?
A. clumsy B. aware C. fraudulent D. knowledgeable 3. ______ payment of bills is greatly appreciated.
A. Implicit B. Understandable C. Promising D. Prompt 4. The winner of the award gave a short and ______ acceptance speech.
A. cautious B. conscious C. concise D. innocent
5. Susan was ________ of the important issues in the upcoming election.
A. ornamental B. illegal C. ignorant D. illogical 6. The _________ machinery is difficult to operate.
A. sophisticated B. cultured C. experienced D. initiative
7. The subway is the most _________way of getting to the airport during rush hour.
A. reliable B. reflected C. relevant D. relaxed 8. Each suggestion was _____ to at least one student.
A. applicant B. applied C. applicable D. appointed 9. Mike inherited a _______ amount of money from his parents.
A. considerate B. considerable C. consist D. conservative
10. Susan keeps all her _______ valuables in a safe at home because she does not trust any
insurance companies.
A. worth B. fertile C. precious D .expensive
副词:
(1) 副词的分类
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副词按其词义和作用,可分为下列几类:
1) 时间副词: 如now, yesterday, soon, next, last, before, already, yet, early, late, ago等 2) 频度副词: 如never, sometimes, often, usually, hardly, seldom, always, frequently等. 3) 地点副词: 如here, there, somewhere, everywhere, up, down, in, out, on, off, over,
away等;
4) 方式副词: 如well, fast, quickly. slowly. together等
5) 程度副词: 如 very, so, too, enough, rather, fairly, much, little, quite, almost 等 6) 疑问.连接副词: 如 when, where, why, how, however等
(2) 副词的用法：
1) 修饰形容词： 2) 修饰动词： 3) 修饰其他副词： 4)修饰名词词组： 5) 修饰全句：
The flower is very beautiful. He studies hard. He works very hard. Even a child can do it.
Probably he will come back.
(3) 副词的构成
1) 大多数副词是由形容词加后缀-ly 构成的; 如: politely, sadly
2) 当形容词以-y 结尾时, 在加 -ly 之前,先变 y 为 i: heavily, busily 3) 以 -le 结尾时, 去e 加 -y 即可: simply, ably 4) 以 -ll 结尾时, 只须加 -y: dully, shrilly
5) 以-ic 结尾时 , 则在-ic 之后加 -ally; economically, basically
6) 有些副词由介词或地点名词加后缀-ward(s)构成, 意义是\向....\ 如: backward(s),
downward(s), forward(s), northward(s), onward(s), upward(s) 等
7) 另外, 有些副词是由名词加后缀 -wise 构成, 表示方向, 位置, 状态, 样子等; 如:
clockwise, lengthwise 等。
(4) 与形容词同形的副词
有些形容词与副词同形, 但有着不同的句法功能。 如: We had an early breakfast We had breakfast early
有些表示时间的词可同时用作形容词和副词。 如：daily, weekly, quarterly, monthly, yearly
(5) 兼有两种形式的副词
有些副词有两种形式: 一是与形容词同形, 二是由该形容词加-ly 构成。这两种不同的形式, 有些含义相同, 有些略不同, 有些完全不同。如 a) close 作\近\解:
He works close to his home. He was following close behind.
作其它解释时用closely: Watch what I do closely.
The prisons were closely guarded. b) dead 作\突然地\完全地\解: She stopped dead.
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在非正式用语中作\完全地\直接地\解:
He was dead tired. / The wind was dead against us.
deadly 作\死一般地\或\非常\解, 例如 deadly pale, deadly serious, deadly dull 等。
副词练习：
1． Positioned at the crossroads between Europe, the Middle East, Africa and west and South Asia,
Egypt is _______ placed to extend its horizons with trade.
A. definitely B. ideally C. permanently D. fundamentally 2． I have ________ fifty dollars in my bank account.
A. comparatively B. vaguely C. preferably D. approximately 3． John is essentially hardworking even if he is late________.
A. attentively B. hardly C. consequently D occasionally
4． The rain and the cancellation of the baseball game _______ left us with nothing to do.
A. frequently B. incidentally C. consequently D. definitely 5． With an aim of going abroad for further study, Li Ping worked _________.
A. conscientiously B. consciously C. cautiously D. roughly
6． The importance of keeping up to date and providing new services is _____ understood at
Bank of China.
A. legally B. well C. equally D. individually 7． All her life, Jane Smith has taught ______ in the mountain village, far away from city and
fame.
A. extensively B. largely C. completely D. obscurely 8． The student ignored his teacher Miss Colley _______ when she passed him on the campus.
A. shyly B. stubbornly C. deliberately D. gracefully 9． The spoiled son spent his money ________ and soon after he left home he was reduced to a
beggar.
A. extravagantly B. thriftily C. economically D. extraordinarily
10. Mark is such a nice gentle man that he is _______ in support of the Dean of the Faculty.
A. suspiciously B. superficially C. subordinately D. sympathetically
词汇综合练习：
Vocabulary Test 1
1. He proved himself a ________ successor to the former Prime Minister. A. worthwhile B. worthiness
C. worthy D. worth
2. Your radio is too loud, turn the ________ down. A. volume B. voice
C. sound D. tone
3. The Channel Tunnel is one of the biggest engineering projects ever ________. A. understated B. undertaken
C. undergone D. underneath
4. He comes from a poor country village in the mountains, so it’s very hard for him to pay the
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whole school year’s ________ at one time. A. money B. fare
C. fees D. tuition
5. Anthony is a very ________ person and never wastes anything. A. miserly B. thrifty
C. economic D. conservative
6. He is seriously ill because his girlfriend has just deserted him. Why don’t you try some occupational ________ to remove his mind from distress? A. operation B. therapy
C. injection D. medicine
7. The government used their emergency powers to ________ the truth about the accident. A. suppress B. manipulate
C. control D. manage
8. The ________ of the member countries is supposed to be held recently at Geneva. A. summit B. summary
C. suffering D. summon
9. The ghostly presence was just a (n)_________ sensation of some people. A. objective B. subjunctive
C. subjective D. objected
10. The company is on the verge of bankruptcy, and thousands of jobs are at ________. A. danger B. loss
C. threat D. stake
11. The ________ of these islands is still in dispute and the three countries are to have a conference next month to settle the issue. A. sovereignty B. right
C. authority D. power
12. That organization __________ persons of different political stands. A. owns B. embraces
C. composes D. consists
13. We would never have secured our independence without the aid you ______. A. pursued B. requested
C. presented D. rendered
14. Women are ________ against the restrictions on job opportunities. A. proceeding B. negative
C. revolving D. urgent
15. I was unaware of the critical points involved, so my choice was quite _________. A. artistic B. artificial
C. arbitrary D. mechanical
16. Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his ________ to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied. A. impression B. reaction
C. comprehension D. sentiment
17. We’d decided to sell our car, but then we began to have second ________. A. plans B. minds
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C. ideas D. thoughts
18. The mystery guest on the show is ________ other than the President. A. no B. none
C. not D. nothing
19. During the recession they ________ the workers off for three months. A. gave B. laid
C. called D. dropped
20. I haven’t enough money to buy a car, so I just have to do _______. A. nothing B. none
C. without D. nobody
Vocabulary Test 2
1. Obviously he was _______ by the shop owner when she was shopping in that store. A. supposed B. supplemented
C. swept D. cheated
2. The report mentioned that some important people had attended the closing ________. A. surgeon B. suspicion
C. ceremony D. target
3. The blood _______ in the body and provides what the body needs. A. swells B. circulates
C. tastes D. tempted
4. His explanation has _________ this mystery and helped us to understand better. A. surveyed B. clarified
C. surrendered D. torn
5. Many job _____ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education A. opportunities B. necessities
C. realities D. occurrences
6. The earthquake in the past ten years caused many buildings to _______. A. collapse B. terrify
C. tend D. threaten
7. My __________ will fully support my plan in building the dam there. A. threats B. treatments
C. triangles D. colleagues
8. His poor health __________ him to resign from his job. A. compelled B. treasured
C. transplanted D. trimmed
9. The bus ___________ with the truck on the highway last night. A. united B. undertook
C. vanished D. collided
10. The city is __________of three sections, which are separated by rivers. A. upset B. valued
C. composed D. ventured
11. The firms are not allowed to set up any trade ________ among them.
A. barrier B. blame
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C. benefit D. duty
12. The street was ____________ by the police for fear that there was a bomb. A. deceived B. delivered
C. damaged D. blocked
13. The economy in this city was _______ by the new investment from abroad. A. cancelled B. boomed
C. buried D. crowded
14. On _______ of the school, I’d like to welcome you all. A. behalf B. dairy
C. decade D. delight
15. He is a ______ boy because he was not afraid of fighting with the bad man.
A. damp B. delicate C. cruel D. bold
16. There used to be an old city here, which was _______ under the river about 2000 years ago.
A. insulted B. insulated C. buried D. interrupted
17. The trip to the west has been ________ due to the lack of the funds. A. insisted B. canceled
C. infected D. inferred
18. What he suggested will be ___________ to your plan.
A. infinite B. intimate C. inflexible D. beneficial
19. His birthday was ________ in a big hotel and attended by about 200 people. A. inspected B. installed
C. celebrated D. interfered
20. The windy weather is _____________ of this city in spring. A. supreme B. characteristic
C. suspicious D. sympathetic
Vocabulary Test 3
1. You need to ________ the time for the meeting or you will come late. A. measure B. maintain
C. confirm D. mend
2. All of his friends came and __________ him on his success. A. concentrated B. melt
C. congratulated D. mounted
3. The team ________ twenty young people who were carefully chosen for the work. A. faces up to B. gets across
C. gives rise to D. consists of
4. That country was _________ by the Allies in the Second World War. A. persisted B. condensed
C. persuaded D. conquered
5. The ________ expressed their passive view about the government’s policy. A. critics B. politics
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C. economics D. tractors
6. At that time work was mainly ______ to slaves in that society.
A. blamed B. complained C. restricted D. expected
7. I didn’t expect to ________ my teacher in the street yesterday. A. refer to B. wok with
C. deal with D. run into
8. A sign announcing “No Meeting” was _________ on the door. A. removed B. hung
C. delayed D. panted
9. She has _________ a large sum of money from her father.
A. inherited B. presented C. hosted D. turned
10. The manager has to be _________ because he could not keep his promise. A. replaced B. pasted
C. frightened D. patched
11. At this moment, they are still __________ with many economic problems.
A. centered B. believed C. referred D. confronted
12. The conference was ____________ by one hundred experts in this field. A. announced B. declined
C. attended D. planned
13. It is believed that _______ spending will certainly lead to the bankrupt. A. natural B. mysterious
C. moist D. excessive
14. With a _________, he didn’t care about what his friend said. A. contempt B. motivation
C. reception D. realization
15. The guests are often very well _________ by the host in that city. A. recovered B. refreshed
C. reassured D. entertained
16. The medical report confirms that the flu has __________ almost everyone in this area. A. infected B. raised
C. recommended D. insulated
17. From the passage we can ________ that this disease can be cured. A. insult B. inspire
C. refuse D. infer
18. As the price keeps going up, _______ has turn into double figures. A. recreation B. inflation
C. refuge D. reduction
19. The ______ of jet travel has made the world seem smaller.
A. remark B. relationship C. removal D. innovation
20. The factors which would influence the learning will _____ with each other.
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A. interact C. innovate
B. install D. intend
Vocabulary Test 4
1. I’m very sorry to have _______ you with so many questions on such an occasion. A. interfered B. impressed
C. offended D. bothered
2. With the constant change of the conditions, the outcome is not always _________. A. favorable B. predictable
C. dependable D. reasonable
3. When people become unemployed, it is _______ which is often worse than lack of wages. A. laziness B. idleness
C. poverty D. inability
4. Being a pop star can be quite a hard life, with a lot of traveling owing to heavy . A. schedules B. skyscrapers C. speculations D. scolding
5. The price of beer _______ from 50 cents to $ 4 per liter during the summer season. A. altered B. separated
C. ranged D. differed
6. The scientist said that many animals seem to be highly _______ to various signals associated with earthquakes.
A. scared B. resistant C. sensitive D. sensual
7. Before you can start a business, you will have to raise the necessary _______ .
A. investment B. savings C. income D. capital
8. The mayor expressed his gratitude for the timely assistance that people from other cities have kindly _____ to his citizens after the city was struck by the earthquake. A. rendered B. secured C. sought D. furnished
9. The purpose of the survey was to _______ the inspectors with local conditions.
A. inform B. instruct C. acquaint D. notify
10. The students failed to meet the necessary _______ for admission to the course.
A. fulfillment B. requirements C. qualities D. competency
11. After the theft of his car he put in an insurance _______ for $3 000.
A. account B. receipt C. assessment D. claim
12. ________ a fire, hotel guests will be asked to remain calm.
A. As a result of B. In the event of C. By reason of D. By means of
13. When ________, the duck keeps its eyes and ears closed, using its bill to locate food.
A. submitted B. sunk
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C. soaked D. submerged
14. As we all know, houses are _______ to be at rest with respect to the earth but the earth itself is
not motionless. A. resumed B. assumed C. speculated D. consumed
15. The whole area of national and local governments was subjected to a thorough financial
______, and inefficiency and waste were attacked. A. search B. survey C. stability D. strain
16. The employer must ________ that the applicants for the post have the proper qualifications.
A. verify B. justify C. warrant D. perceive
17. Professor Johnson planned to go over my paper sentence by sentence with me in his office
this morning, but he hasn’t ______ yet.
A. turned round B. turned up C. turned on D. turned in
18. We hear that miniskirts are coming back into fashion, but I wonder if they’ll really _____
again.
A. rule out B. come on C. catch on D. wear out 19. The government sent a delegation to _______ the matter. A. look into B. look forward to
C. look down D. look in
20. Our firm regrets to inform you that the computers you ordered last month are _______ .
A. out of practice B. out of reach C. out of stock D. out of work
Vocabulary Test 5
1. The vacuum cleaner is a valuable labor-saving ______ action. A. device B. engine C. piece D. instrument
2. The flight was postponed because of technical problems and was finally cancelled last week when a ______ was discovered. A. accident B. defect C. damage D. defeat
3. When she was crossing the road, she was knocked down by a motor-car and lay ______ by the roadside. A. asleep B. thoughtless C. unconscious D. unaware
4. The novels he has written have shown his ______ ability as an author. A. literal B. literally C. literature D. literary
5. The reader is urged to be a leader, rather than a follower; to rely on his own power, rather than to ______. A. inform B. conform C. deform D. reform 6. He would much ______ it if you could do him the favor.
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A. award B. apply C. appreciate D. anticipate
7. If our ______ is correct, then the space-craft should reach the moon on Monday. A. calculation B. composition C. communication D. vision
8. San Francisco’s Chinese community, comprising 67, 000 ______ is the largest concentration of Chinese outside of Asia. A. visitors B. workers C. adults D. inhabitants 9. We didn’t catch the train on ______ of the traffic congestion. A. basis B. charge C. account D. behalf
10. Though he has suffered from cancer for so many years, it is so strange that he has ______ to
the present day. A. deprived B. survived C. derived D. revived
11. During the races there were two accidents to motor-cyclists including one ______ accident. A. fatal B. killing C. deadly D. deathly
12. Business picked up in the stores during December, but ______ again after Christmas. A. dropped out B. dropped on C. dropped over D. dropped off
13. His misbehavior and ______ dismissal from the firm was reported in the newspaper. A. improper B. inefficient C. subsequent D. frequent 14. Every citizen has the sacred ______ to defend his country. A. right B. objective C. authority D. obligation
15. We need an umbrella on the beach to give us some ______ at midday. A. shed B. shade C. shadow D. dark
16. ______ to the Revolutionary War, the United States was an English colony. A. Prior B. Close C. Earlier D. Next
17. If you are an electrician, you will know the difference between an alternating and a direct
______.
A. conductor B. circuit C. cable D. current 18. The company has the ______ right to print Mr. Dare’s books. A. virtual B. exclusive C. overall D. flexible 19. Digging the foundation is the first ______ of our building project. A. solution B. procession C. phase D. achievement
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20. The curtains have ______ because of the strong sunlight. A. faded B. dulled C. fainted D. weakened
综合练习6
1. Human eyes are accustomed to ______ a specific object, and once this happens, everything
around the object seems to be reduced to background. A. pointing to B. sticking to C. focusing on D. probing into
2. Samuel is always ______, never complaining about his poor health and other troubles.
A. careless B. joyful C. cheerful D. glad
3. Laws are the means by which science _____ to describe nature, not explain it.
A. attends B. arranges C. facades D. attempts 4. The old French clock was _____ eleven as I went upstairs to bed.
A. beating B. striking C. ringing D. clapping 5. He went ahead with unpopular changes, ____ to hostile criticism.
A. opposed B. indifferent C. sensible D. contrary
6. The heat was so ______ from the fire that the fireman could not enter the building.
A. tense B. intense C. strained D. stressed
7. When my boss said he would _____ me to another department, I was very pleased because I
had been waiting for this change. A. interfere B. transfer C. dismiss D. transform
8. You will probably ______ your team’s chance to win because you seem to have such a great
effect on them. A. affect B. effect C. influence D. afford 9. ______, she intends to stay where she is.
A. In the contrast B. In the comparison C. For the contrary D. On the contrary 10. After two weeks work on end I get _____ the same thing every day.
A. fed with doing B. feed up doing C. fed up with doing D. feed up in doing 11. John was so ____ in his book that he did not hear the doorbell ring.
A. engaged B. occupied C. absorbed D. concentrated
12. I had no idea what the ______ of leaving home would be until I found out that my mother
became ill as a result of it. A. conscience B. consequence C. sequence D. subsequence
13. The _____ witness in the case said that he was not concerned with the interest, but cared only
about the principle. A. princess B. principle C. principal D. prince 14. A ______ person is reluctant to see any change.
A. safe B. radical C. conservative D. convertible 15. The statement was _______ and to the point.
A. brief B. uneasy C. lousy D. redundant 16. Nothing must be allowed to ____ our plans for the weekend.
A. interfere with B. interior C. disturb with D. interfere on
17. The test results were so significant that the scientists knew that they had made a great _____
in medicine.
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A. break out B. out turn C. outbreak D. breakthrough
18. The new manager explained to the staff that she hoped to ____ new procedures to save time
and money. A. manufacture B. establish C. control D. restore 19. When he retired from his job the directors _____ him with a clock. A. offered B. pleased C. satisfied D. presented 20. The actual cost of the building was such higher than our original _______. A. consideration B. judgment C. estimate D. plan
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综合练习答案与注释
Vocabulary Test 1
1. 答案为C。worthwhile意思是“值得花费时间、金钱或精力的”。worthy可以表示“值得尊重或者考虑的”，用这一意思时通常做定语。worthiness是worthy的名词形式。worth用作表语，意思是“有某种价值的；值得（做某事）”。本句需要填入一个作定语的形容词，所以，C是正确答案。
2. 答案为A。volume意思是“音量，响度”，voice意思是“嗓音”，sound意思是“声，声音，声响”，tone指“音调，音质；语气，腔调；（乐器的）音质，音色”。 3. 答案为B。understate意思是“有节制地陈述或表达；少说，少报”，undertake意思是“承担，负起??的责任”，undergo意为“经历，经受；接受，承受”，underneath意为“在??的下面（介词）；在下面，向下（副词）；底部，底面（名词）”。 4. 答案为D。money泛指“金钱，货币”；fare指（公共汽车、轮船、计程车等的）票价；fee指付给私人教师、医生等的服务费，酬金；tuition尤指大专院校的学费。 5. 答案为B。miserly意思是“似守财奴的，吝啬的”，thrifty意思是“节检的，节约的”，economic意思是“经济学的，经济的”，conservative意思是“保守的，守旧的”。 6. 答案为B。operation指“手术”，therapy指“疗法”，injection指“注射”，medicine指“医术，医学；药”。occupational therapy指“职业疗法”，即给患者创造性或生产性工作以治疗其身心某些疾病的方法。
7. 答案为A。suppress意思是“阻止??被知道或看到”，manipulate指“熟练地控制或操纵（某事物）”，control意思是“控制”，manage意思是“负责（谋事物），管理，经营”。 8. 答案为A。summit意思是“峰会，首脑会晤”，summary意为“小结”，suffering指肉体或内心的痛苦，summon意为“传唤，传讯；（法院的）传票”。 9. 答案为C。objective意为“客观的”，subjunctive意为“虚拟语气的”，subjective意为“主观的”，object意思是“反对，抗议”，作动词。
10. 答案为D 。at a loss意思是“不知如何是好，茫然，不知所措”，at stake 指“凶吉难卜，好坏无法预料”。可以说in danger 或under threat,但不可以说at danger或at threat。 11. 答案为A。sovereignty指“国家主权”；right指“对某事物的正当要求，做某事的权利”，通常说right to sth./to do sth.；authority指“权利，权威；职权，权限”，power指“（人的）能力，（生理或精神上的）能力；操纵力，影响力；职权，权势”。 12. 答案为B。own尤指以法定权利拥有某物；embrace 表示“欣然接受”；compose意为“创作(乐曲或诗歌)”，表示“由…?构成”时，应用be composed of 这一表达；consist of 意思是“由??构成”。根据题意及各选项的用法，正确答案为B。 13. 答案为D。pursue意为“追求追逐”，request意为“口头或书面的要求，请求”，present表示“授予，赠予；介绍，引见；提出；呈递”等意思，render意为“给予”。 14. 答案为A。 proceed against sb. 意为“起诉某人”；negative用作形容词意为“拒绝的，怀疑的，不同意的”；revolve意为“反复思考，被仔细考虑”；urgent意为“紧急的，极力主张的”。 B、C、D三项均不与against 连用。
15. 答案为C。artistic意为“艺术的，艺术家的；富有艺术创造力的”；artificial意为“人工的；虚假的；人为的”；arbitrary意为“任意的；武断的”；mechanical意为“机械的；机械似的，呆板的”。
16. 答案为A。impression意为“（人、事件、经历等留下的）印象”，reaction意为“反应”，comprehension意为“理解，理解力”，sentiment意为“情绪，伤感”。
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17. 答案为D。second thoughts意思是“（经重新考虑后）改变想法”。
18. 答案为B。none other than固定短语，用以加强语气。句意为：该节目的神秘嘉宾不是别人，正是总统。
19. 答案为B。lay sb. off意思是“暂时解雇（工人）”。 20. 答案为C。do without意思是“没有??也行”。
Vocabulary Test 2
1题：答案为D。 suppose 假设；supplement 补充；sweep 扫地；cheat 欺骗。 2题：答案为C。 surgeon 外科；suspicion 怀疑；ceremony仪式；target 预算。 3题：答案为B。 swell 膨胀；circulate 循环；taste 品尝；tempted 引诱。 4题：答案为B。 survey 调查；clarify 澄清；surrender 投降；torn 斯裂。
5题：答案为A。 opportunities 机会；necessities 必需品；reality 真实，现实；occurrences
发生。
6题：答案为A。 collapse 崩塌；terrify 使害怕；tend 趋势；threaten 危险。 7题：答案为D。 threat威胁；treatment 对待；triangle 三角；colleagues 同事。 8题：答案为A。 compel 迫使；treasure 珍惜；transplanted 移植；trim 修剪。 9题：答案为D。 unite 团结；undertake 承担；vanish 消失；collide 与相撞。 10题：答案为C。upset 沮丧；value珍视；compose 由组成；venture 冒险。 11题：答案为A。barrier 壁障；blame 指责；benefit 受益；duty 责任。
12题：答案为D。deceive 欺骗；deliver 送；damage 损坏；blocked 阻塞；封锁。 13题：答案为B。cancel 撤消；boom 繁荣；bury 埋；crowd 使拥挤。 14题：答案为A。behalf 代表；dairy 牛奶场；decade 十年；delight 高兴。
15题：答案为D。damp 潮湿的；delicate 娇气；cruel 冷酷的；bold 勇敢的。 17题：答案为B。insist 坚持；cancel 取消；infect 感染；infer 暗示。 16题：答案为C。insult 侮辱；insulate 绝缘；bury 埋；interrupt 打断。 18题：答案为D。beneficial 有益的。
19题：答案为C。inspect 调查；install 安装；celebrate 庆祝；interfere 干涉。
20题：答案为C。supreme 最高的；characteristic 特有的；suspicious 怀疑的；sympathetic
同情的。
Vocabulary Test 3
1题：答案为C。measure 测量；maintain 保持；confirm 确认；mend修补。
2题：答案为C。concentrate集中精力; melt 溶化；congratulate 庆祝；mount 簦上。 3题：答案为 D。face up to 面对；get across 克服；give rise to 引起；consist of 组成。 4题：答案为D。persist 坚持；condense 压缩；persuade 说服；conquer 打败，征服。 5题：答案为A。critic 评论者；politics 政治；economics 经济学；tractor 拖拉机。 6题：答案为C。blame 指责；complain 抱怨；restrict 限制；expect 期待。
7题：答案为D。refer to 指；wok with 与…工作；deal with 处理；run into 碰见。 8题：答案为B。remove 移开；hang 挂；delay 推迟；pant 喘气。 9题：答案为A。inherit 继承；present 展示；host 主持；turn 转动。 10题：答案为A。replace 取代；paste 贴；frighten 恐吓；patch 修补。 11题：答案为D。center围绕；believe 相信；refer 特指；confront面对。 12题：答案为C。announce声明；decline 下降；attend 参加；plan计划。
13题：答案为D。natural 自然的；mysterious 神秘的；moist 潮湿的；excessive 超量的。
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14题：答案为A。contempt 蔑视；motivation 动机；reception 招待；realization 实现。 15题：答案为D。recover 恢复；refresh 提神；reassure 确保；entertain 招待。 16题：答案为A。infect 感染；raise 扶养；recommend推荐；insulate 绝缘。 17题：答案为D。insult 侮辱；inspire 激励；refuse 拒绝；infer 暗示。
18题：答案为B。recreation 娱乐；inflation 通货膨胀；refuge 避难处；reduction 减少。 19题：答案为D。remark 评论；relationship 关系；removal 去掉；innovation 发明。 20题：答案为A。interact 相互作用；install 安装；innovate 创新；intend 打算。
Vocabulary Test 4
1题：答案为D。interfere 干涉; impress 打动; offend 冒犯; bother 打扰。
2题：答案为B。favorable 良好的; predictable 可预测的; dependable 可靠的; reasonable 合理的。
3题：答案为B。laziness 懒惰; idleness 赋闲；poverty 贫穷；inability 无能力；这句话的意思是无事可做往往比没有薪水更糟糕。 4题：答案为A。 schedules 日程，时间表；skyscrapers 摩天大厦；speculations 投机；scolding 责备。
5题：答案为C。range 在??区间变化；alter 改变；separate 分开；differ 与??不同。 6题：答案为C。sensitive 敏感的；scared 害怕的；resistant 抵抗的；sensual 肉体感觉的)。 7题：答案为D。 做生意开始的时候需要筹集资capital；investment 投资；savings 积蓄；income 收入。
8题：答案为A。 render assistance and support to sb. 给予某人的帮助；secure 确保；sought 寻找；furnish 供应。
9题：答案为C。 acquaint sb with sth: 使某人熟知某事；inform 告知；instruct 指导；notify 通知。
10题：答案为B。meet requirements for: 满足对??的要求。Fulfillment 完成；
qualities品质；competency 能力。
11题：答案为D。an insurance claim: 保险索赔；Account 账目；receipt 收据；
assessment 估价。
12题：答案为B。in the event of: 如果??发生；as a result of 作为??的结果；by reason
of 由于，因为；by means of 依靠。
13题：答案为D。submerged 沉在水里；submitted 被上交的；sunk 凹陷的；soaked
湿透的。
14题：答案为B。assume 假定；resume 恢复；speculate 推测；consume 消耗。 15题：答案为B。survey 调查；search 搜寻；stability 稳定；strain 紧张。
16题：答案为A。verify 验证；justify 证明??是正当的；warrant 保证；perceive 察觉。 17题：答案为B。turn up 出现；turn round 翻转；turn on 打开；turn in 上交。
18题：答案为C。catch on 流行；rule out 取消；come on加油；wear out 筋疲力尽。 19题：答案为A。look into 调查； look forward to 希望；look down 往下看；look in
顺路拜访。
20题：答案为C。out of stock 脱销；out of practice 久不练习；out of work 失业。
Vocabulary Test 5
1题：答案为A。 device 器械；engine发动机；piece碎片；instrument仪器。 2题：答案为B。 accident事故；defect缺陷；damage破坏；defeat失败。
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3题：答案为C。 asleep睡着的；thoughtless缺乏考虑的；unconscious无知觉的；unaware
不知道的。
4题：答案为D。 literal文字上的；literally逐字地；literature文学；literary文字上的。 5题：答案为B。 inform告”；conform顺从；deform破坏形象；reform改革。 6题：答案为C。 award授予；apply运用；appreciate感激；anticipate期望。
7题：答案为A。 calculation计算；composition作文；communication通讯；vision视觉。 8题：答案为D。 visitor访问者；worker工人；adult成人；inhabitant居民。
9题：答案为C。 basis基础；charge控告；on account of由于；on behalf of代表。 10题：答案为B。 deprive剥夺；survive幸存；derive产生；revive复活。 11题：答案为A。 fatal致命”；killing杀死；deadly致命的；deathly象死一般的。
12题：答案为D。 drop out退出；drop on偶然拜访；drop over顺便来访；drop off减少。 13题：答案为C。 improper不合适的；inefficient没有效率的；subsequent随后的；frequent
经常的。
14题：答案为D。 right权利；objective目的；authority权威；obligation义务。 15题：答案为B。 shed棚；shade阴凉；shadow影子；dark黑暗的。 16题：答案为A。 prior to在前；close接近；earlier早于；next下一个。 17题：答案为D。 conductor导体；circuit电路；cable电缆；current电流。
18题：答案为B。 virtual实际上的；exclusive专有的；overall大体上的；flexible灵活的。 19题：答案为C。 solution解决；procession行列；phase阶段；achievement成就。 20题：答案为A。 fade褪色；dull迟钝；faint暗淡；weaken削弱。
Vocabulary Test 6 CCDBB DBADC CBCCC ADBDC
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