The connection is complex．In fact，very rich people rate substantially higher in satisfaction with life than very poor people do，even within wealthy nations，he says“There is overwhelming evidence that money buys happiness．”The main debate，he said，is how strong the effect is． Oswald recently reported a study of Britons who won between ＄2000 and ＄250000 in a lottery(彩票拍奖) ．As a group，they showed a boost in happiness averaging a bit more than one point on a 36-point scale when surveyed two years after their win，compared to their levels two years before they won．
Daniel Kahnman，a Nobel-Prize winner and Princeton economist，and colleagues，recently declared that the notion that making a lot of money will produce good overall mood is“mostly illusory” ．They noted that in one study，members of the high-income group were almost twice as likely to call themselves“very happy”as people from households with incomes below ＄20000．But other studiex，rather than asking for a summary estimate of happiness，follow people through the day and repeatedly record their feeling．These studies show less effect of income on happiness．Kahneman and colleagues said．
There is still another twist to the money-happiness stroy．Even though people who make＄150000 are considerably happier than those who make ＄40000，It’s not clear why，says psychologist Richard E．Lucas of Michigan Sate University．
Researchers conclude that any effect of money on happiness is smaller than most daydreamers assume．“People exaggerate how much happiness is bought by an extra few thousand，”Oswald said，“The quality of relationships has a far bigger effect than quite large rises in salary．It’s much better advice，if you’re looking for happiness in life，to try to find the right husband or wife than to try to double your salary．”BBDBC
46．The main purpose of this passage is to discuss____ A．the contributions of household incomes to happiness B．the complex relationship between money and happiness C．the positive relationship between money and happiness D．the negative relations of money to happiness 47．Andrew Oswald’s study____
A．proves money has little effect on happiness B．given evidence that money buys happiness
C．rejects the relation between money buys happiness
48．The word“illusory”(Para．4)is closest in meaning to“____” A．dramatic B．ordinary C．drastic D．imaginary 49．According to Lucas，richer people’s happiness____ A．comes form their high income
B．may not be directly related to their high income
C．is boosted by their high income
D．is not derived from their high income
50．According to Oswald，a more important factor in bringing about happiness may be good____
A．health B．feelings C．marriage D．salaries Passage Five
When Frank Date took over as publisher of Los Angeles Herrald-Examiner，the organization had just ended a ten-year strike．There was much bitterness and，as he told us．“Everybody that I found there had lost their curiosity，they’d lost their cutting edge，there was no interest，they just hung on?I had a real problem．”His very first task was to introduce himself to everybody，to thank them for their loyalty to that point，and to allow them to express their concerns and frustrations．To questions like“What makes you think you can make this thing go?”he responded，“I don’t know yet，but in thirty days I’ll come back to you and let you know what I’ve
found．”He recruited a task force of the best people from throughour the Hearst Corporation to do a crash study，and in thirty days he had a written report on what needed to be done，which he shared with te staff．He had taken the all-important first to steps to establish mutual trust，without which leadership would not have been possible．
Trust is the emotional glue that binds followers and leaders together．The accumulation of trust is a measure of the legitimacy of leadership．It cannot be demanded or purchased；it must be carned．Trust is the basic ingredient of all organizations，the lubrication that maintains the organization，and it is as mysterious and difficult a concept as leadership-and as important． One thing we can say for sure about trust is that if trust is to be generated，there must be predictability，the capacity to predict another’s behavior．Another way of putting it is to say that organizations without trust would resemble the ambiguous nightmare of Kafka’s The Castle，where nothing can be certain and nobody can be relied on or be held responsible．The ability to predict outcomes with s high probability of success generates and maintaining trust． 51----60 CADBC
51．What was Frank Date’s problem when he became the publisher of Los Angeles Herrald-Examiner?
A．He had lost interest in his publishing career B．He found it hard to introduce himself to everyone C．Los Angeles Herrald-Examiner was in extreme difficulty D．Los Angeles Herrald-Examiner was on a ten-year strike． 52．What was the result of Frank Dale’s first steps? A．Mutual trust was established． B．Efficiency was improved．
C．A task force was recruited． D．His promises were fulfilled．
53．According to the author，how could trust be established? A．By economic means． B．By legitimate measures． C．By authoritative command． D．By effort or action．
54．What does the another think about trust? A．It is hard to accumulate
B．It can make organizations go． C．It can help establish authority． D．It is relatively easy to acquire．
55．For what purpose is Kafka’s The Castle mentioned? A．To show people’s behaviors are predictable． B．To describe the nightmare of the story． C．To demonstrate the importance of trust． D．To prove no one can be relied on． Part IV Cloze
The process of gaining or losing weight can be explained by comparing your body to your car．Both run__56__fuel，food for your body and gasoline for your car．Both__57__that fuel，first into heat，then energy，some of__58__is used to do work，and some emitted as waste．And__59__your car uses more energy when the engine is racing than when it is idling，__60__dies your body use more energy when you are working hard than__61__you are resting ． For the purpose of this comparison，__62__，there is one significant difference between them．Your car cannot store fuel by turning it into__63__else；all gasoline not__64__remains as gasoline．But your body storks__65__energy as fat．When the gas tank is__66__empty，the car won’t run；but your body can burn fat to provide more enery．
Therefore，if you want to gain weight，you must do__67__of two things：eat more calories(units of heat，therefore energy)，or use less through__68__．If you want to lose weight，you do the__69__，decrease your intake of calories or increase the amount of energy you spend．There is__70__way．Gaining or losing weight is always a relation between intake and output of potential energy．BABDB
61----70 CACDC BCAAB
56．A．in B．on C．for D．against
57．A．convert B．use C．for D．burn
58．A．what B．which C．it D．them
59．A．whereas B．although C．just because D．just as 60．A．as B．so C．why D．how
61．A．that B．since &nsp; C．when D．where 62．A．however B．therefore C．moreover D．likewise 63．A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything 64．A．filled B．wasted C．saved D．consumed 65．A．useless B．enough C．excess D．extensive 66．A．half B．completely C．almost D．hardly 67．A．any B．both C．either D．neither 68．A．inactivity B．inattention C．cycling D．jogging 69．A．reverse B．relevant C．different D．same 70．A．not any B．no other C．another D．some
Paper Two
Part I Translation Section A
Directions：Translate the following passage into Chinese．Write your translation on the
ANSWERSHEET．
The standardlized educational or psychological tests are widely used to aid in selecting，
classifying，assigning，or prometing students，employees and milltary personnel．But they have been the target is wrong，for in attacking the tests，critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users．The tests themselves are merely tools，with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified conditions．Whether the results will be valuable，meaningless，or even misleading depends partly upon the tools themselves but largely upon the user．标准化教育测试或心理测试现在广泛应用于协助选拔、分类、
委派或提升学生、雇员和军事人员，这些测试一直是某些人近年来在图书、杂志、日报、甚至国会中抨击的目标。把这种标准化测试作为抨击的目标是不对的，因为，在抨击这类测试时，批评者没有考虑其弊病来自人们对测试不甚了解或使用不当。这些测试本身只是一种工具，其各种特征是可以在规定的条件下用相当的精度来测定的。测试的结果是有价值的，还是无意义的，甚至是误导的，部分取决于这种工具本身，但主要取决于测试的使用者。
Saction B
Directlons：Translate the following passage into English．Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET．
最近一项调查表明，中国的大部分建筑——不论是办公楼还是居民楼——所消耗的电、热和水等资源比发达国家的同类建筑要多。例如，北京居民家庭平均消耗的能源是气候类似的德国北部家庭的三倍，中国是资源短缺的国家，我们必须节约资源，才能使我国的经济持续发展。
Part II Writing
Directions：In this part，you are to write within 30 minutes a composition of no less than 150 words about Who and How to Take Care of the Seniors?You may write according to the clues given below．Remember to write the composition on the COMPOSITION SHEET． China’s aging population is increasing．We are faced with the problem of who and how to take care of the seniors．(敬老院：Home for the Seniors；独生子女政策：one-child policy；独生子女：only child)
参考答案（仅供参考）
Paper One
1----10 CBCBB DDBAA 11----20 ACBDA ABCAA 21----30 BDAAB DDBAD 31----40 CDBCD BADCA 41----50 DABCD BBDBC 51----60 CADBC BABDB 61----70 CACDC BCAAB 71----80 BABAB CBCDC
Paper Two
Part I Translation Section A
标准化教育测试或心理测试现在广泛应用于协助选拔、分类、委派或提升学生、雇员和军事人员，这些测试一直是某些人近年来在图书、杂志、日报、甚至国会中抨击的目标。把这种标准化测试作为抨击的目标是不对的，因为，在抨击这类测试时，批评者没有考虑其弊病来自人们对测试不甚了解或使用不当。这些测试本身只是一种工具，其各种特征是可以在规定的条件下用相当的精度来测定的。测试的结果是有价值的，还是无意义的，甚至是误导的，部分取决于这种工具本身，但主要取决于测试的使用者。 Section B
A survey made recently indicates that most of buildings in China, no matter for office or residential purpose, all consume more electricity, heat and water resources compared to that of foreign countries. For instance, energy consumption for Beijing residents is three times as much as that of the families in north German under the similar weather conditions. China is an energy
shortage country, therefore we Chinese should save (economize) resources so as to ensure the sustainable development for Chinese economy.
Part II Writing
Who and How to Take Care of the Seniors? Since China adopted one-child policy，together with improvement made in the social undertakings such as welfare and health care，there has emerged a problem of how to support the seniors． As every coin has two sides，the side-effect of one-child policy has appeared. The child, regarded by other family members as the little prince or princess，always has his wishes satisfied without difficulty．Growing up in such a family，no wonder they lack the sense of caring for others and learning to be independent of their parents．Can they support their aging parents whose life expectancy has been prolonged?
To effectively cope with this social problem of taking care of the seniors today．I may put forward several suggestions：First，young adults in a family should spend more time with their elder members，giving financial help，chatting over favorite topics，doing family work．Secondly，the governments at all levels should finance the construction of more seniors care centers for aged people who wish to lessen the burden of their children．Last but not the least，the sense of responsibility for caring the seniors should be planted to the heart of everyone．
To sum up，I firmly hold that taking care of the seniors is one of the traditional virtues in China and it involves the effort of young adults together with the love from every corner of the society，particular social institutions．Only by doing so can we build a harmonious society．
2007年同等学力人员申请硕士学位
外国语水平全国统一考试
英语试卷一1----10 CBCBB DDBAA
Part I Dialogue Completion
1． A：How about having lunch with me today，paul? B：_______
A． I’ll see you then B． Thanks a lot C． Sounds great D．I can come anytime
2． A：I’m anxious to get started on my project．Can we discuss it sometime before the weekend? B：_______
A． Why didn’t you tell me earlier? B． Yes，that could be arranged． C． I can’t spend anytime．
D．Yes，it’s easy to discuss it．
3． A：Hello，Goorge．What a lovely home you have! B：________
A． Yeah，this garden is beautiful． B． Nice to have you drop by．
C． Why，thank you．I’m glad you could come． D．Let’s sit here so we can admire the view． 4． A：Do you feel like doing this weekend，Jerry? B：________
A． No，I don’t mind doing anything． B． Yes，all right．What do you suggest? C． We could always go to Dave’s party
D．How do you like science fiction movies?
5． A：Excuse me，boss．There’s a Jack Welsh on the line．Do you want to talk to him? B：________
A． Oh，I’m afraid I won’t． B． No，have him call back later． C． Does he want to leave a message? D．Would you please hold my calls?
6． Woman：You were late again this morning． Man：So what?
Question： How does the man react to the woman’s blame? A． He felt sorry for being late． B． He did not admit he was late C． He got nervous for being late． D．He did not care about being late．
7． Woman：The so software is very user-friendly． Man：Yes，but it leaves something to be desired． Question：What does the man think of the software? A．It is of excellent standard． B．It is of very low standard．
C．It has reached the expected standard． D．It does not reach the expected standard．
8． Man：Hi，Susan．I hear your ski trip out of this world!
Woman：It was wonderful! I didn’t want to come back to the real world! Question：What can we learn about Susan?
A． She preferred to live in an unreal world． B． She enjoyed the skiing very much． C． She lost contact with this world． D．She failed to carry out her ski plan．
9．Woman：Wally，the necklace is beautiful，but really，you shouldn’t have!
Man：You’re welcome．I think it looks beautiful on you． Question：What did Wally do for the woman? A． He bought her a necklace．
B． He helped her put on the necklace． C． He helped her choose a necklace． D．He tried to flatter her．
10．Woman：When we lived in Paris I worked part time．But since we moved I just cook and clean．I get tired of doing the same old things day by day．
Man：It sounds like you need to get out of the house． Question：What does the man advise the woman to do? A． To get a job．
B． To move to another place． C． To visit some friends．
D．To do some outdoor exercises．
Part II Vocabulary11----20 ACBDA ABCAA
11．By advocating moderate change，they think that they can keep consumer costs low．
A．reasonable B．radical C．immediate D．minimum
12．Nuclear power，with all its inherent problems，is still the only option to guarantee enough energy in the future．
A．solution B．policy C．choice D．reason
13．The promised wage increase is being held back while it is examined by the government to see if it is greater than the law allows． A．dismissed B．delayed C．neglected D．rejected
14．Safety officials have earnestly questioned whether the increased use of synthetic materials heightens the risk of fire．
A．cautiously B．severely C．accurately D．seriously
15．The book shifted her outlook form social to spiritual，for its theme was that before you change other people you have to change yourself． A．viewpoint B．vocation C．prospect D．preference
16．Racing the clock every day is such as an exhausting effort that when I actually have a few free moments，I tend to collapse．
A．fall down B．fall ill C．fall out D．fall behind 17．The senator agreed that his support of the measure would jeopardize his chances for reelection．
A．benefit B．endanger C．hinder D．disturb
18．The microscope enables scientists to distinguish an incredible number and variety of bacteria．
A．unavoidable B．unchangeable C．unbelievable D．unpredictable
19．He noticed that Joan was studying him closely，but her expression gave away nothing of what she was thinking．
A．revealed B．disposed C．reminded D．distributed
20．At last John Smith chose to step down as the company’s chief executive and return to his roots in software research．
A．resign B．remove C．retire D．replace
21．His essay is____ with more than 120 full-color photographs that depict the national park in all seasons．
A．contained B．illustrated C．exposed D．strengthened 22．Local government____ could be obtained through a local income tax and/or a local sales tax．
A．budget B．expense C．finance D．revenue
23．Even after reading it for three times he couldn’t____ the meaning of that letter．
A．conceive B．consult C．contrast D．concern
24．The temperature in this area is low enough to allow falling snow to____ and slowly transform into ice．
A．preserve B．accumulate C．melt D．spread
25．In calculating the daily calorie requirements for an individual，variations in body size，physical activity and age should be____． A．brought into practice B．taken into account C．thrown light on D．looked down upon
26．The shy girl felt quite____ and uncomfortable when she could not answer the interviewer’s question．
A．amused B．sensitive C．curious D．awkward
27．The courses aim to give graduated an up-to-date grasp of their subject and ____laboratory kills．
A．superficial B．subjective C．structural D．sophisticated 28．There was no light on the way and for a second she hesitated，unable to ____the dim figure awaiting her．
A．set out B．make out理解；辨认出； C．pick up D．clear up 29．Some people apparently have an amazing ability to ____the right answer． A．come up with B．look up to C．put up with D．clear up
30．I had been a university student for three years，but not until afternoon had felt the thrill of____
A．confusion B．disappointment C．sensation D．fulfillment Part III Reading Comprehension21----30 BDAAB DDBAD
Passage One
The may be one of Britain’s most successful exports and among the world’s most popular TV
shows，ranking alongside the World Cup Final and the Olympic Games opening ceremony in terms of audience．But，in Britain，beauty competitions are unfashionable．To most people，beauty contests seem as out- dated as bowing．Nicolas Barker，a lawyer in London，said that“As much as I think it’s fine for women to do it，I don’t think it’s interesting and in fact，I think they’re irrelevant to today．”Last year，Miss World was broadcast to 142 countries，but it wasn’t even shown in this country where it started in 1951．
It wasn’t always this way in Britain．Once，beauty queens dated footballers，traveled the world and were guaranteed fame，fortune and fun．Now，they open new supermarkets，are sponsored by dry-cleaning companies and，if they’re lucky，they get free clothes from supermarkets． When Francesca Marchant was crowned Miss Sussex in 1969 it was something to be extremely proud of．“I came from a small town，and all my friends were green with envy when they found out I’d won．My boyfriends at the time thought it was terrific and boasted to everyone that be was going out with a beauty queen．”
But the good times couldn’t last．The feminist movement gathered moments on．Some women were determined to bring an end to these“cattle shows” ．Nowadays，saying that you were a beauty queen just doesn’t sound good．
Miss World orgainizers claim that contestants are judged on qualities other than just their physical appearance．But，Jacqueline Gold，England’s representative at this year’s contest，was not chose because of her academic record．The Miss World Website states that she“left school having gaining many computer qualifications，and certificates in First Aid and Life Saving”，meaning，not much of an education．
The only time the contests attraction now is because of the protesters．At the 1999 Miss World in Britain，around 60 demonstrators hurled flour bombs and fought with the police．They denounced the beauty contest as a “sexist cattle market” ．They waved banners saying“fat girls are cool”and“women’s bodies are not for sale” ． 31----40
31．Beauty contests in Britain are now____． A．bringing huge benefits for the country B．as popular as the World Cup Final C．no longer popular in the country D．widely protested in the country
32．The attitude of Nicolas Baker towards beauty contests is that____． A．women shouldn’t attend the contests
B．the contests are line but he doesn’t like them C．the contests are insults to women D．the contests are behind the times 33．In the 60s and 70s，beauty queens____ A．were sponsored by dry-cleaning companies B．were admired by most people
C．did not have a good supermarkets
34．The author used Jacqueline Gold as an example to show that____ A．her academic record was very strong
B．she had gained many qualifications and certificates C．contestants are judged on their physical appearance D．contestants are judged on their education 35．The best title for the passage might be____ A．Beauty Contests：Insults to Women B．Beauty Contests：Sexist Cattle Market
C．Beauty Contests：A Headache for British people
D．Beauty Contests：Started in Britain but Unpopular Now Passage Two
A particular area in which assumptions and values difler between culture is that of friendship．Friendships among Americans tend to be shorter and less intense than those among people from many other cultures．At least many observers from abroad have this impression．Because Americans are taught to be self-reliant，because they live in a very mobile society，and for many other reasons as well，they tend to avoid deep involvement with other peopl．Furthermore，Americans tend to“compartmentalize”their friendships，having their“friends at work”，“friends at school”，a“tennis friend”，and so on．Americans often seem very friends，even when you first meet them．This friendliness does not usually mean that the American is looking for a deeper relationship．
The result of these attitudes and behaviors is sometimes viewed by foreigner as an “inability to be friends” ．Other times it is seen as a normal way to retain personal happiness in a mobile，ever-changing society．
People normally have in their minds stereotypes about people who are different from themselves．Stereotypes are based on limited and incomplete
experience and information，but they shape people’s thoughts and expectations．Americans have many stereotypes about foreign students in general(for example，that they are very hard working，intelligent，and rich；that they do not speak English well)and about particular categories of foreign students(Chinese are polite and good at mathematics，for example，or Italians are emotional) ．And foreign students have their own stereotypes of Americans，for example，that they are arrogant，rude，and generous．
There are two stereotypes that often effect male-female relationships involving U．S．and foreign students．The first is the idea，held by some foreign males，that American females are invariably willing，if not anxious，to have sex．The second common stereotype，held by some American females，is that male foreign students have no interest in American females other than having sex with them．The existence of these and other stereotypes can give rise to considerable misunderstanding and can block the development of a mutually satisfactory relationship between particular individuals．Stereotypes seem unavoidable，given the way the human mind seeks to categorize and classify information，so it is not realistic to suppose people can“forget their stereotypes” ．But they can be aware of their stereotypes，and be ready to find exceptions to them． CDBCD BADCA
36．Concerning friendship，Americans____
A．look for a deeper relationship in a close circle B．avoid deep relationship with other people
C．are friendly at first but do not remain so later on D．do not make good friends
37．The word“compartmentalize”in the first paragraph means“_____” A．separate in categories B．treat differently C．evaluate accordingly D．judge fairly
38．The author’s attitude toward the American type of friendship seems to be____
A．approving B．critical C．biased D．objective
39．According to the author，stereotypes concerning male-female relationships involving U．S．and foreign students are____ A．helpful B．meaning less C．harmful D．useless
40．According to the author，stereotypes seem unavoidable because____ A．it is natural to have them B．it is easy to find exceptions
C．they provide better understanding D．they contribute to friendship
Passage Three
In The Birth Order Book：Why You Are the Way You Are(2004)，Dr．Kevin Leman notes that 21 of the first 23 Americans in space were first-born males or only children．More than half of United States presidents have been first-borns or first-born boys．Its a pretty significant finding historically，because families used to be bigger than they are today．
In addition to being high achievers，older children also generally have higher IQs(智商)than younger ones．Researchers have noted that the more kids a family has，the lower each child’s individual IQ tends to be．They give a few reasons for this．
Parents only have so much time，attention，and money．The more kids they have the more these things are divided．First-borns initially get the entire parental-time pie．What’s more，the ratio of grown-ups to kids decreases with each new baby．So the younger ones are surrounded bymore children’s language on average than the older kids．Some researchers think parental attention is the key to personality birth-order differences．In His book Born to Rebel，psychologist Frank Sulloway says competition for Mom and Dad’s attention is the thing that really shapes our personalities and，in fact has shaped history．He argues that we adapt our personalities as part of our strategy to seek favor from Mom and Dad．Younger siblings(兄弟姐妹) tend to become rebels．Sulloway studied political activists and found that later-born activists were more radical than their first-born peers．
The conclusion of his book is that sibling competition for parental attention can affect society as a whole in times of revolution．Thomas Jefferson，Karl Marx，and Fidel Castro were all younger siblings，for example．
As compelling as this all is，it’s also something we should probably take with caution，there are other things that happen to us in life besides the addition of siblings to our families．A parent can die；a hurricane can leave us homeless；we can catch a life-threatening disease．Any one of these things will probably have more of an effect on our personalities than the presenon of siblings．
A 2002 study bore this out．After interviewing 535 undergraduates，researchers concluded that personality differences were widely supported by research．41----50 DABCD
41．What is implied by“the younger ones are surrounded by more children’s language on average than the older kids”(Para．3)
A．Younger children need parental rather than siblings’ attention． B．Younger children need siblings’ rather than parental attention． C．Younger children feel uncomfortable with more siblings．
D．Younger children have less chance to talk with their parents． 42．Sulloway，author of Born to Rebel，suggests that younger siblings____ A．try hard to get attention from their parents B．are less likely to shape history
C．are winners in getting parental attention D．seldom adapt their personalities
43．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor shaping personality?
A．Death of a parent． B．Children’s language． C．A natural disaster． D．A fatal discase．
44．What is the meaning of“folklore”in the last paragraph? A．Traditional customs and beliefs． B．Verified hypotheses．
C．Widely held unsupported notions． D．Tales of sayings preserved orally．
45．Which of the following statements is proposed by researchers? A．Later-borns do not compete for attention． B．First-borns tend to become rebels． C．Later-borns are prone to diseases．
D．First-borns achieve more than younger ones． Passage Four
Does money buy happiness? It’s sometimes said that scientists have found no relationship between money and happiness，but that’s myth，says Uiversity of Illinois psychologist Ed Diener．
shortage country, therefore we Chinese should save (economize) resources so as to ensure the sustainable development for Chinese economy.
Part II Writing
Who and How to Take Care of the Seniors? Since China adopted one-child policy，together with improvement made in the social undertakings such as welfare and health care，there has emerged a problem of how to support the seniors． As every coin has two sides，the side-effect of one-child policy has appeared. The child, regarded by other family members as the little prince or princess，always has his wishes satisfied without difficulty．Growing up in such a family，no wonder they lack the sense of caring for others and learning to be independent of their parents．Can they support their aging parents whose life expectancy has been prolonged?
To effectively cope with this social problem of taking care of the seniors today．I may put forward several suggestions：First，young adults in a family should spend more time with their elder members，giving financial help，chatting over favorite topics，doing family work．Secondly，the governments at all levels should finance the construction of more seniors care centers for aged people who wish to lessen the burden of their children．Last but not the least，the sense of responsibility for caring the seniors should be planted to the heart of everyone．
To sum up，I firmly hold that taking care of the seniors is one of the traditional virtues in China and it involves the effort of young adults together with the love from every corner of the society，particular social institutions．Only by doing so can we build a harmonious society．