( )12. Help _____ to some sweets, everyone. A) yourselves A) another
B) your own
C) yourself
D) by yourself
( )13. He has six uncles. Five of them are doctors and _____ is a driver.
B) the sixth
C) other
D) the other
( )14. Believe or not, I did it all by _______.
A) me B) us A) either B) none
C) myself D) ourselves C) both D) neither
( )15. A: Are these two books yours ? B: No, _____ of them is mine. ( )16. Neither of the twins _____ the toy train.
A) like B) likes C) is like D) are like
四、数词: 表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数词。
数词有基数词和序数词之分：基数词表示数量概念；序数词表示顺序概念。首先要注意一些数词在写法上的变化，如：forty；ninth；twentieth更要注意它们在句子中的不同用法和变化。
例题解析:
( ) About _____ students went to the picture show that day. A) hundreds of
B) two hundreds
C) two hundred of
D) two hundred
“about”意为“大约”，是指具体数量，因此，不能用表示不定数量的词语“hundreds of”（意为“成百个”）。在表示确定数量时，英语中的“hundred”不加“s”，即不变复数。再由于“students”前没有定冠词“the”，不是“其中”之意，因此，也不能加介词“of”。 所以本题答案应该选“D”。 ( ) _____ of _____ Class Four students have joined the singing group. A) Three-fifths, the B) Three-fifth, the
C) Three-fifths, /
D) Three-fifth, /
英语中，“几分之几”的表达方式是分子用基数词、分母用序数词，中间用短横“–”连接。当分子大于“一”时，分母序数词要加“s”。再由于本题句中数量用的是“of”词组，即意为“其中的五分之三”，因此后面的名词“students”必定是“确指”的，要加定冠词“the”。 所以本题答案应该选“A”。在这里要特别注意的是：不要看到“students”前有修饰词“Class Four”就不敢加定冠词“the”，要懂得这里的“the”是修饰“students”的。同样，“the English language”词语的表达形式也类似于此种情况。
习题训练:
Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内): ( ) 1.John has twelve coins and Joan has _____ ones, three times as many as John. A) thirteen A) 56348574
B) fifteen B) 200333
C) thirty-six C) a quarter
D) forty-eight D) a dozen
( ) 2.The post code used in our neighbourhood is _____. ( ) 3.Today is her brother?s birthday. _____ is on _____.
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A) She, fifth of May B) She, May fifth A) Two-three
B) Two-thirds
C) Hers, May fifth C) Two-threes
D) Hers, May the fifth D) Two-third
( ) 4. _____ of the students go to school by bike. ( ) 5.There are about _____ seats in the hall.
A) two hundreds B) two hundred C) hundreds of ( ) 6. A: How often should we publish the paper? B: _____. A) In one week?s time B) Once a month A) hundreds of
五、介词:
介词是一种虚词，它不能单独使用，后面要跟名词、人称代词宾格或动名词。同一个动词，搭配不同的介词，可以衍变出各种不同含义的词组来，而且在不同场合所用介词也各不相同。因此，介词的用法是比较复杂的，要求我们去逐个记住。只有在看懂、理解整个句意的前提下，才能选对正确的介词。
例题解析:
( ) Mr. Brown flew to Washington _____ the night before last.
A) in
B) on
C) at
D) /
在表达某一天的具体时间时，应该用介词“on”。但是本句是表达“在前天的夜里”，与“在前天”(the day before yesterday）相仿，前面不该用任何介词，所以本题答案应该选“D”。 ( ) The school gate is ______ the north of the classroom building. A) in B) to
C) on
D) at
在英语中，表达“东、南、西、北”的方位介词常见有三个：表示在方位区域的内部时，用介词“in”。如：The playground is in the south of the school.（操场在学校的南面。）表示在与方位区域连壤的外部时，应该用介词“on”。如：Room 203 is on the west of Room 205.（203室在205室的西面。）表示在与方位区域不连壤的外部时，应该用介词“to”。如：Shanghai is to the east of Nanjing.（上海在南京的东面。）本题的“校门”在“教学大楼”的北面，应该用介词“to”，所以答案应该选“B”。
( ) You?ll get one thousand dollars _____. A) after all
B) at all
C) in all
D) all together
“after all”意为“到底”、“毕竟”、“终于”；“at all”通常与“not”连用，意为“完全不”、“一点也不”；“in all”通常用于数量词后面，意为“总共”，同义词是“altogether”。所以本题答案应该选“C”。 ( ) This bus can run _____ 70 miles an hour. A) for
B) with
C) at
D) in
在表示“速度”、“温度”、“价格”意思时，应该用介词“at”。所以本题答案应该选“C”。 ( ) It?s said he stayed there quietly _____ two o?clock that afternoon.
D) two hundred of
C) After two weeks D) For half a month
( ) 7. About _____ the students went to the Science Museum last Thursday.
B) two hundred C) two hundred of D) two hundreds
A) on B) at C) until
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D) by
“at two o?clock that afternoon”意为“在昨天下午两点钟”，时态通常用“过去进行时”；“by two o?clock that afternoon”意为“在昨天下午两点钟前”， 时态通常用“过去完成时”；“until two o?clock that afternoon”意为“直到昨天下午两点钟”， 时态通常用“一般过去时”。本句中“stay”是延续动词，因此可用“until”句型；如果句中谓语是瞬间动词的话，就应该用“not …until”句型了。所以本题答案应该选“C”。
( ) Tom didn?t attend the lecture yesterday evening _____ his illness. A) as
B) for
C) because
D)because of
在本句中，“因为生病”是一个词语，而不是原因状语从句，因此，不能选连词“as”、“for”或“because”来连接，而要用介词词组“because of”。所以本题答案应该选“D”。 ( ) Now it?s quite important _____ us to make full use of time. A) for
B) to
C) of
D) with
“It?s important to sb.”（ 意为“它对某人来说很重要”）是词语搭配，“It?s … for sb. to do …”（意为“做某事对某人来说是怎样的”）是句型。当两者交叉、重叠使用时，词语要让位于句型。所以本题答案应该选“A”。同样，“I like it so much that …”句型中用“so”、而不用“very”，也属于这种类型的表达方式。
( ) It?s nice _____ you to get the ticket _____ F1. It?s said the car-race is very exciting. A) of, for
B) for, for
C) of, of
D) for, of
这句是“It?s … of sb. to do”句型，意为“某人真是怎么样，做了某事”。后半句中“ticket for”是固定词语，意为“什么内容的票子”。 所以本题答案应该选“A”。
习题训练:
Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内): ( ) 1. You can draw it ______ paints and brushes. A) by A) as
B) with B) with
B) are, in
C) in
D) use
D) for
( ) 2. What did you have ______ breakfast?
C) about
C) is, /
( ) 3. The police _____ helping to make our city a safe place to live and work _____. A) is, in A) of A) in A) on
D) are, /
D) to show D) for
D) into D) Attentively D) / , to
( ) 4. I?ve got three question _____ you to think about.
B) for
B) on
C) give C) at
( ) 5. We can ask people _____ the Festival to do the quiz.
( ) 6. What happens when we put some sugar _____ a glass of warm water?
B) off B) In the end B) / , by
C) out C) Last C) to, from
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( ) 7. _____ they arrived at the village after all. A) At the end A) to, by
( ) 8. The class teacher was sent _____ Christmas cards _____ some of the students.
( ) 9. Q: What is that film _____? A: It?s a science film. A) like A) offer A) on, for A) a kind A) of
A) is, with
B) about B) to give B) for, on B) a kind of B) from B) is, in
C) on C) to C) with, for C) kind of C) up of C) are, with
D) for D) for D) with, on D) kinds of D) up from D) are, in
( )10. Why not ask your friend _____ some advice if you?re really in trouble? ( )11. The beautiful house is _____ sale. But it won?t be _____ sale. ( )12. The weather here was _____ cold last week.
( )13. The singing group is made _____ four handsome lads. ( )14. Something _____ wrong _____ my watch, I'm afraid. ( )15. There _____ a man and two women _____ the picture.
A) is, on B) are, in C) are, on D) is, in ( )16. Mary doesn?t know what lies ahead. _____ , she?s only 12.
A) At all B) In all C) After all D) For all ( )17. Should we _____ the postage _____ the parcel by ourselves? A) pay, on
B) pay, of
C) pay for, on
D) pay for, of
( )18. Alice _____ her service to the public. A) was awarded the prize for C) was proud for
六.动词:
动词八种时态、语态和几种变化形式
八种时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 (经常,反复,爱好,特点,条件,真理) do; does am;is;are done 一般过去时 (过去发生的事,不强调现在的结果) did; -ed was;were done 一般将来时 (将要发生的事) will do will be done 现在进行时 (现在正在发生的事) am;is;are doing am;is;are being done 过去进行时 (当时正在发生的事) was;were doing was;were being done 现在完成时 (过去发生的事,强调现在的结果) have;has done have;has been done 过去完成时 (过去完成的事；过去以前发生的事) had done had been done 过去将来时 (过去将要发生的事) would do would be done 不定式: do; not do; to do; not to do 命令式: do; don't do 现在分词: doing 动名词: doing 过去分词: done 例题解析:
( ) Look. Mary _____ a nice dog. She _____ it just now.
B) was deserved to get the prize for D) was pleased for
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A) has drawn, drew B) drew, has drawn C) is drawing, drew D) is drawing, has drawn
在“Look”、“It?s evening”、“Where is sb. …?”等句子后面，可能要用“现在进行时”，也有可能要用“现在完成时”。反正，要根据具体情况来具体分析，考虑问题一定要从整体情况着眼。本题后半句“just now”意为“刚才”，很明显要用“一般过去时”，因此前句如用“现在进行时”就不妥，造成句意逻辑上的错误。前句用“现在完成时”才对。所以本题答案应该选“A”。 ( ) This kind of fridge _____ very well.
A) sell B) sells C) are sold
D) is sold
在英语中，表达某物销路不错，要用表示“特点”的“一般现在时”形式，而不能用“被卖”这种被动语态形式来表示。由于本句主语“this kind of fridge”是单数第三人称，所以本题答案应该选“B”。
( ) What _____ Mr. Smith? He looks worried so much. A) happens with
B) happens to
C) happened with
D) happened to
在英语中，“发生”通常可译为“happened”或“took place”，要注意它不能变“被动语态”。本题之意是“史密斯先生发生了什么事？他显得很焦虑。”因此，“发生”不能用表示经常行为的“一般现在时”形式，应该用“一般过去时”的“happened to sb.”固定词组来表达。所以本题答案应该选“D”。
( ) Mary: Shall I tell Michael about the news?
Jack: No, you __________. He?s already known it. A) can?t B) mustn?t C) needn?t D) don?t 本题是考核情态动词句型的正确回答。在“Must I do …?”、“Shall I do …?”、“Would you like me to do …?”问句后面都可以用“No, you needn?t.”(不必要)来回答。本题根据后句的句意应该选此回答为妥。所以答案应该选“C”。在“May I …?”问句后面，通常有以下几种否定回答：1. No, you mustn?t. 2.No, you may not. 3. Sorry, you can?t. 4.I?m afraid you can?t. 5. No, you can?t. ( ) _____ clothes are usually _____ near a fire in winter. A) Washed, hung
B) Washed, hanged
C) Washing, hung
D) Washing, hanged
“washed”意为“被洗过的”，可以修饰“衣服”；“washing”意为“正在洗的”，它该修饰人、不该修饰“衣服”。后句意为“被挂在火炉旁”，该用过去分词“hung”才对。“hanged”也是“hang”的过去分词，但是它的意思是“被绞死”。所以本题答案应该选“A”。 ( ) The book _____ by me. I _____ it to a friend of mine. A) is written, sent C) was written, sent
B) is written, have sent D) was written, have sent
“书是被某人写的”、“书是在某地方被写的”都是表示发生在以前的动作，该用一般过去时被动语态。如过说“书是被用英语写的”，那就是指书的特点了，就该用一般现在时被动语态了。后半句意为“我把它寄给朋友了”是强调现在书不在我这里。不是强调过去寄的，不该用一般过去时，而该用现在完成时。这种类型的时态，学生最容易错，千万要注意。英语中有许多动作是以前发生的、但没有时间状语的句子都用“现在完成时”表达。所以本题答案应该选“D”。 ( ) Mr. Jackson _____ the city quite well since he _____ in the city for a couple of years. A) knows, was
B) has known, was
C) knows, has been
D) has known, has been
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