years apart , and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece, but it is interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas , and how these ideas in turn ,shaped their societies.
Neither philosopher lived in times of peace, though there were more wars un Greece than in China. The Chinese states were very large and feudal, while the Greek city-states were small and urban. The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical than Confucius. Unlike Confucius, Socrates was not asked by rules how to govern effectively. Thus, Socrates was able to be more idealistic, focusing on issues like freedom, and knowledge for its own sake. Confucius, on the other hand, advised those in government service, and many of his students went out to government service.
Confucius suggested the Golden Rule as a principle for the conduct of life:” Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you.” He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some bad more potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on the individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom. He believed that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的)classes.
For Socrates, the family was of no importance, and the community of little concern. For Confucius, however, the family was the centre of the society, with family relations considered much more important than political relations.
Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes. 64. Which of the following is TURE according to the first paragraph? A. Socrates and Confucius had much in common, B. Confucius had much influence on Socrates’ ideas.
C. The societies ware influenced by the philosophers’ ideas. D. There were cultural exchanges between China and Greece. 答案：C
考点：细节理解。
题目: 从第一段中得出以下哪一个是正确的？ A: 孔子和苏格拉底有很多共同之处
B: 孔子对于苏格拉底的观念起了很大影响 C: 社会被哲学家的观念所影响 D:在中国和希腊之间有文化交流
解析： 从文中第一段最后一句的后半句得出答案。文中说到两位哲学家孔子和苏格拉底，世界影响了他们哲学观念的塑造，同样他们的观念也影响了他们的社会。C选项最符合文意，ABC选项原文均未提及。
65. Socrates shared with Confucius the idea that . A. all men were equal when they were born
B. the lower classed should be ruled by the upper class C. the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom
D. people should not ask others to do what they did not want to 答案：B
考点：细节理解
题目: 苏格拉斯与孔子一致的观念是？ A: 众生平等
B:下层阶级应该被上层阶级管理
C: 人的目标就是追求自由和智慧 D: 己所不欲，勿施于人
解析： 第三段最后一句得出答案。ABC选项均是在陈述孔子的观点，只有B选项是在说苏格拉底的哲学理念。像孔夫子一样，苏格拉底相信上层阶级应该统治下层阶级。 66. What made some people different from others according to Confucius?
A. Family. B. Potential. C. Knowledge. D. Community. 答案：C
考点：细节理解
题目: 根据孔子所述，什么使众生彼此不相同？
A:家庭 B: 潜能 C: 知识 D: 社团
解析：从文中第三段第二句得出答案。孔子认为人出生时都是平等的，虽然有些人有过人的潜能，是知识使人与人之间不相同。
67. This passage is organized in the pattern of , A. time and events
B. comparison and contrast C. cause and effect
D. definition and classification 答案：B
考点：篇章结构理解题
题目: 文章是以什么结构组织展开？ A: 时间和事件 B: 比较和对照 C: 起因和结果 D: 定义和分类 解析：本篇文章通篇采用对比的手法，将孔子和苏格拉底在哲学观念上的相同以及不同之处进行比较论述。故选择B选项。
D
Modern inventions have speeded up people’s loves amazingly. Motor-cars cover a hundred miles in little more than an hour, aircraft cross the world inside a day, while computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. Every year motor-cars are
produced which go even faster and each new computer boats (吹嘘) of saving precious seconds in handling tasks.
All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet-lag; our bodies feel that they have been left behind on another time zone. Again, spending too long at computers results in painful wrists and fingers. Mobile phones also have their dangers, according to some scientist; too much use may transmit harmful radiation into our brains, a consequence we do not like to think about.
However, what do we do with the time we have saved? Certainly not relax, or so it seems. We are so accustomed constant activity that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing or even just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world.
There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace, and in a
familiar pattern. There is much that we might envy about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestor faced: they farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modern machinery has freed people from that primitive existence.
68. The new products become more and more time-saving because . A. our love of speed seems never-ending B. time is limited.
C. the prices are increasingly high. D. the manufactures boast a lot. 答案：A
题目: 新发明变得越来越省时, 是因为？
A. 我们对速度的热爱从未停止。 可回原文定位never-ending（因为有连词符号）。原文第一段说到Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending.事实上, 我们对速度的热爱从未停止。A选项是对原文的同意改写。 B. 时间有限。原文未提及。
C. 价格日渐攀升。原文未提及价格因素。
D. 生产商大肆吹嘘。回原文定位Boast(因为有中文注释).第一段最后一句说Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boats (吹嘘) of saving precious seconds in handling tasks.
解析：每年都有更高速的新车出产, 而且新电脑也吹嘘能节省宝贵的每一秒钟。可见, 题目和选项矛盾。越来越省时是事实, 不是因为吹嘘而变得省时了。 69. What does “the days” in Paragraph 3 refer to ?
A. Imaginary life B. Simple life in the past. C. Times of inventions D. Time for constant activity. 答案：B
题目: 第三段的“the days”指的是什么？ A: 想象的生活 B: 过去的简单生活 C: 发明的时间
D: 连续活动的时间 解析： 回原文定位第三段该句Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world.也许, 我们静静聆听广播里的故事节目, 任想象插上翅膀肆意翱翔的日子, 已经一去不返了。根据前后一句可得知, 文章重点是说的高速生活和简单生活的对比。故:B选项是对原文的正确解读。而A选项的理解有偏差, 重点转移了。
70. What is the author’s attitude towards the modern technology?
A. Critical B. Objective. C. Optimistic. D. Negative. 答案：B
题目: 作者对现代科技的态度是？
A: 批判的 B: 客观的 C: 乐观的 D: 消极的 解析： 根据文章结构, 第一段陈述事实, 说现代高科技省时省力。第二段说高速生活的弊端。第三段说对简单生活的向往, 但最后第四段却说高科技对现代生活的积极影响。所以, 作者的观点是不偏不倚的。
71. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The present and past times. B. Machinery and human beings. C. Imaginations and inventions.
D. Modern technology and its influence. 答案：D
题目: 这篇文章主要说的是什么？ A: 过去与现在 B: 机器和人类 C: 想象力和创造力
D: 现代科技和它的影响
解析： 根据文章首尾段的大意可知, 文章重在分析高科技的利与弊。
E
Every day we experience one of the wonders of the world around us without even realizing it. It is not the amazing complexity of television, nor the impressive technology of transport. The universal wonder we share and experience is our ability to make noise without mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each other’s minds. This ability comes so naturally that we tend to forget what a miracle (奇迹) it is.
Obviously, the ability to talk is something that marks humans off from animal. Of course, some animals have powers just as amazing, Birds can fly thousands miles by \\observing positions of the stars in the sky in relation to the time of day and year. In Nature’s talent show, humans are a species of animal that have developed their own special act. If we reduce it to basic terms, it’s an ability for communicating information to others, by varying sounds we make as we breathe out. Not that we don’t have other powers of communication. Our facial expressions convey our emotions, such as anger, or joy, or disappointment. The way we hold our heads can indicate to others whether we are happy or sad. This is so-called “body language”. Bristling (直立的) fur is an unmistakable warning of attack among many animals. Similarly, the bowed head or drooping tail shows a readiness to take second place in any animal gathering.
Such a means of communication is a basic mechanism that animals, including human beings, instinctively acquire and display. Is the ability to speak just another sort of instinct? If so, how did human beings acquire this amazing skills ? Biologist can readily indicate that particular area of our brain where speech mechanisms function, but this doesn’t tell us how that part of our bodies originated in our biological history.
本文是介绍关于人类使用语言的能力的说明文, 主要阐述人区分动物的特殊能力及其相似性。
72. According to the passage, the wonder we take for granted is . A. our ability to use language B. the miracle of technology C. the amazing power of nature
D. our ability to make noises with mouth 答案：A
考点：细节理解题。
题目: 根据文章, 我们认为理所当然的奇迹是: A: 我们使用语言的能力 B: 技术的奇迹
C: 自然的惊人力量
D: 我们用嘴制造噪音的能力。
解析：根据第一段倒数第二句话The universal wonder we share and experience is our ability to make noise without mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each other’s minds.可知: 我们把使用语言的能力这个奇迹当做理所当然。B, C选项与文章不符, 在第一段第二句话中可得知。D选项易误导学生, 在文章中虽然有原话, 但一句话没有说完, 关键是通过嘴巴发出的声音去给其他人传递信息。故D选项也是错误的。
73. What feature of “body language” mentioned in the passage is common to both human an animals?
A. Lifting heads when sad.
B. Keeping long faces when angry. C. Bristling hair when ready to attack. D. Bowing heads when willing to obey. 答案：D
考点：细节理解题。
题目: 文章中提到的“肢体语言”的什么特征对于人类和动物都是共同的: A: 伤心时抬头 B: 愤怒时拉长脸
C: 准备攻击时直立毛皮 D: 乐意服从时低头
解析： 根据第三段最后一句话“Similarly, the bowed head or drooping tail shows …..”可知答案。A和B选项描绘的是人的肢体语言特征。C 选项描绘的是动物的肢体语言。 74. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A. Body language is unique to humans.
B. Animals express emotions just as humans do. C. Humans have other powers of communication.
D. Humans are no different from animals to some degree. 答案：D
考点：推理判断题。
题目: 从第三段可以推段出: A: 肢体语言是人类独一无二的 B: 动物和人类一样表达情感 C: 人类有其他交流的能力
D: 人类在某种程度上和动物是相同的 解析： 根据第三段后三句话可知: 人类在某种程度上和动物没有不同。从段落中可得知A, B, C 均与文章不符。
75. This passage is mainly about . A. the development of body language. B. the special role humans play in nature C. the power to convey information to others
D. the difference between humans and animals in language use 答案：C
考点：主旨大意题。
题目: 这篇文章主要讲述什么？