and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A)
Cure for tiredness?
Staying up late is a potential battle between parents and kids. But the solution could be as simple as changing your meal time.
Researchers at the University of Surry, UK, found that delaying meals could help change one of the internal body clocks. Besides a “master” clock in the brain, there are clocks in other parts of the body. They are usually synchronized according to factors including light.
During the study, researchers tested 10 participants to examine the effect of changing meal times on their body clocks. The participants were given three meals – breakfast, lunch and dinner. In the first stage, participants received breakfast 30 minutes after waking. Lunch and dinner followed, after 5-hour intervals. In the second stage, each meal was delayed by 5 hours. Right after each stage, blood and fat samples were collected.
Results showed that later meal times greatly influenced blood sugar levels. A 5-hour delay in meal times caused a 5-hour delay in the internal blood sugar rhythms.
The discovery showed that meal times are in line with the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This is a small study but the researchers believe the findings could help jet lag sufferers and night-shift workers.
In a study by the University of Surrey in 2013, researchers explored what happened when a person’s body was changed from a normal pattern to that of a night-shift worker’s.
After people work through the night, over 97 percent of the body’s rhythmic genes are disrupted.
These findings explain why we feel so bad following a long flight, or after working at night, according to Simon Archer, one of the study’s researchers.
“It’s like living in a house. There’s a clock in every room in the house and in all of those rooms those clocks are now disrupted, which of course leads to chaos in the household,” fellow researcher DerkJan Dijk told the BBC.
Changing meal times didn’t affect the “master” body clock – the one controlling when we get sleepy – but it can reset the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.
This wouldn’t necessarily cure jet lag completely, but it might reduce the negative effects.
A study published earlier this year suggested that just a weekend camping trip could be enough to reset our body clocks. And now this latest research shows regular food schedules could play a key part too.
56. What did researchers at the University of Surrey find from their new study? A. Connections between the “master” clock and clocks in other parts of the body. B. Changing meal times can be enough to reset one of our body clocks.
C. A delay in meal times causes an irregular change in blood sugar rhythms.
D. Blood sugar levels are affected by when we eat rather than by our internal clocks.
57. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the new study, according to the article? A. The interval between each meal being given was different.
B. Blood and fat samples of the two groups of participants were collected. C. Participants were asked to report their feelings after each stage.
D. Each meal was served five hours later during the second stage.
58. What can we learn from the study by researchers at the University of Surrey from 2013? A. All our body’s genes would be disrupted if we worked through the night. B. Our genes often become less active after a long flight or night of work. C. The disruption of one gene could lead to the disruption of other genes. D. A disruption to the body’s rhythmic genes can cause people to feel bad.
59. According to the article, ______.
A. it’s impossible to reduce the negative effects caused by jet lag or night work B. there is more than one way to reset body clocks
C. the “master” body clock controls all the other body clocks D. a change in meal times can reset the “master” body clock (B) Canada Apprentice (学徒) Loan Basics The Canada Apprentice Loan is available to help registered Red Seal apprentices cover the cost of their training. What you need to know ●The Government of Canada offers apprentices registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program up to $4,000 per period of technical training. ●You can get Canada Apprentice Loans for up to 5 periods of technical training. ●Your loan will be interest-free for up to 6 years as long as you are confirmed as being registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program. ●You do not have to make any loan payments as long as your loan is in interest-free status. Eligibility（资格） To be eligible, you must meet all of these criteria： ●be a Canadian Citizen, Permanent Resident, or Protected Person； ●be registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program that is designated by the province or territory where you are registered as an apprentice； ●be enrolled in block release technical training or the equivalent fulltime technical training with an approved technical training provider; ●pass a credit check (required if you are applying for the first time)． You are not eligible if you： ●are a high school student； ●are an apprentice registered in the province of Quebec； ●are receiving a Canada Student Loan for the same technical training； ●have been told that you are restricted from receiving a Canada Apprentice Loan or a Canada Student Loan； ●have already received funding for 5 periods of technical training； ●have already received 6 years of interest-free status. 60. Who will fail to get Canada Apprentice Loans according to the passage? A. An apprentice who used to study in the province of Quebec.
B. An apprentice who got the Canadian Citizenship three years ago.
C. An apprentice who is looking for an approved technical training provider. D. An apprentice who has been funded for technical training three times.
61. Which of the following statements is False according to the passage? A. You can get the loan without paying the interest. B. You can totally get the loan of $20,000 in 5 periods.
C. You should be registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program.
D. You have to make some loan payment even though your loan is in interest-free status. 62. The purpose of the passage is intended to ________． A. promote the business of Canadian banks B. help students in need complete their studies C. recruit more apprentices for Canadian companies
D. provide apprentices with fund to receive technical training
(C)
The battle for women’s right to vote
One hundred years ago, British women were given the vote for the first time. How did it come about?
The first appeals for women’s right to vote in Britain date from the early 19th century. In 1818, in his Plan of Parliamentary Reform, Jeremy Bentham insisted that women should be given the vote. Women at the time had no political rights at all– they were deemed to be represented by their husbands or fathers. The old arguments prevailed. Women, it was said, were mentally less able than men; their “natural sphere” was in the home; they were unable to fight for their country, and thus undeserving of full rights; moreover, they simply didn’t want the vote. This was at least partly true. “I have never felt the want of a vote,” declared Florence Nightingale in 1867, while Queen Victoria condemned the “mad, wicked folly of women’s rights”. Even George Eliot was reluctant to back the cause.
It wasn’t until the second half of the 19th century that the first campaigning women’s groups were formed. Initially they focused on the lack of education, employment opportunities and legal rights for women (married women, at the time, had no independent legal standing); but the question of the vote gradually became central to their demands – both symbolically, as a recognition of women’s rights, and practically, as a means of
improving women’s lives.
However, the women’s campaigning was still a subject of debate. While most historians agree that the campaigns were initially very effective in mobilizing women and highlighting injustices, a series of mass processions followed; more than 250,000 women protested in Hyde Park in 1908. Many were arrested and ill-treated; prisoners who went on hunger strike were brutally force-fed. Over time they became steadily more militant – smashing shop windows, setting fire to letter boxes, libraries and even homes. The PM, Herbert Asquith, an opponent of women’s votes, was attacked with a dog whip. Such use of violence was thought, certainly at the time, to have been unfavorable.
With the sacrifices of the First World War strengthening support for widening the right to vote generally, women suspended campaigning. More than a million women were newly employed outside the home --in munitions (军需品) factories, engineering works. Crucially, Asquith was replaced as PM by David Lloyd George, a supporter of votes for women. The Representation of the People Act 1918 was introduced by the coalition government and passed by a majority of 385 to 55, gaining the Royal Assent on 6 February 1918. Women over 30, who were householders or married to one, or university graduates, were given the vote.
63. Which of the following is NOT the reason why women were not qualified to vote? A. Women were supposed to do housework and serve their husbands. B. Women were too weak to fight against enemies. C. Women had already enjoyed many political rights. D. Women were not as intelligent as men.
64. According to the passage, why did women’s campaigning arouse debate? A. Because it failed to mobilize women and emphasize injustices. B. Because women were put in prison and abused during the protest. C. Because most women didn’t want the vote.
D. Because all the emotional behaviors were regarded as improper.
65. The word “militant” (in Line 5, Para.4) probably refers to ______________. A. imposing.
66. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Women stopped protesting for their vote because they were offered more job
opportunities.
B. extreme.
C. negative.
D. obedient.