OG TEST 1
SECTION 2
1.2.1
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn?s ____ proved keenest when he accurately predicted that his books would someday appear in his native Russia. A. foresight B. nostalgia C. folly D. despair E. artistry
1.2.2
The simple and direct images in Dorothea Lange?s photographs provide ____ reflection of a bygone social milieu. A: an intricate B: a candid
C: an ostentatious D: a fictional E: a convoluted
Ostentatious
Characterized by or given to ostentation; pretentious 炫耀的，夸耀的；自命不凡的
They were neither aggressive nor ostentatious. 他们不好斗, 也不爱炫耀自己。 See Synonyms at showy 参见showy 1.2.3
Kate?s impulsive nature and sudden whims led her friends to label her ____. A. capricious B. bombastic C. loquacious D. dispassionate E. decorous
impulsive
Inclined to act on impulse rather than thought.
冲动的：容易受冲动而不是思考的驱使产生行动 an impulsive man 一个易冲动的人
whim
A sudden or capricious idea; a fancy
怪念头：突然或变化无常的想法；幻想
Bombastic
marked by or given to bombast : POMPOUS, OVERBLOWN 夸大的，言过其实的：夸大之词的 参见pompous, overblown
Dispassionate
Devoid of or unaffected by passion, emotion, or bias
冷静的，不动感情的；公正的，不带偏见的：不带有或不受激情、感情或偏见影响的 A dispassionate judge 公正的裁判 1.2.4
Neurosurgeon Alexa Canady maintained that choosing a career was a visceral decision rather than ____ judgment; that is it was not so much rational as ____. A. An emotional… intellectual B. A chance… random C. An intuitive… impulsive D. A deliberate… instinctive E. An intentional… logic
deliberate
Arising from or marked by careful consideration 深思熟虑的：经过谨慎考虑的 a deliberate decision
一个经过深思熟虑而做出的决定 See Synonyms at voluntary 参见voluntary
visceral Instinctive 本能的
visceral needs 本能的需要
See Synonyms at instinctive 参见instinctive
Intuitive（OC1.2.3出现过）
Of, relating to, or arising from intuition; known or perceived through intuition 直觉的，有直觉能力的；通过直觉获知的
He seemed to have an intuitive knowledge of how I was feeling. 他好像凭直觉就知道我的感受。 派intuition 1.2.5
Creative business stratagems frequently become ____ as a result of ____, their versatility and adaptability destroyed by their transformation into rigid policies. A. streamlined…infighting B. mitigated…jingoism
C. ossified…bureaucratization D. politicized…innovation E. venerable…legislation
Infighting
Contentious rivalry or disagreement among members of a group or organization 内讧，内部分歧，勾心斗角：小组或组织内部的激烈的敌对或分歧 infighting on the President's staff 总统幕僚中的内讧
Politicize To make political 使…具有政治性
The mayor was given authority to appoint police commissioners and by virtue of that power was able to politicize the department. (Connie Paige)
市长被授予任命警察长官的权力，因此其权力便能够使警察部门政治化。——科尼 佩齐
SECTION 5
1.5.1
Known for her ____, Miranda eagerly welcomes anyone into her home. A. cowardice B. prudence C. hospitality D. aloofness E. loyalty 1.5.2
Not surprisingly, supporters of the governor?s plan to set aside land for a forest preserve were
disappointed when a court decision ____ the plan. A: applauded B: derailed
C: acknowledged D: permitted E: anticipated
derail
(1) To run or cause to run off the rails 使…脱轨，使…出轨
(2) To come or bring to a sudden halt; (MW) to obstruct the progress of : FRUSTRATE 使突然停止；阻碍…的进程，使挫败，使受挫 a campaign derailed by lack of funds 一场由于缺乏经费而挫败的运动 1.5.3
Because playing a musical instrument increases brain activity, it is sometimes used as a ____ to promote learning in children. A. condition B. highlight C. stimulus D. dictum E. respite
Dictum
An authoritative, often formal pronouncement
宣言，声明，格言：得到授权的，经常是正式的宣言
“He cites Augustine's dictum that, ?if you understand it, it is not God.?” (Joseph Sobran) “他引用奥古斯丁的格言，?如果你能理解它，它就不会是上帝了。?”——约瑟夫·索布兰
Respite
A usually short interval of rest or relief 暂缓，暂时休息：短暂的休息
The director gave the cast a short respite before the next scene. 导演让全体演员在下一场开始之前稍事休息。 See Synonyms at pause 参见pause 1.5.4
The ambassador argues that, in diplomacy, there is a subtle but important difference between a country?s showing a willingness to ____ and a too-obvious readiness to make ____. A. negotiate… concessions B. antagonize… friends C. surrender… enemies
D. dominate… inquiries
E. equivocate… denunciations
1.5.5
The dancer?s performing style was ____ and ____, with each move taken from another artist, and poorly executed at all.
A: rousing … memorable B: pedestrian … evolving C: chaotic … unprecedented D: derivative … inept
E: spontaneous … graceless
1.5.6
Lewis Latimer?s inexpensive method of producing carbon filaments ____ the nascent electric industry by making electric lamps commercially ____. A. cheapened…affordable B. transformed…viable
C. revolutionized…prohibitive D. provoked…improbable E. stimulated…inaccessible
Prohibit（OC1.2.1出现过）
(1) So high or burdensome as to discourage purchase or use
价格昂贵的，买不起的：价格太高或负担太重以至于不能购买或使用的 prohibitive prices 昂贵的价格
Provoke
To incite to anger or resentment; to stir to action or feeling
激怒，煽动，挑拨：激起愤怒或憎恨；煽动起某种行动或感情
Probable
Likely to happen or to be true 可能发生的，可能为真的 War seemed probable in 1938.
战争看起来很有可能在1938年爆发。
The home team, far ahead, is the probable winner. 遥遥领先的主队很有可能成为获胜者。 派improbable
1.5.7
After winning the award, Philip adopted a haughty pose, treating even his best friends in a ____ manner. A. cryptic