(c) When an organization makes an appeal for money, what does it do? It asks people to give money, probably for a charity.
(d) How would the police launch an appeal to the public for information?
They would have a special event like a TV broadcast in which they ask the public to come forward with any relevant information.
2 qualified This word can mean thoroughly trained for a particular job. (a) If you are a highly qualified doctor, what do you have? You have lots of medical qualifications.
(b) If a job advertisement asks for fully qualified engineers, what does it expect? It expects people with degrees in engineering and work experiences to apply. (c) If someone is well qualified to give an opinion, who are they? They are expert on the topic for which they are asked to give an opinion. 3 engage This word can mean to start to employ someone or use their services. (a) If you get engaged to someone, what are you planning to do? You are planning to get married with the person.
(b) If government forces have engaged with rebels, what is happening? The government forces are fighting the rebels.
(c) If you engage someone in conversation, what do you do? You talk to them and try to interest them in a conversation.
4 convert This word can mean to change from one system, use, or method to another.
(a) Where can you convert pounds into dollars?
You can exchange the money in banks, at the airport, according to the current exchange rate. You should be sure to check the exchange rate because it can change from day to day.
(b) What useful piece of furniture do some sofas convert into?
They convert into beds so that people can use them for overnight guests.
(c) What would a farmer have to do to convert to organic food production methods? They would have to stop using artificial methods of food production and start to use more natural ones.
5 grind When you grind something, you break it into small pieces or powder, by using a machine or by crushing it between two hard surfaces. (a) What happens to coffee, spices or pepper when you grind it? The beans or seeds become powder.
(b) Did you know that 20 per cent of people grind their teeth at night? No, the number of the proportion sounds horrible.
(c) If the traffic grinds to a halt, does it stop suddenly or slowly?
It stops slowly and will probably become a traffic jam unless it gets moving again
quickly.
6 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.
1 Listen, if you can, to the 48 fugue themes of Bach’s Well-Tempered Clavichord. Listen to each theme, one after another. You will soon realize that each theme mirrors a different world of feeling. You will also soon realize that the more beautiful a theme seems to you the harder it is to find any word that will describe it to your complete satisfaction. Yes, you will certainly know whether it is a gay theme or a sad one. You will be able, in other words, in your own mind, to draw a frame of emotional feeling around your theme. Now study the sad one a little closer. Try to pin down the exact quality of its sadness. Is it pessimistically sad or resignedly sad; is it fatefully sad or smilingly sad?
可能的话，你不妨听听巴赫的《平均律钢琴曲集》中的48个赋格主题。依次地、一个个地听听其中的每一个主题，你很快就会意识到每个主题都反映了一个不同的情感世界，你很快也会意识到你越觉得某个主题美妙，就越难找到令你完全满意的字眼来描述它。是的，你当然知道那个主题是欢快的还是悲伤的。换句话说，你能够在脑海中勾勒出那个主题的情感框架。那么就更仔细地听一下这个悲伤的主题吧，要明确悲伤的性质。是悲观厌世的悲伤，还是无可奈何的悲伤？是时运不济的悲伤，还是强颜欢笑的悲伤？
2 We know less about the Girl with the Pearl Earring than any of Vermeer’s works. Indeed, the unexplainable lack of background information may even
contribute to the worldwide popularity the painting enjoys. With so much mystery, the painting has been the theme of first, a novel and later, a film, both of which attempt to answer some of the questions about the painting, as well as one, which is immediately more appropriate to the medium of the novel or the film: Are her wide
eyes and enigmatic half-smile innocent or seductive?
我们对《戴珍珠耳环的少女》的了解比对维梅尔的其他作品都少。实际上，这种无法解释的背景资料的缺失甚至会使得该画更受欢迎。正因为如此神秘，这幅画先是成了一部小说的主题，而后又被一部电影所采纳。它们都试图揭开有关这幅画的一些谜题，其中一个是：女孩那双睁得大大的眼睛，以及那一丝神秘的微笑，到底是天真还是诱惑？像小说或电影这类媒介更适合作出回答。
7 Translate the paragraphs into English.
1 随着婚礼的临近，苏珊变得非常焦虑。她说不清楚是什么让自己如此烦恼。在同好友凯
特长谈了一次后，她才意识到，尽管自己已经28岁了，但在情感方面还不够成熟，还没有为婚姻做好准备，也不知道这桩婚姻是否会给自己带来美满的家庭生活。(pin down;
guarantee)
As the wedding ceremony was approaching, Susan had become quite anxious. She could not pin down what exactly was troubling her. After a long talk with her close friend Kate, she realized that, although she was 28 years old, she was not emotionally mature enough to be ready for marriage and she was not sure whether the marriage would guarantee her a happy family life.
2 她知道中国学生总是不愿意表达自己的情感和想法，这不仅仅因为他们对自己的英语口
语不够自信，还因为他们相信稳重是一种美德。因此她特意设计了一些简单的话题，鼓励学生参与讨论，让他们增强自信心，拉近彼此间的距离。(shy away; engage sb in)
She knew that Chinese students had a way of shying away from revealing their feelings or opinions, due not merely to their lack of confidence in spoken English, but to their belief in the virtue of modesty. So she specially conceived a couple of simple topics and encouraged them in the discussion, in order that they might become more
confident and closer with each other.