Oracle精选面试题(附答案及分析)

2018-11-22 20:26

Oracle精选面试题

1. 查询员工表所有数据, 并说明使用*的缺点

答案:

select * from emp;

使用*的缺点有:查询出了不必要的列;效率上不如直接指定列名。 2. 查询职位(JOB)为'PRESIDENT'的员工的工资

答案:

select * from emp where job = 'PRESIDENT'; 3. 查询佣金(COMM)为0 或为NULL 的员工信息

答案:

select * from emp where comm = 0 or comm is null;

4. 查询入职日期在1981-5-1 到1981-12-31 之间的所有员工信息

答案:

select * from emp where hiredate

between to_date('1981-5-1','yyyy-mm-dd') and to_date('1981-12-31','yyyy-mm-dd'); 5. 查询所有名字长度为4 的员工的员工编号,姓名

答案:

select * from emp where length(ename) = 4;

6. 显示10 号部门的所有经理('MANAGER')和20 号部门的所有职员('CLERK')的详细信息

答案:

select * from emp where deptno = 10 and job = 'MANAGER' or deptno = 20 and job ='CLERK'; 7. 显示姓名中没有'L'字的员工的详细信息或含有'SM'字的员工信息

答案:

select * from emp where ename not like '%L%' or ename like '%SM%'; 8. 显示各个部门经理('MANAGER')的工资

答案:

select sal from emp where job = 'MANAGER';

9. 显示佣金(COMM)收入比工资(SAL)高的员工的详细信息

答案:

select * from emp where comm > sal;

10. 把hiredate 列看做是员工的生日,求本月过生日的员工

答案:

select * from emp where to_char(hiredate, 'mm') = to_char(sysdate , 'mm'); 11. 把hiredate 列看做是员工的生日,求下月过生日的员工

答案:

select * from emp where to_char(hiredate, 'mm') = to_char(add_months(sysdate,1) , 'mm'); 12. 求1982 年入职的员工

答案:

select * from emp where to_char(hiredate,'yyyy') = '1982'; 13. 求1981 年下半年入职的员工

答案:

select * from emp where hiredate

between to_date('1981-7-1','yyyy-mm-dd') and to_date('1982-1-1','yyyy-mm-dd') - 1; 14. 求1981 年各个月入职的的员工个数

答案:

select count(*), to_char(trunc(hiredate,'month'),'yyyy-mm') from emp where to_char(hiredate,'yyyy')='1981' group by trunc(hiredate,'month') order by trunc(hiredate,'month'); 15. 查询各个部门的平均工资

答案:

select deptno,avg(sal) from emp group by deptno; 16. 显示各种职位的最低工资

答案:

select job,min(sal) from emp group by job; 17. 按照入职日期由新到旧排列员工信息

答案:

select * from emp order by hiredate desc; 18. 查询员工的基本信息,附加其上级的姓名

答案:

select e.*, e2.ename from emp e, emp e2 where e.mgr = e2.empno; 19. 显示工资比'ALLEN'高的所有员工的姓名和工资

答案:

select * from emp where sal > (select sal from emp where ename='ALLEN'); 20. 显示与'SCOTT'从事相同工作的员工的详细信息

答案:

select * from emp where job = (select * from emp where ename='SCOTT'); 21. 显示销售部('SALES')员工的姓名

答案:

select ename from emp e, dept d where e.deptno = d.deptno and d.dname='SALES'; 22. 显示与30 号部门'MARTIN'员工工资相同的员工的姓名和工资

答案:

select ename, sal from emp

where sal = (select sal from emp where deptno=30 and ename='MARTIN'); 23. 查询所有工资高于平均工资(平均工资包括所有员工)的销售人员('SALESMAN')

答案:

select * from emp where job='SALESMAN' and sal > (select avg(sal) from emp); 24. 显示所有职员的姓名及其所在部门的名称和工资

答案:

select ename, job, dname from emp e, dept d where e.deptno = d.deptno; 25. 查询在研发部('RESEARCH')工作员工的编号,姓名,工作部门,工作所在地

答案:

select empno,ename,dname,loc from emp e, dept d where e.deptno = d.deptno and danme='RESEARCH'; 26. 查询各个部门的名称和员工人数

答案:

select * from (select count(*) c, deptno from emp group by deptno) e inner join dept d on e.deptno = d.deptno;

27. 查询各个职位员工工资大于平均工资(平均工资包括所有员工)的人数和员工职位

答案:

select job, count(*) from emp where sal > (select avg(sal) from emp) group by job; 28. 查询工资相同的员工的工资和姓名

答案:

select * from emp e where (select count(*) from emp where sal = e.sal group by sal) > 1; 29. 查询工资最高的3 名员工信息

答案:

select * from (select * from emp order by sal desc) where rownum <= 3;

30. 按工资进行排名,排名从1 开始,工资相同排名相同(如果两人并列第1 则没有第2 名,从第三名继

续排) 答案:

select e.*, (select count(*) from emp where sal > e.sal)+1 rank from emp e order by rank; 31. 求入职日期相同的(年月日相同)的员工

答案:

select * from emp e where (select count(*) from emp where e.hiredate=hiredate)>1; 32. 查询每个部门的最高工资

答案:

select deptno, max(sal) maxsal from emp group by deptno order by deptno; 33. 查询每个部门,每种职位的最高工资

答案:

select deptno, job, max(sal) from emp group by deptno, job order by deptno, job; 34. 查询每个员工的信息及工资级别

答案:

select e.*, sg.grade from emp e, salgrade sg where sal between losal and hisal; 35. 查询工资最高的第6-10 名员工

答案: select * from (

select e.*,rownum rn from

(select * from emp order by sal desc) e where rownum <=10) where rn > 5;

36. 查询各部门工资最高的员工信息

答案:

select * from emp e where e.sal = (select max(sal) from emp where (deptno = e.deptno)); 37. 查询每个部门工资最高的前2 名员工

答案:

select * from emp e where

(select count(*) from emp where sal > e.sal and e.deptno = deptno) < 2 order by deptno, sal desc;

38. 查询出有3 个以上下属的员工信息

答案:

select * from emp e where

(select count(*) from emp where e.empno = mgr) > 2; 39. 查询所有大于本部门平均工资的员工信息

答案:

select * from emp e where sal >

(select avg(sal) from emp where (deptno = e.deptno)) order by deptno;

40. 查询平均工资最高的部门信息

答案:

select d.*, avgsal from dept d, (select avg(sal) avgsal, deptno from emp group by deptno) se where avgsal = (select max(avg(sal)) from emp group by deptno) and d.deptno = se.deptno; 41. 查询大于各部门总工资的平均值的部门信息

答案:

select d.*,sumsal from dept d, (select sum(sal) sumsal, deptno from emp group by deptno) se where sumsal >(select avg(sum(sal)) from emp group by deptno) and se.deptno = d.deptno; 42. 查询大于各部门总工资的平均值的部门下的员工信息

答案:

select e.*,sumsal from emp e, (select sum(sal) sumsal, deptno from emp group by deptno) se where sumsal >(select avg(sum(sal)) from emp group by deptno) and se.deptno = e.deptno; 43. 查询没有员工的部门信息

答案:

select d.* from dept d left join emp e on (e.deptno = d.deptno) where empno is null; 44. 查询当前月有多少天

答案:

select trunc(add_months(sysdate,1),'month') - trunc(sysdate,'month') from dual; 45. 列出最低薪金大于1500的各种工作及此从事此工作的全部雇员人数

答案:

SELECT job,COUNT(empno) FROM emp

GROUP BY job HAVING MIN(sal)>1500 ;

46. 列出薪金高于公司平均薪金的所有员工,所在部门,上级领导,公司的工资等级

答案:

SELECT e.empno,e.ename,d.dname,m.ename,s.grade FROM emp e,dept d,emp m,salgrade s

WHERE sal>(SELECT AVG(sal) FROM emp) AND e.mgr=m.empno AND d.deptno=e.deptno(+) AND e.sal BETWEEN s.losal AND s.hisal ;

47. 列出薪金高于在部门30工作的所有员工的薪金的员工姓名和薪金、部门名称

答案:

SELECT e.ename,e.sal,d.dname FROM emp e,dept d

WHERE sal > ALL (SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE deptno=30) AND e.deptno=d.deptno; 48. 列出所有部门的详细信息和部门人数

答案:

SELECT d.dname,d.loc,dt.count

FROM dept d,(SELECT deptno,COUNT(*) count FROM emp GROUP BY deptno) dt WHERE d.deptno=dt.deptno ;

49. 显示非销售人员工作名称以及从事同一工作雇员的月工资的总和,并且要满足从事同一工作的雇

员的月工资合计大于$5000,输出结果按月工资的合计升序排列 答案:

SELECT job,SUM(sal) sum FROM emp

WHERE job<>'SALESMAN' GROUP BY job HAVING sum>5000 ORDER BY sum ;

50. 客户表a(id name address) 登陆流水表b(id time) 购物流水表c(id time productid productnum)

1.求每个客户的最新登陆时间time,姓名name,客户id? 答案:

select a.id,a.name,d.time as time

from a left join (select id,max(time) as time from b group by id) d on a.id =d.id ;

2.查最新登陆并且已经购买商品的客户id,name,登陆的时间time(一条sql语句) 答案:

select a.id,a.name,d.time as time

from a,(select id,max(time) as time from b group by id) d where a.id =d.id

and exists (select * from c where id = a.id);


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