Ⅵ.
1. flapper: (Americanism) (in the 1920s) a young woman considered bold and unconventional in action and dress
2. provincial: narrow, limited like that of rural provinces
3. code: any set of principles or rules of conduct; a moral code
4. Prohibition: the forbidding by law of the manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcoholic liquors for beverage purposes~ specifically in the U. S., the period (1920-1933) of prohibition by Federal law
5. agent : an active force or substance producing an effect , e.g. , a chemical agent 6. orgy: any wild, riotous, licentious merrymaking; debauchery
7. Greenwich Village : section of New York City, on the lower west side of Manhattan: noted as a center for artists, writers, etc.
8. draft : the choosing or taking of an individual or individuals from a group for some special purpose, especially for compulsory military service
9. distinction: the quality that makes one seem superior or worthy of special recognition
10. action: military combat in general 11. whip up: rouse; excite
12. give: bend, sink, move, break down, yield, etc. from force or pressure 13．burden：repeated，central idea；theme
14．keep up with the Joneses：strive to get all the material things one’s neighbors or associates have
15．write off：drop from consideration Ⅶ．
1．speakeasy：a place where alcoholic drinks are sold illegally，esp．such a place in the U．S．during Prohibition
2．sheik：a masterful man to Whom women are supposed to be irresistably attracted 3．drugstore cowboy：A western movie extra who loafs infront of drugstores between pictures
4．soap opera：a daytime radio or television serial drama of a highly melodramatic，sentimental nature．It has been so called since many original sponsors were soap companies．
5．Babbittry：(after George Babbit，title character of a satirical novel(1 922)by Sinclair I．ewis)a smugly conventional person interested chiefly in business and social success and indifferent to cultural values：Philistine
6．fast：(adjectl‘ve)living in a reckless，wild，dissipated way
7．boobery：same as Babbittry，smug，self—satisfied，conformist in cultural matters Ⅷ．
1.flourish意为向很理想的状况发展或正处于该状况，即发展的鼎盛时期。boom意为突然迅速地蓬勃发展。aggressive—ness在这里指大胆积极的开拓进取。aggression指无故地攻击别人或喜欢争吵。
2.obsolete指废旧的，不再时兴，不再使用的。obsolescent指向废旧转变的，过渡的。
3.warfare泛指打仗或武装冲突。war一方面使用范围较广，可指任何敌对的争斗，如the war against disease，另一方面可用于具体的、个别的作战，如he fought in this war(不能用warfare)。
4.preparedness指有所准备的状态，而preparations则指作准备的行动或过程。 5．r三cession和depression同为婉转语，指资本主义国家经常出现的经济危机。recession比depression委婉些，而depression又比crisis委婉些。
6．naive指真正的单纯或没有人为的痕迹，但有时又含有愚蠢、缺乏社会知识的意思。innocent指无罪，不会耍花样，或不做、不想不道德的事。
7．ignore意为故意视而不见，有时表现为拒不接受事实。disregard意为不注意或疏忽，常常是有意的。
8．migrate意为从一地区、一国家迁移到另一地区、另一国家。指人时，意为迁往外地定居，指动物时，意为出于气候原因 和食物供给等进行季节性迁移。emigrate和immigrate仅用 于人，emigrate具体指人离开一个国家到另一个国家定居。 Ⅸ．
1．We have become a world power so we can no longer in our action just follow the principles of right and wrong as accepted in out own country。nor can we remain isolated geographically protected by the Atlantic and Pacific oceans．In other words．t he United States can no longer pursue a policy of isolationism．
2．The war only helped to speed up the breakdown of the Victorian social structure． 3．The Great Economic Depression which started in the United States in 1 929 brought the young escapists back to their senses and stopped the wild，riotous lives they were living．
4．These young people could no longer adapt themselves to lives in their home towns or their families．
5．1t was only natural that hopeful young writers whose minds and writings were filled with violent anger against war．Babbittry．and “Puritanical” gentility，should come in great numbers to live in Greenwich Village，t he traditional artistic centre．
6．Many other young people began to intensify and spread this revolt of the young by their own misdeeds—breaking the law and living unconventional lives. The young intellectuals living in Greenwich Village helped to keep the revolt alive and to spread it throughout the country.
7. These young brothers and sisters did not take part in the war, so they had no feeling of real disillusionment or loss. Nevertheless they began to imitate the manners of their elders and live the unconventional and nonconforming lives of those who were rebelling against society.
8. America could see and hear nothing except the shining gleam and the ringing sound of the doller. /The American people are not moved or stirred by anything. They are only conscious of money and wealth. Ⅹ.
informal formal informal formal a love affair amour rich affluent questions inquiries easily influenced susceptible throw headlong precipitate exile expatriation a public declaration manifesto a bitter criticism diatribe brawl fracas dwelling place residence dispel break up
dissipate tear down demolish a big fire conflagration Ⅺ.
1. irresistible 4. unsafe 2. immaterial 5. insecure 3. incomparable 6. illiterate 7. imprecise
12. unalterable 8. impure 13. illogical 9. imprudent 14. unpopular 10, unpleasant 15. insensitive 11. illegitimate 16. incomprehensible Ⅻ.
Introductory paragraphs serve to gain reader interest and present background material or other kinds of explanatory information necessary for a better understanding of what will follow. Some introductory paragraphs include the thesis statement -- a single sentence expressing the central thought of the piece of writing. Others include along with the thesis statement, a clear indication of the direction of the writer's flow of thought.
In \statement is placed in the last paragraph. Horton and Edwards begin by mentioning the interest in the Twenties by young people today. In addition, they discuss the questions that present-day students are asking their parents and teachers. Was there really a Younger Generation problem.9 Were young people really so wild? Their answers are yes and no.
ⅩⅢ.
The Younger Generation in China
In the last twenty years or so, China has undergone great changes thanks to the policy of opening up to the outside world. The younger generation is the Number One beneficiary. Strolling along the street, you may see young men ride by with small earphones and a pocket tape recorder. Most probably they are enjoying music. Attending a computer training course, you will' find so many counterparts there. Nowadays, the younger generation benefits a lot from sophisticated scientific and technological products.
ⅩⅣ. Omitted.
ⅩⅤ.
This is a piece of expository writing by two American writers explaining a certain period in American literary and social history. It focuses especially on the attitudes and revolt of the young people who returned from World War I , disappointed and disillussioned. In this revolt the young intellectuals, writers and artists, stood in the van and was the most vocal group. Many of these intellectuals lived abroad, especially in Paris, as expatriates, but most of them later re-turned to the United States voluntarily. These intellectuals were called \Young Men\or \Lost Generation\because they were critical and rebellious. However, they were never lost because they were also very creative and productive and as this essay says \writing in its literary experience\
The structural organization of this essay is clear and simple. The essay divides logically into paragraphs with particular functions: to introduce the subject (introduction) in
paragraph 1, to support and develop the thesis (the body or the middle)in paragraphs 2 through 9, to bring the discussion to an end (conclusion) in paragraphs 10 and 11.
In \the essay: \called them, cursed their luck but didn't die; escaped butvoluntarily returned; flayed the Babbits but loved their country, and in so doing gave the nation the liveliest, freishest, most stimulating writing in its literary experience.
补充练习
《高级英语》第二册练习
Lesson 10
The Sad Young Men
Ⅰ. Choose the best words to complete the sentences.
1. revolt
A. rebellion B. amour C. memory D. recollection 2. nostalgic
A. sensational B. romantic C. homesick D. fashionable 3. stature A. status B. statue C. station D. stuff 4. provincial A. gigantic B. narrow C. novel D. moral
5. mores
A.customs B. drugs
C. adventurousness D. sergeants 6. orgy
A. bombast B. binary
C. compatible D. digitized 7. transitory A. curious B. idealistic C. tremendous D. short-lived 8. contingent A. corps B. distinction C. notion D. morality 9. obsolescent A. unabated B. smug
C. outmoded D. sodden 10. strife
A. struggle B. patriotism C. recession D. factor 11. obliquely A. sexually B. reluctantly C. internationally D. indirectly 12. harass A. plead B. worry C. fan D. flout 13. fad
A. feature B. imitator C. craze