【解析】题目问关于超级细菌我们知道什么。篇章中提及，“you may have heard about the new superbugs which are antibiotic-resistant bacteria that have developed as a result of overprescribed antibiotics.\其中D选项与这句话完全符合。
14. A) Antibiotics are now in short supply. B)Many infections are no longer curable. C)Large amounts of tax money are wasted. D)Routine operations have become complex. 【答案】D
【解析】题目问抗生素用量过度的后果是什么。篇章中提到 “seemingly routine operations... are now much more hazardous...”，D选项与此相符合。
15. A) Facilities. B)Expertise. C)Money. D)Publicity. 【答案】C
【解析】题目问，在说话者看来，为应对严重威胁生命的传染病，什么是最迫切需要的。篇章最后提及：面对严重威胁生命的传染病，却只有1.2%的预算被用于研究上，这与所需的资金相差甚远。由此可知C选项正确。
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), CJ and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. 16. A) It is accessible only to the talented. B) It improves students’ ability to think. C) It starts a lifelong learning process. D) It gives birth to many eminent scholars.
【答案】B
【解析】题目问说话者是如何描述大学的。听力材料中提到 “you are here to understand thinking better and to think better your- self”，B选项与此相符合。
17. A) They encourage academic democracy. B) They promote globalization.
C) They uphold the presidents’ authority. D) They protect students’ rights. 【答案】A
【解析】题目问关于大学，我们可以从说话者的故事中了解到什么。篇章中提到 “But what was really important about that was the universities stand out as places that really are about the authority of ideas.\，由此可推断出大学鼓励思想交流，鼓励学术民主，A选项正确。
18. A) His thirst for knowledge. B) His eagerness to find a job. C) His contempt for authority. D) His potential for leadership. 【答案】A
【解析】题目是问说话者在挑战他论文的年轻人身上看到了什么。听力篇章中提及“a... you couldn’t debate that young man’s hunger to learn”，由此可判断选A。
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard. 19. A) Few people know how to retrieve information properly. B)People can enhance their memory with a few tricks. C)Most people have a rather poor long-term memory. D)People tend to underestimate their mental powers. 【答案】D
【解析】听力篇章一开始就提及，“Psychological research shows we consistently underestimate our mental powers. ”，这与D选项完全符合。
20. A) They present the states in a surprisingly different order. B)They include more or less the same number of states. C)They are exactly the same as is shown in the atlas.
D)They contain names of the most familiar states. 【答案】B
【解析】听力材料中提到，“The two lists will contain roughly the same number of states but they will not be identical”，由此可知本题答案为B选项。
21. A) Focusing on what is likely to be tested. B)Having a good sleep the night before.
C)Reviewing your lessons where the exam is to take place. D)Making sensible decisions while choosing your answers. 【答案】C
【解析】题目问说话者对如何准备和参加考试有何建议。听力篇章中提及“If possible, you should also try to learn information in the room where it is going to be tested”，这与C选项完全符合，故本题选C。
22. A) Discover when you can learn best. B) Change your time of study daily. B) Give yourself a double bonus afterwards. D) Follow the example of a marathon runner. 【答案】A
【解析】题目问关于学习，说话者给了我们什么建议。听力篇章中曾提及：“When you learn is also important”，这表明，要找到最适合自己学习的时间，故A选项正确。
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. 23. A) He is a politician. B) He is a businessman. C)He is a sociologist. D) He is an economist. 【答案】C
【解析】题目是问说话者是做什么的。听力篇章中提及“It concerns not only us sociologists but also economists, politicians and business people.”，答案为C选项。
24. A) In slums. B) In Africa.
C) In pre-industrial societies. D) In developing countries. 【答案】D
【解析】题目是问说话者说在哪可以发 现极度贫穷的情况。听力篇章中提及：“Where does extreme poverty occur? Well, you can find it only in developing countries.”，因此本题答案选D。
25. A) They have no access to health care, let alone entertainment or recreation.
B)Their income is less than 50% of the national average family income. C)They work extra hours to have their basic needs met. D)Their children cannot afford to go to private schools. 【答案】B
【解析】题目是问家庭相对贫穷的美国人是什么样的。听力篇章中提及：“in the United States a family can be considered poor if their income is less than 50% of the national average family income.”，这与B选项完全符合。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Let’s all stop judging people who talk to themselves. New research says that those who can’t seem to keep their inner monologues(独白) in are actually more likely to stay on task, remain __26__ better and show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra muttering.
According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology by professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley, the act of using verbal clues to __27__ mental pictures helps people function quicker.
In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty __28__ and asked them to find just one of those, a banana. Half were __29__ to repeat out loud what they were looking for and the other half kept their lips __30__. Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly faster than those who didn’t，the researchers say. In other experiments, Lupyan and Swignley found that __31__ the name of a common product when on the hunt for it helped quicken someone’s pace, but talking about uncommon items showed no advantage and slowed you down.
Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn, although doing so when you’ve __32__ matured is not a great sign of __33__. The two professors hope to refute that idea, __34__ that just as when kids walk themselves through a process, adults can benefit from using language not just to communicate, but also to help “augment thinking”.
Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and, whatever you do, keep the information you share simple, like a grocery list. At any __35__, there’s still such a thing as too much information.
26. 【解析】F。空格前的remain为系动词，因此空格处需要填入一个形容词；根据前面的句意“……更有可能坚持做一件事”，可知focused最为符合，表示“保持全神贯注”，因此本题选F。
27. 【解析】L。根据空格前的to可判断空格处应填入动词原形，根据句意，“使用口头提示来记忆图像”，可知选项L符合。
28. 【解析】0。空格前是量词twenty，因此空格处需填入一个名词复数；再由前边的“In one experiment”可知这是一个实验，所以这里选择volunteers （志愿者）最为合适，故本题选0。
29. 【解析】H。空格前后分别为be动词were和介词to，因此空格处需要填入一个动词的被动语态；根据句意，“一半人被_____要大声地重复他们要找的东西，”可知instructed （通知，指导）最为合适，因此本题答案选H。 30. 【解析】J。根据句子结构可判断空格处需要填入一个形容词。再由the other half对应的是前边的Half， 可知这里的情况和前边的不同，前边说repeat out loud （大声地重复），后边自然就是要表达“不说话” 的意思，keep one’s lips sealed即“闭上嘴巴、不说话”的意思，故本题选J。 31. 【解析】M。空格前的that引导的是宾语从句，空格与后面的名词词组the name of a common product共同充当宾语从句的主语，因此空格处应填入动词的-ing形式，根据句意可判断uttering更为合适，故本题选M。