本科生毕业论文
毕业论文题目 益大商贸大楼双回路10KV变配电所设计 学 生 姓 名 所 在 学 院 专业及班级
指 导 教 师 完 成 日 期 2014年 6月
摘要
针对益大商贸大楼用电负荷的现状,以及符合经济、综合技术等各方面因数,确定了该校区10kV变配电所的变压器的类型、台数及容量。主要内容包括:变配电所的负荷的统计;负荷功率因数的确定和拟采取的补偿方案;变配电所所址位置、变压器台数、容量和运行形式的选择;变配电所主接线方案的确定;变配电所的短路计算和高低压设备的选择与校验;以及变配电所的电气照明、防雷与接地的设计等。本论文的设计符合《10kV及以下变电所设计规范》以及《工业与民用配电设计手册》等相关规范,特别注重实用性、先进性、经济性,充分体现了我国供配电技术发展。设备的安装必须按照供配电系统设计规范GB50052-95、10kV及以下变电所设计规范GB50053-94、低压配电设计规范GB50054-95、民用建筑电气设计规范JGJ/T16-92等国家标准和范围规定,正确选择电器设备及正常情况下的监视系统和正常情况下的保护系统,考虑到各种人身安全的技术措施,接线应满足不同负荷的不中短供电要求。还要对变配电所电气装置布置及照明按照明规范进行设照计,在满足以上的情况满足的条件下,保障设计投资少。
关键词:变配电;主接线;负荷计算;无功补偿;电气照明;防雷与接地。
Abstract
The report uses electricity the load present situation in view of YiDa business building ,synthesized the economy, the technology and so on various aspects factor had determined this school needed the transformer type, a number and the capacity. The main contents include: substation load calculation; identify and load power factor compensation scheme to be taken; substation location, transformer station number, capacity, and run the choice of form; substation Main Wiring; variable the distribution of the
short-circuit calculations and high and low voltage equipment selection; and substation electrical lighting, lightning protection and grounding. This paper is designed to meet \and below substation design specifications\other relevant norms, in particular focus on practicality, advanced, economical, fully reflects the supply and distribution technology. Equipment installation must be in accordance with the power supply and substation design standard, low voltage power distribution design specification standard and scope of state regulations, such as the correct selection of electrical equipment and under normal circumstances the surveillance system and protection system under normal circumstances, considering all kinds of safety technical measures, should satisfy the requirement of the different load is not short of power supply wiring. Also of variable power distribution electrical equipment arrangement and the design, the lighting shall be carried out in accordance with the lighting specifications above meet the case, security design and less investment, but not to invest at least for the best solution, because investment quotas may affect the flexibility and economy, so that factory power outages, two-string fiddle factory more economic loss. Connection ways should also be considered to meet the needs of present and future development needs. Keywords: transformation and distribution; main wiring; load calculation; reactive power compensation; electrical lighting; lightning protection and grounding.
目录
一、
设计说明 .......................................................................................................................... 1
(一)
1、 2、 (二)
1、 2、 3、
二、
工程概况与设计内容 .......................................................................................... 1 工程概况 .............................................................................................................. 1 设计内容 .............................................................................................................. 1 设计要求 .............................................................................................................. 1 技术要求 .............................................................................................................. 1 图纸要求 .............................................................................................................. 2 设计参考项目 ...................................................................................................... 2
负荷计算及无功补偿 ...................................................................................................... 2
负荷等级及供电电源的确定 .............................................................................. 2 负荷等级 .............................................................................................................. 3 供电电源 .............................................................................................................. 4 负荷计算 .............................................................................................................. 4 负荷计算的意义 .................................................................................................. 4 用电设备的负荷计算 .......................................................................................... 4 无功补偿 .............................................................................................................. 7 无功补偿的作用 .................................................................................................. 7 确定无功补偿容量 .............................................................................................. 7 总计算负荷确定 .................................................................................................. 9
(一)
1、 2、 (二)
1、 2、 (三)
1、 2、 (四) 三、 四、
电压选择与电能质量 .................................................................................................... 10 变压器选择以及主接线方案的选择 ............................................................................ 11
电力变压器的选择 ............................................................................................ 11 变压器型式及台数 ............................................................................................ 11 变压器容量选择 ................................................................................................ 12 负荷分配计算及补偿装置选择变压器 ............................................................ 12 变电所电气主接线设计 .................................................................................... 13
(一)
1、 2、 3、 (二)
1、 2、 3、
五、
变电所电气主接线的原则 ................................................................................ 13 变电所高压侧电气主接线设计 ........................................................................ 14 变电所低压侧电气主接线设计 ........................................................................ 16
短路计算与电气设备选择校验 .................................................................................... 18
高压电网短路电流计算 .................................................................................... 18 短路电流计算条件 ............................................................................................ 18 短路电流计算内容及目的 ................................................................................ 18 三相对称短路电流的计算 ................................................................................ 18 变电所高压侧短路电流计算 ............................................................................ 20 低压电网短路电流计算 .................................................................................... 21 短路电流计算条件 ............................................................................................ 21 短路电流计算内容及目的 ................................................................................ 22 高压电器的选择 ................................................................................................ 32 高压断路器的选择 ............................................................................................ 32 高压熔断器的选择 ............................................................................................ 33 高压互感器的选择 ............................................................................................ 34 高压电流互感器的选择 .................................................................................... 34 高压电压互感器的选择 .................................................................................... 36 低压电器的选择 ................................................................................................ 37 低压断路器的选择 ............................................................................................ 38 低压电流互感器的选择 .................................................................................... 40 低压电容器组控制及保护电器的选择 ............................................................ 40
(一)
1、 2、 3、 4、 (二)
1、 2、 (三)
1、 2、 (四)
1、 2、 (五)
1、 2、 3、
六、 (一)
继电保护与二次接线设计 ............................................................................................ 42 变电所操作电源设计 ................................................................................................ 42
继电保护设计 .................................................................................................... 42
(二)