沈阳建筑大学
毕业设计说明书
毕业设计题目 养老室内空间设计 无障碍设计在养老建筑室内空间中的应用 学院专业班级 设计艺术学院 艺术设计xx-x班 学 生 姓 名 xxx 性别 男 指 导 教 师 xxx 职称 副教授
2015年 6 月 10 日
摘 要
目前我国经济社会蓬勃发展，在经济建设取得一系列成就的同时，社会矛盾也开始逐渐凸显出来。根据联合国老龄化社会的标准，我国从2000年开始就已进入了老年型社会。更令人吃惊的是，这种“变老”趋势正在以奔跑的速度向前发展。据统计，2005年我国60岁以上的老年人已经达到1.45亿，占总人口的11%，而且每年还在以3.3%的速度增加。人口老龄化问题就成为我国经济建设和社会改革工作的重点。
由于老年人在晚年身体各项机能出现衰退的趋势，所以为了给老年人更好的照顾和关心，就成为每个社会成员不可推卸的责任。为了能够更好的照顾老人。首先要对老人提供良好的住宅环境，尽量减少住宅公寓设计的障碍设计。
本论文认真对老年群体居住实态和居住意愿进行调查和分析，对照这种居住形态与住宅功能的差异性，找到他们的特殊需求，为进行专门的无障碍设计做打下坚实的基础。对常见的居住模式及养老模式进行剖析。提出对住宅无障碍设计的必要性和方向。特别是比照人性化设计的要求和良好的人居环境的要求。提出无障碍设计的要点。 本文从人机工程学和人体测量学的角度。寻求无障碍住宅设计的依据，包括轮椅使用者人体工程学参数，以轮子使用者和老人为典型使用对象，对他们心理，生理，行为特征进行分析提出设计原则与特点。
本论文根据无障碍设计的基本理论，结合建筑设计的知识及老年人习惯对老年住宅单一空间进行无障碍设计提出了指导意见。 关键词：无障碍；养老住宅；轮椅；老年人
Abstract
Currently, China's economic and social development, made a series of achievements in economic construction at the same time . According to the United Nations standards for an ageing society, in China since 2000 has entered the aged society.
Even more surprising is that this \in 2005 China's elderly people over the age of 60 has reached 145 million, accounting for 11% of the total population, and each year is increasing by 3.3%. Population ageing will become the focus of China's economic construction and social reform work.
Because elderly people in their twilight years physical functional ability decline trend, so in order to better care for the elderly and care became inescapable responsibility of every Member of society. In order to be able to better care for the elderly. First of all, to provide good housing environment for the elderly, minimize the barrier design of residential apartments.
This paper seriously on the elderly population living conditions and living will for investigation and analysis, control such housing patterns and residential functions of the difference, find their special needs, specially made barrier-free design and lay a solid foundation. Common residential model and the model are analyzed. Presented to the House the need for barrier-free design and direction. Especially user-friendly design and a good living environment requirements. Barrier-free design of points were raised.
From the perspective of ergonomics and Anthropometry. Search for barrier-free housing design based on ergonomic parameters including wheelchair users, to wheels typically use the object users and the elderly, to their psychological, physical, design principles and characteristics of the character.
According to barrier-free design of the basic theory of this paper, combined with the architectural design of the knowledge and habits of the elderly housing single space barrier-free design guidelines.
Key words: barrier-free；old-age homes； wheelchair； the elderly
目录
第一章 绪论 ............................................................. 1
1.1课题研究的社会背景 ................................................ 1 1.1.1 中国人口老龄化的现状 ............................................ 1 1.1.2中国人口老龄化的发展趋势 ........................................ 1 1.1.3中国人口老龄化的主要特征 ........................................ 2 1.2课题研究的目的和意义 .............................................. 2 1.3课题研究的现状 .................................................... 2 1.4课题研究方法 ...................................................... 2 第二章 老年人特征及其对设计要求 ......................................... 3
2.1老年人生理特征及对设计的要求 ...................................... 3 2.1.1普通老年人生理特征 .............................................. 3 2.1.2痴呆症老年人生理特征 ............................................ 3 2.2老年人心理特征及对设计的要求 ...................................... 3 2.2.1普通老年人心理特征 .............................................. 3 2.2.2痴呆型老年人心理特征 ............................................ 3 2.3老年人体模型尺度及对设计的要求 .................................... 4 2.4老年人行为特征及对设计要求 ........................................ 4 第三章 无障碍设计在老年建筑室内空间的设计原则 ........................... 6
3.1设计原则 .......................................................... 6 3.2设计依据 .......................................................... 6 3.3相关设计规范研究 .................................................. 8 第四章 无障碍住宅的单一空间设计 ......................................... 9
4.1楼梯空间的设计 .................................................... 9 4.2入口、走廊的设计 ................................................. 10 4.3厨房的设计 ....................................................... 10 4.4卫生间的设计 ..................................................... 11 4.5卧室的设计 ....................................................... 11
4.6阳台的设计 ....................................................... 12 第五章 结论 ............................................................. 13
5.1主要结论 ......................................................... 13 5.2存在的问题与展望 ................................................. 13 谢辞 .................................................................... 14 参考文献 ................................................................ 15