必修二M4教案：
1.scene n．地点，现场；景色；场，景 behind the scenes到后台，在幕后 come/appear on the scene出现 on the scene在现场，到现 场
①They rushed to the scene of the traffic accident.他们火速赶往车祸现场。 ②I can see a beautiful scene from the top of the mountain. 从山顶上看，我能看到美丽的景色。
③The sunrise is a beautiful scene.日出是很美的景象。 ④We missed the first few scenes of the movie. 电影的开始几个场景我们没看到。 2.alive adj.活着的，充满活力的，仍然存在的 stay alive活下去
keep sth.alive使继续有效、存在
come alive变得有趣(有生气、逼真)，活跃起 来
①He is thought to be the greatest man alive.他被认为是当今最伟大的人。 ②We’d better keep the old customs alive.我们应该保持这个古老的风俗。 ③The discussion came alive when it came to an interesting topic. 当引入有趣的话题后，讨论变得热烈了。 辨析：alive，living，live与lively
1)alive有生命的；活着的；有生气的，可作表语和补足语，做后置定语。 They caught a snake alive.他们活捉了一条蛇。
He was alive when he was taken to hospital.他被送到医院时还活着。 2)living活着的；健在的；现行的，可作定语和表语。living和定冠词the连
用时相当于the living people，具有复数含义，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
all living things一切生命
The dead are always remembered by the living. 死去的人永远被活着的人们所铭记。
His grandmother is still living at the age of 98.他奶奶已98岁，仍然健在。 3)live鲜活的；有生命的，可作定语。还有“直播的”意思。 Did you watch the live football match on TV? 你看电视直播的足球比赛了吗？ He bought a live fish.他买了条活鱼。
4)lively生动的；活泼的；用做定语或表语，既可指人，又可指物。 I feel everything here is very lively.我觉得这儿的一切都富有生气。 The teacher has a gift for making his lessons lively and interesting. 那位老师有一种使他的课生动有趣的天赋。
3.observe vt.& vi.观察，注意；遵守(法律、习俗等)；庆祝(节日等)；评论 1)observe sb.do sth.看到某人做(过)某事 observe sb.doing sth.看到某人(正在)做某事 2)observe/ obey a rule/the law遵守规则/法律
observe/ celebrate Christmas/May Day庆祝圣诞节/五一劳动节 3)observation n．观察，观察力 4)observer n．观察者
①She observed a man walking on the opposite side of the way. 她注意到一个人在路的对面走着。
②He liked to observe the stars when he was a child. 孩提时他喜欢观察星星。
③Do you observe Christmas？你们过圣诞节吗？ ④All the citizens should observe the law without exception. 所有的公民都要守法，没有例外。 4.adopt vt.采纳；采用；收养
1)adopt an idea /a plan采纳意见 /计划 adopt a son收养一个儿子 2)adopted words外来词
adoption n．采用，采纳；过 继
①Our school has adopted a new teaching method. 我们学校采用了新的教学方法。
②All the suggestions put forward at the meeting were adopted. 会上提的所有的建议都被采纳了。
③Having no children of their own，they decided to adopt an orphan. 因为他们没有亲生儿女，所以决定领养一个孤儿。 ④We are talking about the adoption of a new plan for the picnic. 我们正谈论采纳新的野餐计划。
例题：They ______ the novel because there were so many ______ words in it.
A. adapted; adopted B. adopted; adapted C. adapted; adopting D. adopted; adapting 辨析：adopt vt.收养；采纳
adapt to意为“使……适应；改编，改写”。 adjust to调整；适应 apply to适用
apply for
The young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan.After a few months，the orphan came to adapt to his new life.
这对年轻夫妇没有亲生孩子，领养了一名孤儿。几个月过后，这个孤儿渐渐适应了新生活。
5.aim (sth)at 把。。。瞄准，目的在于；企图 He aimed his gun at the target.他把抢瞄准目标.
China has long been a leader in the field of genetic research aimed at improving agraculture.中国长期以来就处在致力于发展农业的基因研究领域的前沿。 Those girls worked out every morning, aiming at a weight loss of ten pounds. 6.stand v．站立，直立；忍受；经受，承担；n.看台，摊子；立场 1)stand still站着不动
stand by袖手旁观；支持(某人) stand for代表，象征 stand out显眼，突出
2)can’t stand /bear/ tolerate sth./doing sth.不能忍受(做)某事 can’t stand sb./sth.doing sth.不能忍受某人/物做某事 3)take one’s stand站在……立 场
①He can’t stand being treated like that.他不能忍受别人那样对待他。 ②I won’t stand your talking like that to your mother. 我受不了你对你母亲说话的方式。
③How can you stand by and let him treat his dog like that? 他那样虐待他的狗，你怎么能袖手旁观呢？
④Messi stands out as the best young soccer player in the game. 梅西是比赛中最突出的年轻足球运动员。
例题：1．(2008年湖北卷)Though having lived abroad for years，many Chinese still ______the traditional customs.
A.perform B．possess C．observe D．support
2．The three teams ______different ways to solve the problem and they all succeeded at last.
A.adopted B．admired C．adapted D．adept
3．Alice’s father had her ______because he couldn’t look after her himself. A．raised B．fed C．supported
D．adopted
4．He is a man of strong selfrespect，so he can’t stand ______in public. A．laughing at B．being laughed at C．laughed at
D．having been laughed at
5.Messi stands ______ as the best young soccer player in the game. A. for B. up C. by D. out
7. 1)destroy v. 彻底损坏以至于不能或很难修复 n. destruction The enney destroyed the city. The forest was destroyed by fire.
2) damage v. n.指价值，用途降低或外表，损坏等，不一定全部破坏，损坏
了还可以修复，do / cause damage to 对。。。造成损害
The storm caused great damage.
The new law has done a lot of damage to the government’s popularity. 这条新法律给政府的声望带来很大损失. Mind you don’t damage it.
Many of the books were damaged by fire. 3)ruin vt (实际，抽象) 1)弄坏,毁掉,毁坏,破坏 The storm ruined crops. The fire ruined the house.
The bad weather ruined our holiday. ruin one’s health an ancient ruined city
She poured water all over my painting and ruined it. 2)使倾家荡产
I only ruin you. I can’t give you happiness. n.1)(be ) in ruins 是一片废墟,落空
The house across the street were in ruins. The town is in ruins.
2)fall into ruin 已成废墟