a sort of calmness，a sort of contentment in a mental and spiritual way,which was identified by these people as the highest form of happiness and pleasure．” Do good to others
I． Other golden rules counsel us to master ourselves，to avoid excess and not to be a prosperous(发迹的) fool．There are also rules dealing with interpersonal relationships：Be a responsible human being and do not do evil things to others．
J．“This is Hesiod，of course，a younger contemporary poet，we believe，with Homer,”Soupios says．“Hesiod offers an idea—which you very often find in some of the world’s great religions。in the Judeo—Christian tradition and in Islam and others——that in some sense、when you hurt another human being，you hurt yourself．That damaging other people in your community and in your life，trashing relationships，results in a kind of self-inflicted(自己招致的)spiritual wound．” K．Instead，Soupios says，ancient wisdom urges us to do good．Golden Rule No．10 for a good life is that kindness toward others tends to be rewarded．
L．“This is Aesop，the fabulist(寓言家)，the man of these charming little tales，often told in terms of animals and animal relationships．”he says．“I think what Aesop was suggesting is that when you offer a good rum to another human being，one can hope that that good deed will come back and sort of pay a profit to you，the doer of the good deed．Even if there is no concrete benefit paid in response to your good deed，at the very least，the doer of the good deed has the opportunity to enjoy a kind of spiritually enlightened moment，”
M．Soupios says following the 10 Golden Rules based on ancient wisdom can guide us to the path of the good life where we stop living as onlookers and become engaged and happier human beings．And that， he notes，is a life worth living．
36．According to an ancient Greek philosopher,it is impossible for us to understand every aspect of our life．
37．Ancient philosophers saw life in a different light from people of today． 38．Not all your business partners are your soul mates．
39．We can live a peaceful life despite the various challenges of the modem world．
40．The doer of a good deed can feel spiritually rewarded even when they gain no concrete benefits． 41．How to achieve mental calmness and contentment is well worth our consideration today． 42．Michael Soupios suggests that we should stop and think carefully about our priorities in life． 43．Ancient philosophers strongly advise that we do good．
44．The wise teachings of ancient Greek thinkers are timeless，and are applicable to contemporary life．
45．Do harm to others and you do harm to yourself. Section C
Directions：There are 2 passages in this section．Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A)，B．，C．and D．．You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre． Passage One
Questions 46 to50 are based on the following passage．
Attitudes toward new technologies often fall along generational lines．That is，generally younger people tend to outnumber older people on the front end of a technological shift．
It is not always the case．though．When you look at attitudes toward driverless cars，there
doesn’t seem to be a clear generational divide．The public overall is split on whether they’d like to use a driverless car．In a study last year,of all people surveyed，48 percent said they wanted to ride in one，while 50 percent did not．
The fact that attitudes toward self-driving cars appear to be so steady across generations suggests how transformative the shift to driverless cars could be．Not everyone wants a driverless car now—and no one can get one yet—but among those who are open to them，every age group is similarly engaged．
Actually，this isn’t surprising．Whereas older generations are sometimes reluctant to adopt new technologies，driverless cars promise real value to these age groups in particular．Older adults，especially those with limited mobility or difficulty driving on their own，are one of the classic use-cases for driverless cars．
This is especially interesting when you consider that younger people are generally more interested in travel-related technologies than older ones．
When it comes to driverless cars，differences in attitudes are more pronounced based on factors not related to age．College graduates，for example，are particularly interested in driverless cars compared with those who have less education：59 percent of college graduates said they would like to use a driverless car compared with 38 percent of those with a high—school diploma or less．
Where a person lives matters，too．More people who lived in cities and suburbs said they wanted to try driverless cars than those who lived in rural areas．
Wh1ile there’s reason to believe that interest in self-driving cars is going up across the board．a person’s age will have little to do with how self-driving cars can become mainstream．Once driverless cars are actually available for sale，the early adopters will be the people who can afford to buy them．
46．What happens when a new technology emerges?
A．It further widens the gap between the old and the young． B．It often leads to innovations in other related fields． C．It contributes greatly to the advance of society as a whole． D．It usually draws different reactions from different age groups． 47．What does the author say about the driverless car? A．It does not seem to create a generational divide． B．It will not necessarily reduce road accidents． C．It may start a revolution in the car industry． D．It has given rise to unrealistic expectations． 48．Why does the driverless car appeal to some old people? A．It saves their energy． B．It helps with their mobility．
C．It adds to the safety of their travel． D．It stirs up their interest in life．
49．What is likely to affect one’s attitude toward the driverless car? A．The location of their residence． B．The field of their special interest． C．The amount of training they received． D．The length of their driving experience．
50．Who are likely to be the first to buy the driverless car? A．The seniors． B．The educated． C．The wealthy． D．The tech fans． Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage．
In agrarian(农业的)，pre-industrial Europe，“you’d want to wake up early start working with the sunrise，have a break to have the largest meal，and then you’d go back to work，”says Ken Albala，a professor of history at the University of the Pacific．“Later,at 5 or 6．you’d have a smaller supper”
This comfortable cycle,in which the rhythms of the day helped shape the rhythms of the meals，gave rise to the custom of the large midday meal．eaten with the extended family．“Meals are the foundation of the family” says Carole Counihan a professor at Millersville University n Pennsylvania so there was a very important interconnection between eating together”and strengthening family ties．
Since industrialization，maintaining such a slow cultural metabolism has been much harder,with the long midday meal shrinking to whatever could be stuffed into a lunch bucket or bought at a food stand．Certainly, there were benefits．Modem techniques for producing and shipping food led to greater variety and quantity, including a tremendous increase in the amount of animal protein and dairy products available，making us more vigorous than our ancestors．
Yet plenty has been lost too．even in cultures that still live to eat．Take Italy．It’s no secret that the Mediterranean diet is healthy,but it was also a joy to prepare and eat．Italians，says Counihan，traditionally began the day with a small meal．The big meal came at around 1 p．m．In between the midday meal and a late,smaller dinner came a small snack．Today,when time zones have less and less meaning，there is little tolerance for offices’closing for lunch，and worsening traffic in cities means workers can’t make it home and back fast enough anyway．So the formerly small supper after sundown becomes the big meal of the day,the only one at which the family has a chance to get together．“The evening meal carries the full burden that used to be spread over two meals，”says Counihan．
51．What do we learn from the passage about people in pre—industrial Europe? A．They had to work from early morning till late at night． B．They were so busy working that they only ate simple meals． C．Their daily routine followed the rhythm of the natural cycle． D．Their lire was much more comfortable than that of today．
52．What does Professor Carole Counihan say about pre-industrial European families eating meals together?
A．It was helpful to maintaining a nation’s tradition． B．It brought family members closer to each other． C．It was characteristic of the agrarian culture． D．It enabled families to save a lot of money．
53．What does“cultural metabolism”(Line l，Para．3)refer to? A．Evolutionary adaptation． B．Changes in lifestyle．
C．Social progress． D．Pace of life．
54．What does the author think of the food people eat today? A．Its quality is usually guaranteed． B．It is varied，abundant and nutritious．
C．It is more costly than what our ancestors ate． D．Its production depends too much on technology． 55．What does the author say about Italians of the old days? A．They enjoyed cooking as well as eating． B．They ate a big dinner late in the evening． C．They ate three meals regularly every day． D．They were expert at cooking meals． Part IV Translation(30 minutes)
Directions：For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2．
在山东省潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志。潍坊以“风筝之都”而闻名，已有将近2400年放飞风筝的历史。传说中国古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝，但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了。也有人相信风筝是中国古代木匠鲁班发明的。据说他的风筝用木头和竹子制作，飞了三天后才落地。
2016年6月英语四级真题和答案解析(卷一)
参考范文 Dear Jack,
I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude for the continuous assistance you and your family have offered to me these years.
Firstly, your continuous help have made me a splendid academic achievement in my study career. Secondly, your family are fridendly and make me feel at home when everytime I visit you. Thirdly, the Chinese food you have brought me is dilicious and I enjoy it so much. At last, I miss the Christmas night with you forever.
In a word, my appreciation to you is beyond words. Besides, It is really an honor for me to be your friend and I will cherish the goodwill you have showed to me wherever I go. In the coming year, I hope that you and your family would come and visit America one day. Sincerely yours, Li Ming 听力
1. C) Rising unemployment worldwide.
2. C) Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis. 3. B) Put calorie information on the menu. 4. A) They will be fined.
5. D) Failure to integrate innovation into their business. 6. B) It is the creation of something new.
7. C) Its innovation culture.
8. D)He does not talk long on the phone. 9.B) talk at length.
10.A) He thought it was cool.
11.C) It is childish and unprofessional.
12. A) He wants to change his job assignment. 13. A) His workload was much too heavy. 14. C) His boss has a lot of trust in him. 15. D) Talk to his boss in person first.
16.A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life 17 .C) They get less and less sleep 18 .D) Their blood pressure will rise
19. B) What course you are going to choose 20. D) The personal statement
21. C)Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject 22 .B) It was built in the late 19th century. 23 .D) They often broke down.
24 .A) They were produced on the assembly line. 25 .C) It marked a new era in motor travel.
词汇理解 26 B advanced 27 D frequent 28 G dempens 29 A abandoned 30 M provide 31 K grant 32 H dietant 33 L merely 34 I frequent 35 F dampens
长篇阅读
36. 正确选项 E 37. 正确选项 L 38. 正确选项 B 39. 正确选项 H 40. 正确选项 N 41. 正确选项 J 42. 正确选项 F 43. 正确选项 C 44. 正确选项 I 45. 正确选项 G
仔细阅读 Passage one
46. 正确选项C。It can be avoided if human values aretranslated into theirlanguage. 47. 正确选项D。 They areill-bred.
48. 正确选项C。 By picking up patterns from massive dataonhuman behavior. 49. 正确选项D。 Do sufficient testing beforetakingaction. 50. 正确选项A。 Determine what is moral andethical. Passage Two
51. 正确选项A。to see whether people’s personality affectstheir life span 52. 正确选项D。 They are more likely to getoverhardship.
53. 正确选项C。 Such personality characteristicsasself-discipline have no effect onlongevity. 54. 正确选项D。 Mothers’negative personalitycharacteristics may affect their children’s lifespans..
55. 正确选项B。 Longevity results form a combination ofmentaland physical health. 56 B advanced
翻译
功夫(Kung Fu)是中国武术(martial arts)的俗称。中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要，狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练。它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素。作为中国的国宝，功夫有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式。有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想、神话和传说的启发。 【参考答案】
Kung Fu isthe folk name of Chinese martial arts, whichdates back to the need ofself-defense, hunting, and military drillin ancient China. It is one ofChina’s traditional sports, and allpeople, old and young, would participatein. It has graduallyevolved into a unique element of the Chinese culture. As anationaltreasure of China, it has hundreds of styles. Meanwhile, it isalsothe most practiced art form in the world. Some styles imitatethe movements ofanimals, while others are inspired by Chinesephilosophy, myth and legend.