郑州大学毕业论文
题 目： 非均相光催化技术在水处理中的应用 指导教师： 闫怡新 职称： 讲师
学生姓名： 任振鹏 学号：20110530213 专 业： 环境工程 院（系）： 水利与环境学院 完成时间： 2015年6月
2015年6月1日
目录
摘要 ................................................................................................................................................. I Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... II 1 绪论 ............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 引言 ...................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 反应机理 .............................................................................................................................. 2 2 光催化剂 ..................................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 TiO2....................................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 TiO2的晶体结构 ............................................................................................................ 5 2.1.2 TiO2作为光催化剂的优点与缺点 ................................................................................ 7 2.1.3 TiO2的掺杂改性 ............................................................................................................ 7 2.2 其他催化剂 ........................................................................................................................ 15 3 影响TiO2光催化效率的因素 .................................................................................................. 16 3.1 催化剂 ................................................................................................................................ 16 3.1.1 比表面积 ...................................................................................................................... 16 3.1.2 粒径大小 ...................................................................................................................... 16 3.1.3 晶型 .............................................................................................................................. 17 3.1.4 光催化剂的用量 .......................................................................................................... 19 3.2 光源与光强 ........................................................................................................................ 20 3.2.1 光源 .............................................................................................................................. 20 3.2.2 光强 .............................................................................................................................. 20 3.3 pH值 ................................................................................................................................... 21 3.4 温度 .................................................................................................................................... 22 3.5 外加氧化剂 ........................................................................................................................ 22 3.6 溶解性盐类 ........................................................................................................................ 23 4 非均相光催化在水处理中的应用 ........................................................................................... 24 4.1废水处理 ............................................................................................................................ 24 4.1.1 染料废水 ...................................................................................................................... 24 4.1.2 农药废水 ...................................................................................................................... 25
4.1.3 含油废水 ...................................................................................................................... 26 4.1.4 垃圾渗滤液 .................................................................................................................. 26 4.1.5 酸性废水 ...................................................................................................................... 27 4.2饮用水净化 ........................................................................................................................ 28 4.2.1 处理微量有机污染物 .................................................................................................. 28 4.2.2 杀菌消毒 ...................................................................................................................... 29 5 存在问题及发展前景 ............................................................................................................... 30 5.1 存在问题 ............................................................................................................................ 30 5.2 发展趋势 ............................................................................................................................ 30 致谢 .............................................................................................................................................. 32 参考文献 ...................................................................................................................................... 33 附录1：英文文献 ....................................................................................................................... 37 附录2：翻译 ............................................................................................................................... 44
摘要
水处理高级氧化技术是近年来发展起来的新型水处理技术，其中非均相光催化技术具有操作简单，无二次污染等优点，因此具有极大的应用潜力。
本文首先阐述了光催化的反应机理，并介绍了其主要催化剂TiO2的结构、特性、掺杂改性的途径。然后讨论了影响TiO2光催化效率的主要因素，包括催化剂的比表面积、粒径大小、晶型、光催化剂的用量、光源和光强、温度和pH等，并概述了光催化技术在染料废水、农药废水、酸性废水以及饮用水净化方面的研究进展。在此基础上总结了当前光催化技术在水处理应用中存在的一些重要问题和未来的发展趋势。 关键词：光催化、TiO2、水处理
I
Abstract
Water treatment advanced oxidation technologies as a new type of water treatment technology，is developed in recent years，and heterogeneous photocatalytic technology has simple operation，no secondary pollution，etc，so it has great application potential.
Firstly，This paper describes the photocatalytic reaction mechanism，and introduces its structure、characteristics、doping modification of main TiO2 catalyst. Then the paper discusses the main factors influencing photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2，including specific surface area、particle size and morphology of catalysts、the dosage of photocatalyst、light source and light intensity、temperature and pH，etc。And it summarizes the research progress of photocatalytic technology in dye wastewater、pesticide wastewater、acid wastewater and drinking water purification. On this basis，it summarizes some important problems and the future development trends of current photocatalysis technology in the application of water treatment.
Key words：photocatalytic、titanium dioxide 、water treatment
II