郑州市2015年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测
英语试题卷
第I卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（1-20题，略） 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节（共15题，每题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Katie was in big trouble. She was such a sweet kid; a third-grade teacher always dreamed of having a classroom filled with Katies; she was never ever a discipline problem. I just couldn't imagine why she had made her parents so angry.
It seemed that Katie had been running up sizable charges in the lunchroom. Her parents explained that Katie brought a great homemade lunch each day, and there was no reason for her to buy school lunch. They assumed a sit-down with Katie would solve the problem, but failed. So they asked me to help them get to the bottom of this situation.
So the next day, I asked Katie to my office. “Why are you charging lunches, Katie? What happened to your homemade lunch?” I asked. “I lose it,” she responded. I leaned back in my chair and said, “I don’t believe you, Katie.” She didn’t care. “Is someone stealing your lunch, Katie?” I took a new track. “No. I just lose it,” she said. Well, there was nothing else I could do.
The problem was still unsolved the next week when I noticed a boy who was new to the school sitting alone at a lunch table. He always looked sad. I thought I would go and sit with him for a while. As I walked towards him, I noticed that lunch bag on the table. The name on the bag said “Katie”.
Now I understood and I talked to Katie. It seemed that the new boy never brought a lunch, and he wouldn’t go to the lunch line for a free lunch. He had told Katie his secret and asked her not to tell anyone that his parents wanted him to get a free lunch at schol. Katie asked me not to tell her parents, but I drove to her house that evening after I was sure that she was in bed. I had never seen parents so proud of their child. Katie didn’t care that her parents and teacher were disappointed in her. But she cared about a little boy who was hungry and scared.
Katie still buys lunch every day at school. And every day, as she heads out of the door, her mom hands her a delicious homemade lunch. 21. What did the author think of Katie?
A. She performed well at school. B. She was a girl filled with love.
C. She often made trouble at school D. She used to be a discipline problem 22. Why did Katie eat school lunch instead of her homemade lunch every day? A. She lost her homemade lunch.
B. She had her homemade lunch stolen.
C. She didn’t like the taste of her homemade lunch.
D. She gave her homemade lunch to a hungry boy.
23. What was Katie’s parents’ reaction to the truth about the lunch?
A. They were very angry. B. They were proud of Katie. C. They were very disappointed. D. They were rather upset. 24. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Katie was informed that her parents had known her secret.
B. Katie told the author the truth of her lunch during their first talk. C. Katie’s secret of lunch was discovered by the author by accident. D. Katie stopped buying lunch at school after her secret was discovered.
B
I log onto a computer at the doctor’s office to say I have arrived and then wait until a voice calls me into the examination room.
There, a robotic nurse directs me onto a device and then takes my blood pressure. Some time later, in steps a doctor, who is also a robot. He notes down my symptoms and gives me a prescription（处方）. I pay for my visit by using a credit card machine and return home without having met another human being.
When I call my dentist’s office and actually get a human being on the line, I am thrilled. And when I see the introduction of yet more self-service checkout stations at the grocery store, I feel like shouting, “When it comes to cashiers, make mine human, please.”
After all, human cashiers sometimes give you a store coupon(优惠券) for items
you are buying. Even more than that, real-life cashiers often take an interest in particularly cute children, which can brighten a young mother’s day. A cashier may also show compassion (同情)for an elderly person struggling to get that last penny out of her purse.
What technological device would do any of this? I don’t want to go back to the Stone Age, but I’m also worried about a world run by machines. Sometimes when you’re chatting with someone, you discover things you need to know. Maybe a receptionist needs prayers said for a sick child. Maybe a salesperson can offer a bit of encouragement to a customer who is feeling tired.
Machines can be efficient and cost-effective and they often get the job done just fine. But they lack an element so important to everyday life.
Call it the spirit, the soul or the heart. It is something no machine will ever have. It is being human that prompts us to smile at others, which may be what they need at that moment.
25. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the first two paragraphs? A. To indicate high technology can make our future life very easy.
B. To describe a possible future scene where robots take control of our life. C. To warn readers of the possible dangers of robotic nurses and doctors.
D. To predict how technology can affect the way we see a doctor in the future. 26. Why does the author prefer being served by humans rather than by robots? A. Robots are indifferent and enotionless. B. Robots can’t provide efficeint services. C. Robots don’t offer to give store coupons.
D. Robots are unable to do a job as well as humans. 27. What’s the autor’s attitude towards machines? A. He wishes one day they would come to life.
B. He is absolutely against their existence in his life. C. He doesn’t like they get involved in his life too much. D. He is afraid they would take the place of human beings.
C
Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have
long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them.
Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of running after a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox, they kill it or a hunter shoots it.
People who take part in hunting think of as a sport. They wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict rules of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.
It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people who are against fox hunting, because they think it is brutal (残酷的), has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of conflict between hunters and hunt opponents (阻止者). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly opponents discourage the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox’s smell, which the dogs follow.
Noisy conflicts between hunters and opponents have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as running after foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party Member of the Parliament(英国议会), Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain. 28. Wealthy people in Britain have been hunting foxes to ________. A. benefit the farmers B. get entertainment
C. show off their wealth D. limit the fox population
29. The opponents of fox-hunting often discourage the game by _______ . A. using violence B. taking legal action
C. seeking help from farmers D. confusing the fox hunters 30. A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to ________. A. protect wild animals like foxes B. control fox-hunting on a large scale C. prohibit farmers from hunting foxes D. standarlize the behavior of fox-hunting 31. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Limiting the fox population is unnecessary at all. B. Killing foxes with poison is not allowed by the law.
C. Hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violent. D. fox-hunting causes conflicts between hunters and farmers.
D
“A photograph that one has taken of oneself, typically with a smart phone or webcam and uploaded to a social media website” is the definition of “selfie” in the Oxford English Dictionary. In fact, it wasn’t even in the dictionary until August of last year. It earned its place there because people are now so obsessed with(对……痴迷) selfies----we take them when we try on a new hat, play with our pets or when we meet a friend whom we haven’t seen in a while.
But is there any scientific explanation for this obsession? Well, you should probably ask James Kilner, a neuroscientist(神经系统科学家) at University College London.
Through our lifetime we become experts at recognizing and interpreting other people’s faces and facial expressions. In contrast, according to Kilner, we have a very poor understanding of our own faces since we have little experience of looking at them----we just feel them most of the time.
This has been proved in previous studies, according to the BBC.
Kilner found that most people chose the more attactive picture. This suggests that we tend to think of ourselves as better-looking than we actually are. To further test how we actually perceive our own faces, Kilner carried out another study. He showed people different versions of their own portrait----the original, one that had been edited to look less attractive and one that was made more attractive----and asked them to pick the version which they thought looked most like them. They chose the more attractive version.
But what does it say about selfies? Well, isn’t that obvious? Selfies give us the power to create a photograph----by taking it from various angles, with different poses, using filter(滤色镜) and so on----that better matches our expectations with our actual faces.
“You suddenly have control in a way that you don’t have in non-virtual(非虚拟的) interactions,” Kilner told the Canada-based CTV News. Selfies allow you “to keep taking pictures until you manage to take one you’re happy with”, he explained. 32. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The definition and fun of taking selfies. B. A study of why people love taking selfies.
C. How taking selfies influences people’s daily lives. D. How to interpret people’s facial expressions in their selfies.
33. The underlined word “perceive” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “_____” A. interpret B. beautify C. choose D. explain 34. What did Kilner discover from his researches?
A. People interpret others’ facial expressions worse than their own. B. People tend to spend more time looking at their faces than at others’. C. People tend to believe they look more attractive than they actually are. D. People who like taking selfies know more about their facial expressions.
35. According to Kilner, people like taking selfies probably because they think _____.
A. it is a good chance to learn more about their actual faces B. it is a way to respond to others’ facial expressions correctly
C. it enalbes them to respond to interact with their friends in social media D. it allows them to satisfy their expectations with their appearances
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Although most games have winners and loses, the goal of sports is not to win every game. The real goals include getting exercise, having fun, and learning important social skills, like good sportsmanship.
Good sportsmanship is all about respect. Good sports(具有运动家品格的人) respect the other players on their team. They respect the players on opposing teams. They respect their coaches, and they also respect the referees or other officials involved in their games. 36 They yell at their teammates and they talk back to coaches or referees.
Kids usually learn sportsmanship --- good and bad ---- from the adults in their lives. 37 If parents and coaches show disrespect to other fans, referees, or each other, kids will
likely act the same way on the field.
38 Some of them are very basic and easy to do, like shaking hands with other players before a game. Other examples may take a little more courage, such as acknowledging a great play made by the opposing team.
Learning good sportsmanship is important because it helps you develop an attitude of graciousness (礼貌) and respect that will carry over into all the other areas of your life! 39 Being a good sport in the classroom will eventually lead to being a good sport in the workplace.
So be a good sport in whatever you do! 40 When others see you acting in a way that makes it clear that winning isn't the most important thing, you can move on to focusing on the important things, like having fun, getting exercise, and improving your skills.
A. Good sportsmanship can be shown in many ways.
B. On the contrary, bad sportsmanship is all about disrespect.
C. The example you set can be a powerful teaching tool for others. D. Players 'parents and coaches set examples that kids tend to follow. E. We can be good sports by encouraging others but not laughing at them. F. Starting as a good sport earlier will help you be a good sport as you get old.
G. If you're a good sport on the field, you'll also likely be a good sport in the classroom
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节 完形填空(共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分30 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。