基本用法
宾语从句 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句
结构：主语+谓语+宾语（陈述句语序）、从属连词。
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether，和特殊疑问词（what， how， where， when等)。
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，
if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句。 He told me (that ）he would go to college the next year. 他告诉我他明年上大学。
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车。
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没有人知道他是否会通过考试。
Teachers were asking me whether I had gone there or not at that time. 那时老师们在问我是否曾去过那里。 宾语从句的基本用法
名词性从句在复合句中作谓语动词、 非谓语动词、 介词的宾语时被称为宾语从句。高考中常见的宾语从句包括以下几种情况：
1. that引导的宾语从句(that经常可以被省略)， 例如：
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His mother said (that) Saul Grant was a music critic. 他母亲说索尔?格兰特是个音乐评论家。
把握that引导的宾语从句要注意以下特殊情况：
(1) 宾语从句(通常是由that引导的宾语从句)常置于句末并用it作形式宾语。例如： We think it important that Mary should tell the truth. 我们认为玛丽说出实情很重要。// I have made it clear that we’ll sign the contract with your company. 我已讲得很清楚： 我方将与贵公司签订这个合约。
(2) that 从句作介词宾语只用于except that和in that结构。例如： His report is correct except that some details are omitted. 除了有些细节未提到之外， 他的报道是正确的。// Criticism and self’criticism is necessary in that it helps us to correct our mistakes. 批评和自我批评是必要的， 因为它能帮助我们改正错误。
(3) allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等及物动词后可以接不定式或动名词作宾语， 但不可以接that引导的宾语从句。例如：
I admire their winning the match. (√) I admire that they won the match. (?菖)
2. 与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句， 这包括：
(1) 动词(＋间接宾语)＋与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句。常用于这种句型的动词有see, know, wonder, show, ask, tell, decide, find out, imagine等。例如： Tell me how you went to school. 告诉我你怎么去上学的。// John wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday. 约翰不知道为什么警察局要他去， 但昨天他还是去了。
(2) 介词＋与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句。例如： I am not interested in what he is doing. 我对他做的事不感兴趣。// He will write a book on how Chinese people learn English. 他将写一本中国人如何学英语的书。
(3) be＋形容词＋与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句(这种结构中的“be＋形容词”可以被视为发挥着及物动词的作用， 其后的从句具有宾语从句的性质)， 例如： Are you certain that you’ll get there in time? 你有把握及时赶到那里吗？// He was disappointed that he failed to get the master degree. 他很失望没有获得硕士学位。
3. whether与if引导宾语从句时一般可以互换， 例如： The boss asked me whether/if she was qualified for the task. 老板问我她是否胜任这项任务。
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关联词
关联代词
关联代词主要有
who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。
关联代词一般指疑问但what,whatever除了指疑问外也可以指陈述。 Do you know who has won Red Alert game 你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏吗
The book will show you what the best CEO should know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么。
Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cellphone 你决定好是买诺基亚还是买摩托罗拉的电话吗
关联副词
连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等。 He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面。
Could you please tell me how you use the new panel 你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 没有人知道这些新的零件能在哪里买到。 二、动词的宾语从句
大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句
We all expect they will win,for members of their team are stronger.
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我们都预料他们会赢因为他们的队员更强壮。
He told us that they would help us through the whole work. 他告诉我们在整个工作中他们都会帮忙的。 部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out. 我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了。
Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip 你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗 动词短语也可以带宾语从句 常见的这些词有 make sure 确保
make up one’s mind 下决心 keep in mind 牢记
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in. 当你在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误。 可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe,think等后面有宾语补足语的时候则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . 我认为我们每天多喝开水是有必要的。
I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together. 我没去聚会感觉非常遗憾。
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯。
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We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matter. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要。
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it双宾语 这类动词主要有hate,take,owe,have,see to.award,lend.hand, mail,offer,pass,pay,post,read,return,show,teach,tell I hate it when they say with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。
He will have it that our plan is really practical. 他会认为我们的计划确实可行。 We take it that you will agree with us. 我们认为你会同意我们的。
When you start the engine,you must see to it that car is in neutral. 开启发动机时一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位置。 ③若宾语从句是wh-类则不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable. 我们都认为你所说的是不可信的。
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable. 我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有价值的。 Can you tell me if there any shop here? 你能告诉我这里有商店吗 三、介词的宾语从句
用whether之类的介词宾语从句
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
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