Working in the Console 控制台中的工作
Overview 概述
The RStudio console includes a variety of features intended to make working with R more productive and straightforward. This article reviews these features. Learning to use these features along with the related features available in the Source and History panes can have a substantial payoff in your overall productivity with R.
RStudio控制台包含许多使R工作更为有效和直观的特征。本文综述这些特征。学习使用这些特征以及Source和History窗口中可用的相关特征可以对你使用R的效率有实际性的帮助。
Code Completion 代码补全
RStudio supports the automatic completion of code using the Tab key. For example, if you have an object named
pollResults in your workspace you can type poll and then Tab and RStudio will automatically complete
the full name of the object.
RStudio支持使用
Tab
键来自动补全代码。例如，如果你在工作空间中有名为
pollResults的对象，你可输入poll然后按Tab键，RStudio将自动完成该对象的全名。
The code completion feature also provides inline help for functions whenever possible. For example, if you typed
sub then pressed Tab you would see:
代码补全特征同样提供了尽可能的嵌入式帮助。例如，如果你可输入sub然后按Tab键，你将看到：
Code completion also works for function arguments, so if you typed subset( and then pressed Tab you'd see the following:
代码补全还可以对参数功能进行工作，如果你可输入subset(然后按Tab键，你将看到：
Retrieving Previous Commands 检索以前命令
As you work with R you'll often want to re-execute a command which you previously entered. As with the standard R console, the RStudio console supports the ability to recall previous commands using the arrow keys:
当你使用R进行工作，你将经常可输入重新执行你之前输入的命令。与标准的R控制台一样，RStudio控制台支持使用以下方向键回忆之前命令的功能：
? ? ? ?
Up — Recall previous command(s) Down — Reverse of Up Up —回忆前一条命令； Down —回Up相反；
If you wish to review a list of your recent commands and then select a command from this list you can use Ctrl+Up to review the list (note that on the Mac you can also use Command-Up):
如果你希望回顾你当前的命令列表并从中选择一条命令，则可使用Ctrl+Up来回顾命令列
表（注意：在Mac你还可使用Command-Up）
You can also use this same keyboard shortcut to quickly search for commands that match a given prefix. For example, to search for previous instances of the plot function simply type plot and then Ctrl+Up:
你还可以使用同样的快捷键来快速查找匹配给定前缀的命令。例如，查找前面出现过的
plot函数，先输入plot然后Ctrl+Up
Console Title Bar 控制台标题栏
This screenshot illustrates a few additional capabilities provided by the Console title bar:
这个截屏阐明了控制台标题栏的一些额外功能。
? ? ?
Display of the current working directory.
The ability to interrupt R during a long computation.
Minimizing and maximizing the Console in relation to the Source pane (using the buttons at the top-right or by double-clicking the title bar).
? 显示当前工作目录；
? 能够在一个长期的计算里中断R；
? 最小化和最大化Console和Source窗口（使用右上按钮或双击标题栏）
Keyboard Shortcuts 快捷键
Beyond the history and code-completion oriented keyboard shortcuts described above, there are a wide variety of other shortcuts available. Some of the more useful shortcuts include:
除了上述的历史和代码补全快捷键外，还有很多其他快捷键可用，其中最为有用的快捷
键包括
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Ctrl+1 — Move focus to the Source Editor Ctrl+2 — Move focus to the Console Ctrl+L — Clear the Console Esc — Interrupt R
Ctrl+1 —移动焦点到Source编辑器。 Ctrl+2 —移动焦点到Console。 Ctrl+L —清理控制台； Esc —中断
R
You can find a list of all shortcuts in the Keyboard Shortcuts article. 你可从Keyboard Shortcuts文中找到所有快捷键列表。
Related Topics 相关主题
? ?
Editing and Executing Code 编辑和执行代码 Using Command History 使用命令历史
Editing and Executing Code 编辑执行代码
Overview 概述
RStudio's source editor includes a variety of productivity enhancing features including syntax highlighting, code completion, multiple-file editing, and find/replace.
RStudio的souce编辑器包含各种提高效率的特征，包括语法高亮显示，代码自动补全，多文件编辑以及查找和替换。
RStudio also enables you to flexibly execute R code directly from the source editor. For many R developers this represents their preferred way of working with R. By executing commands from within the source editor rather than the console it is much easier to reproduce sequences of commands as well as package them for re-use as a function. These features are described in the Executing Code section below.
RStudio还可以使你直接通过source编辑器灵活地执行R代码。对于许多R开发者来说，这是他们使用R的首选方式。通过source编辑器执行命令相对于控制台来说更便于复制命令序列和将其做为再次使用的函数进行打包；这些特征将在后面的执行代码部分讲解。
Managing Files 文件管理
RStudio supports syntax highlighting and other specialized code-editing features for the following types of files:
Rstudio支持语法高亮显示和其他专业化的代码编辑功能，针对以下类型文件。
? ? ?
R scripts R
脚本文件
文件
Sweave documents SweaveTeX documents Tex
文件
To create a new file you use the File -> New menu: 你可通过File -> New菜单创建新文件。（你也
可使用Ctrl+Shift+N快捷键）。