Test and Research
工程机械
第 43 卷 2012 年 11 月
图 8 一级 8 位分段中值滤波＋二级 8 位 FIFO 算术平均滤波效果
均滤波得到的结果与 127 位的大数据量滤波效果
更接近，转速曲线更平滑。
5 结束语
本文分析了挖掘机发动机转速的测量系统，对 转速的测试方法及滤波方法进行了探讨，并针对发 动机转速的不均匀性，结合控制系统对转速存在的 测量精度和及时性要求，提出了分段中值滤波和 FIFO 算术平均滤波两级滤波的转速滤波方法，以在 降低单片机资源占用的情况下，获得较好的检测及 时性及测量精度。
对挖掘机发动机转速测量而言，采用图 8 所示 的方案，即数字滤波采用两级组合滤波方式，一级 为 8 位分段中值滤波，二级为 8 位 FIFO 算术平均
滤波，能获得比较理想的结果。就其他工程机械发
动机转速测量而言，采用两级组合滤波方式也是可 以的，但究竟采用哪种组合滤波方式能更好地满足 控制要求，尚待进一步分析探讨。
参考文献
[1] 蒋东方.基于边沿捕捉与中值滤波的航空发动机转速测
量[J].仪表技术与传感器，2009（2）：96- 99. [2] 王保强，窦文，白红.高精度测频方案设计[J].成都信息工 程学院学报，2002（2）：77- 81. [3] 王庆河，王庆山.数据处理中的几种常用数字滤波算法
[J].计量技术，2003（04）：53- 54.
通信地址：广西柳州市柳太路 1 号 广西柳工机械股份有限 公司中央研究院（545007）
（收稿日期：2012- 07- 11）
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（上接第 5 页）
标准化工作，使我国节能型土方机械和再制造产品
得到全面的提高和发展，使土方机械产品的制造资 源消耗和产品应用中的能源消耗得到显著的降低。
（5）重点研制和实施土方机械安全和环境保护 标准。土方机械的安全和环保是国际土方机械产品 发展的重点以及标准制定的重点，因此我国要重点 研制和实施土方机械安全和环境保护标准，重点实 施和修订完善 15 项土方机械安全以及土方机械噪
声限值的强制性国家标准。通过制定和实施这些起
点较高，符合当前世界土方机械发展方向的标准， 提升我国土方机械产品的技术含量，构成对人身安 全、身体健康及社会环境的全面、系统的保护和保 障，增强我国土方机械产品的国际竞争力。
通信地址：天津北辰科技园区华实道 91 号 天津工程机械研 究院（300409）
（收稿日期：2012- 09- 05）
— 24 —
IAbstracts in Englis
PI1I)lishing on Nov. 10, 2012
Vol. 43 No. II (Serial No. 469)
Present Situation and Analysis of Chinese Standard of Earthmoving Machinery
The text introduces Chinese national standards of carthmoving machinery together with the industrial basis and situation while analyzing formation, distribution, quantity and quality of the standardization system as well as differences with ISO and other foreign standards. More, the text in view of defects andlor backwards in some of the standards analyzes their suitability and aging effects before putting forth stresses on the jobs to come concerning standardization of the earthmoving machinery, which line up as to raise suitability of the standards with the market, to adopt effective measures to utilize ISO standards, to readjust composing elements of the national standards so as to set up important pieces of standard. to promote research and development in the natIonaI standardization as surrounding the States
programs for industrial readjustment ind
eflCtiN/Ifl1.
together with low carbon economy, and to focus on
research and de cIoiiciit and c\\eculIon ot aIct\\ and
environment friendly standards for the earthmoving machinery.
Keywords: Earthmoving machinery; Standard;
Analysis
Model GYSPW2O8O Shot Blaster and Shot Blasting Treatment Processes
To treat road and bridge surface with shoot blasting becomes a newcomer advanced process to deal with problems in the local surface traffic for the recent several years. However, to execute this process needs a special piece of equipment for the job, i.e. a shoot blaster to trim the pavement surface. The text beginning with basic working principles of the shot blaster introduces the model GYSPW2O8O shot blaster plus its make-up, basic features, critical techniques, as well as range of
application of the process and the basic work requirements etc, job instances prove that the shoot blaster and its process can meet the application with satisfactory results. Therefore, we should suggest to promote in full the shoot blasting for pavement surface treatment within China.
Keywords: Pavement; Shot blasting treatment;
Surface roughness; Adhesion and binding; Work process
Brief Discussion on Profile of Loader Bucket
First of all, function and significance of loader’s bucket profile and design should be clearly defined, before discussing how the bucket is classified, and the major parameters that affect the loading performance. The next step is to introduce how the loader bucket was designed, according to the present experiences. And finally, the
discussion touches rcle ant theories and critical techniques in the bucket profile and design.
Keywords: Loader; Bucket; Bucket profile design Brief Analysis of Backlash Adjustment for Slewing Mechanism
The text introduces mesh lashes of the swing reduction pinion with the swing circle gear plus the affecting factors and how to readjust. Through formula deduction we got that eccentric arm of the swing reduction gear and angle of the actual installation as relative to that of its initial installation does affect side lashes at the gear pair. Keywords: Swing reduction gear; Gear backlash;
Adjustment
Engine Speed Signal Testing and Method of Digital Filtering
The engine RPM as an important parameter in the construction machinery controls in a process, e.g. power
control, speed change and control. Therefore, it is of important significance to quickly and precisely measure out the RPM and minimize affection by the interference signals while reducing measurement loads as much as possible at the control system so as to increase stability and respondent capability of the control system. We considered structural formation of the RPM measuring system with analyses of the correspondent measurements and filtering methods before put forth concrete measurements and filtering methods while verifying actual tests and filtering results.
Keywords: Engine; RPM; Test; Digital filtering Shaft Modal Analysis of Power System of Hybrid Power Excavators
We through finite element computation had got top 10 grades of modular frequency and vibration mode, respectively, for the diesel engine shaft series and the motor shaft series. Thereon, we through finite element computation had got top 10 grades of modular frequency and vibration mode, respectively, for the mixed power shaft series. Computation results show that as compared with common power systems there is a decrease of individual modular frequencies in the mixed power shaft series as a result of the electric motor insertion, but higher than that of the electric motor shaft series. Such a decrease is mainly because of grades of modular frequency in the electric motor shaft series are obviously higher than that of the diesel engine shaft series, which was followed by a trial test and analysis of the vibration signals at the mixed power shaft series. Test results show that signal energy concentrates in the X direction and Y direction and tell that the vibration signal is mainly created by the bending vibration. Frequency spectrum of the vibration signal witnessed 5th-grade and 6th grade modular frequency in shaft series of the power system and tells that the vibration signal comes mainly from rotor of the electric motor.
Keywords: Hybrid power excavator; Power
system; Modular analysis; Shaft
series
Deflective Vibration Simulation Analysis of Single Drum Vibratory Compactors Based on ADAMS Deflective vibration in the vibratory compactor does not only affect evenness of the compaction but also affect
IAbstracts in Englis I
r
straight travel performance of the roller itself. Therefore, we tested vibratory amplitude along tread of the single drum vibratory roller and found serious bias-vibration existing there at 8.8% bias-vibration amplitude at high vibration rate, and 7.6% at a lower vibration rate. We according to structural parameters of the single vibratory drum roller set up an ADAMS model for the vibratory drum while simulating vibratory amplitude evenness of the vibrating drum, thus effectively improving bias vibration of the vibratory roller by means of minimizing bias displacement of energizing center in the vibratory drum as off mass center of the vibratory body.
Keywords: Vibratory compactor; Deflective
vibration; Test; ADAMS; Simulation
Cooling System of a 6-ton Energy-Saving Type Loader
It introduces a 6 t power saving type wheel loader as an research and development product of the Tianjin Research Institute of Construction Machinery itself. The research and development indcpendent radiating-cooling system consists of a fan, fixed displacement pump, fixed displacement motor, proportional relief valve, temp sensor, temp control valve, monitors, etc. The cooling fan is driven through an independent controllable hydraulic system and a fuzzy control way so as to cool down simultaneously the 3 media of engine coolant, hydraulic oil, and the torque converter oil. The systems features include simple construction, precise control, easy operation, safety and reliability, quick temp raise of the cooling medium, stable functions and performance.
Keywords: Loader; Cooling fan; Proportional
relief valve; Fuzzy control
Strength Finite Element Analysis of Bulldozer Drive Shaft
A finite element model was set up by utilizing ANSYS Workbench software for the steering clutch input shaft in a certain type bulldozer under a turning torque load while carrying out a finite element analysis thereof to have got stress and strain results at dangerous positions of the drive shaft. The results show that failures are vulnerable to happen at positions of the spline and/or transit radius. Keywords: Drive shaft; Torque load; Finite
element