?ππ而?n收敛,故?sinn也收敛.
3n?13n?1?(4)∵Un?而?n?1?12?n3?1n?3?1n32 收敛.
1n32收敛,故?n?112?n3??1111?(5)当a>1时,Un?,而收敛,故也收敛. ??nn1?anann?1an?11?a121Un?lim?1?0,级数发散. 当01时,原级数收敛,当0
?2?12?11?ln2?1而?发散,由比较审敛法知?ln2知lim(6)由limx??x?01xn?1nnx1n??2n?1?1n?1?发散.
n!; n3?1n?1?6.用比值判别法判别下列级数的敛散性:
n2(1) ?n;
n?13?(2)?332333n???????; (3)23n1?22?23?2n?22n?n!(1) ?n
nn?1?n2Un?1?n?1?23n1解:(1) Un?n,lim?limn?1?2??1, n??3Unn??3n3由比值审敛法知,级数收敛.
288
(2) limUn?1n??U?lim?n?1?!3n?1n? nn??31?1?n!?limn???n?1??3n?13n?1?1???所以原级数发散.
(3) U?1n?13nn?2nlimn??U?limnn???n?1??2n?1?3n ?lim3nn??2?n?1??32?1所以原级数发散.
(4) Un?1nlimn?12??n?1?!nn??U?limnn???n?1?n?1?2n?n! n?limn??2??n??n?1???2lim12n???n??e?1?1?1?n??故原级数收敛.
7.用根值判别法判别下列级数的敛散性:
(1) ???n?5n?1??;
(2)
;
n?1?3n???1n?1?ln?n?1??n2n?1(3) ????n??;
n?1?3n?1?(4) ???n?b??,其中an→a(n→∞),an,b,a均为正数.n?1?an?解:(1)limn5nn??Un?limn??3n?1?53?1, 故原级数发散.
(2) limnU?1n??nlimn??ln?n?1??0?1,
289
故原级数收敛.
n?nU?lim?(3)lim??nn??n???3n?1?2?1n?1?1, 9故原级数收敛.
bb?b?n?lim?, (4) limn???a?n??aa?n?nn当ba时,>1,原级数发散;当
babab=a时,=1,无法判定其敛散性.
8.判定下列级数是否收敛?若收敛,是绝对收敛还是条件收敛?
111(1)1?????;
234ba(2)???1?n?1n?1?1ln?n?1?;
(3) ????11111111??????;
535325335342nn?12(4)???1?; n!n?1?(5)???1?n?1n?1?1n????R?;
n111???1??(6) ??1??????. 23n?nn?1??111?,级数?Un是交错级数,且满足,
nnn?1n?1解:(1)Un???1?n?1??11lim?0,由莱布尼茨判别法级数收敛,又?Un??1是P<1的n??nn?1n?12nP级数,所以?Un发散,故原级数条件收敛.
n?1?(2)Un???1?1ln?n?1??n?11ln?n?1?,
1???1?n?1n?1?1ln?n?1?为交错级数,且
1ln?n?2?1,limn???ln?n?1??0,由莱布尼茨判别法知原级数收敛,
但由于Un?
ln?n?1?1 n?1290
所以,?Un发散,所以原级数条件收敛.
n?1?(3)Un???1?n?1???111?11民,显然,而是收敛的等U??????nnnn5?3n5?3533n?1n?1n?1n?1比级数,故?Un收敛,所以原级数绝对收敛.
n?1?Un?122n?1(4)因为lim?lim???. n??Un??n?1nUn?0, 故可得Un?1?Un,得limn??Un?0,原级数发散. ∴limn??(5)当α>1时,由级数?1收敛得原级数绝对收敛. ?n?1n??当0<α≤1时,交错级数???1?n?1n?11111lim?0,满足条件:;?????n??nnn?n?1??n?1?11发散,所以????nn?1n由莱布尼茨判别法知级数收敛,但这时???1?n?1原级数条件收敛.
Un?0,所以原级数发散. 当α≤0时,limn??111?(6)由于?1?????????
?231n?n1n而?发散,由此较审敛法知级数
1???1??11发散. ??1???????23n?nn?1?111?记Un??1????????,则
?231n?n?n1n?1n? 291
11??11??11Un?Un?1??1??????????2n??nn?1??n?1??2311?1?11??1???????2n?n?n?1??n?1??2311??1?1?11??????????2?n?n?n?1??n?n?1??n?1???23?0
即Un?Un?1
1?111?Un?lim?1?????? 又limn??n??n?21n1??dxn0x3n?11t1由lim?0dx?limt?0 t???tt???1xn111???1??Un?0,知lim由莱布尼茨判别法,原级数??1???????收敛,n??n23n?n?1??而且是条件收敛.
9.判别下列函数项级数在所示区间上的一致收敛性.
xn(1) ?,x∈[-3,3]; (2) ?2,x∈[0,1];
??!n?1nn?1n?1?xn?sinnx(3) ?n,x∈(-∞,+∞); (4)
3n?1?e?nx,|x|<5; ?n?1n!?(5)
?n?1?cosnx3n?x52,x∈(-∞,+∞)
?3n解:(1)∵
xn?n?1?!?n?1?!?,x∈[-3,3],
3n而由比值审敛法可知?n?1?n?1?!收敛,所以原级数在 [-3,3]上一致收敛.
1xn(2)∵2?2,x∈[0,1],
nn 292