凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！
考研备考英语阅读常见的四大出题点
一、举例处
(1)举例子：句子的作用是为了支持论证作者的观点，这些例子往往与作者的观点和结论有很大的关联，具有重大的意义，因此也成为了考试出题点。这种题目在文章中的线索非常明显，一般都带有如下的标志性词汇：for example、for instance、take ? as anexample、as、such as、like 等。举例子作用通常有三个：第一、证明论点，论点在前;第二、引出话题或得出结论，话题和结论在后;第三、通过对比突出强调事物的某一方面。 【真题回放2011-Text3】
① If that happens,passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, puttingthe reputation of the target company at risk. ② In such acase, the company's response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, andthe learning curve has been steep. ③ Toyota Motor, forexample, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this yearwith a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign,which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such asTwitter and the social-news site Digg. 34. Toyota Motor's experience is cited as an example of [A] responding effectively to hijacked media.
[B] persuading customers into boycotting products. [C] cooperating with supportive consumers. [D] taking advantage of hijacked media.
(2)列举：所谓列举是指通过一些表示顺承关系的词语逐项列出一些事实或者观点，标志性的词汇包括First、Second、Third?; Firstly、Secondly、Thirdly?Finally; First of all,、Then、In addition、Further、Furthermore、Besides、Moreover?针对这一考点的题目通常考查文章细节，有时候也涉及对文章内容的推理判断。出题形式最多的往往是“是非判断题”。 【真题回放2009-Text3】
The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men ofimpressive education and influence in England. `Besides the ninety or solearned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after1629,There were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman,lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There menwrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old Worldaudiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.
38. The early ministers and political leaders in MassachusettsBay__________. [A] were famous in the New World for their writings [B] gained increasing importance in religious affairs
[C] abandoned high positions before coming to the New World [D] created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England 二、因果关系处
因果句通常是作者进行分析或者得出结论的地方。英语句子存在前因后果和前果后因，
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凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！
考生一定要弄清楚谁导致谁。出题者为了考查考生的阅读能力和逻辑分析能力，经常会把含有因果关系进行颠倒，将“因变成了果、果变成了因”，考生需要注意辨别实际的因果关系，防止混淆。表示因果关系的词语有： (1)原因because、because of、so、for、since、as、result from、originate from、derive from;base、basis、reason,、above all、after all等。 【真题回放2007-Text2】
① The defining term ofintelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests arenot given as often as they used to be. ② The test comes primarilyin two forms: the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the WechslerIntelligence Scales (both come in adult and children's version)。③ Generally costing several hundred dollars, they are usuallygiven only by psychologists, although variations of them populate bookstoresand the World Wide Web. ④ Superhigh scores like vosSavant's are no longer possible, because scoring is now based on a statisticalpopulation distribution among age peers, rather than simply dividing the mentalage by the chronological age and multiplying by 100. ⑤ Otherstandardized tests, such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and theGraduate Record Exam (GRE)， capture themain aspects of IQ tests.
28. People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scores as high asvos Savant's because [A] the scores are obtained through different computationalprocedures. [B] creativity rather than analytical skills is emphasized now. [C] vos Savant's case is an extreme one that will not repeat. [D] the defining characteristic of IQ tests has changed.
(2)结果：thus, therefore,consequently, in consequence, as a result; lead to, attribute to, result,consequence, result in, cause等。 【真题回放1997-Text3】
We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use ofsubstances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine tobe sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.When do these socially acceptable and apparently constructive uses of asubstance become misuses? First of all, most substances taken in excess willproduce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions.Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substancedependence. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more andmore of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by theappearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance isdiscontinued. 61. Physical dependence on certain substances results from________. [A] uncontrolled consumption of them over long periods of time [B] exclusive use of them for social purposes
[C] quantitative application of them to the treatment ofdiseases [D] careless employment of them for unpleasant symptoms
(3)有时候文章中虽然没有出现表示因果关系的标志性词语，但是句与句在逻辑关系上也存在着因果关系，这个时候考生就需要自己进行仔细判断和推理。 【真题回放2001-Text2】
There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide willnarrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in theinterest of business to universalize access — after all, the more peopleonline, the more potential customers there are. More and more
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凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！
governments,afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access.Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will benetted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrowrather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because theInternet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty thatwe've ever had.
56. Governments attach importance to the Internet because it________. [A] offers economic potentials [B] can bring foreign funds
[C] can soon wipe out world poverty [D] connects people all over the world 三、类比比喻处
类比在文中主要有两种体现方式，一是明喻，即A像B一样;二是暗喻，说A是B，由于暗喻更加隐蔽，出题人往往趋向于在暗喻内容上出题。考生还要熟记，“借喻或借代”也是出题人常考的地方，例如用“多米诺骨牌”进行借代等。 【真题回放1997-Text1】
The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights ofthe Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to dealwith its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief,others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian MedicalAssociation, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But thetide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia — where an aging population,life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all playedtheir part — other states are going to consider making a similar law to dealwith euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement isgathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.
52. When the author says that observers are waiting for thedominoes to start falling, he means ________.
[A] observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards thefuture of euthanasia [B] similar bills are likely to be passed in the US, Canada andother countries [C] observers are waiting to see the result of the game ofdominoes
[D] the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finallycome to a stop 四、引用处
说明文或者议论文中经常引用他人的观点来支持论证作者自己的观点。引文既可以是从正面来支持自己的观点，也可以是通过驳斥反面观点从而论证自己的观点。因此，引文间接地表达了作者自己的观点，有一定的隐蔽性和迷惑性，所以也是出题考查的热点地区，通常会考查考生的推理能力和对作者态度观点的判断能力。具体出现位置往往是第一段的第一句话。
【真题回放2003-Text2】
① To paraphrase18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, “all that is needed for the triumph of amisguided cause is that good people do nothing.”② One such causenow seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals haverights ruling out their use in research. ③ Scientists need torespond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusingthe public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. ④ Leaders of theanimal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on publicfunding, and few people understand the process of health care research. ⑤ Hearingallegations of cruelty
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凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！
to animals in research settings, many are perplexed thatanyone would deliberately harm an animal. 46. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke's words to________. [A] call on scientists to take some actions
[B] criticize the misguided cause of animal rights [C] warn of the doom of biomedical research
[D] show the triumph of the animal rights movement 凯程教育：
凯程考研备考成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研备考，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研备考教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研备考服务。 凯程考研备考的宗旨：让学习成为一种习惯；
凯程考研备考的价值观口号：凯旋归来，前程万里； 信念：让每个学员都有好最好的归宿；
使命：完善全新的教育模式，做中国最专业的考研备考辅导机构； 激情：永不言弃，乐观向上；
敬业：以专业的态度做非凡的事业；
服务：以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作，为学员服务，为学员引路。
如何选择考研备考辅导班：
在考研备考准备的过程中，会遇到不少困难，尤其对于跨专业考生的专业课来说，通过报辅导班来弥补自己复习的不足，可以大大提高复习效率，节省复习时间，大家可以通过以下几个方面来考察辅导班，或许能帮你找到适合你的辅导班。
师资力量：师资力量是考察辅导班的首要因素，考生可以针对辅导名师的辅导年限、辅导经验、历年辅导效果、学员评价等因素进行综合评价，询问往届学长然后选择。判断师资力量关键在于综合实力，因为任何一门课程，都不是由一、两个教师包到底的，是一批教师配合的结果。还要深入了解教师的学术背景、资料著述成就、辅导成就等。凯程考研备考名师云集，李海洋、张鑫教授、方浩教授、卢营教授、孙浩教授等一大批名师在凯程授课。而有的机构只是很普通的老师授课，对知识点把握和命题方向，欠缺火候。
对该专业有辅导历史：必须对该专业深刻理解，才能深入辅导学员考取该校。在考研备考辅导班中，从来见过如此辉煌的成绩：凯程教育拿下2017五道口金融学院状元，考取五道口15人，清华经管金融硕士10人，人大金融硕士15个，中财和贸大金融硕士合计20人，北师大教育学7人，会计硕士保录班考取30人，翻译硕士接近20人，中传状元王园璐、郑家威都是来自凯程，法学方面，凯程在人大、北大、贸大、政法、武汉大学、公安大学等院校斩获多个法学和法硕状元，更多专业成绩请查看凯程网站。在凯程官方网站的光荣榜，成功学员经验谈视频特别多，都是凯程战绩的最好证明。对于如此高的成绩，凯程集训营班主任邢老师说，凯程如此优异的成绩，是与我们凯程严格的管理，全方位的辅导是分不开的，很多学生本科都不是名校，某些学生来自二本三本甚至不知名的院校，还有很多是工作了多年
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凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！
才回来考的，大多数是跨专业考研备考，他们的难度大，竞争激烈，没有严格的训练和同学们的刻苦学习，是很难达到优异的成绩。最好的办法是直接和凯程老师详细沟通一下就清楚了。
建校历史：机构成立的历史也是一个参考因素，历史越久，积累的人脉资源更多。例如，凯程教育已经成立10年（2005年），一直以来专注于考研备考，成功率一直遥遥领先，同学们有兴趣可以联系一下他们在线老师或者电话。
有没有实体学校校区：有些机构比较小，就是一个在写字楼里上课，自习，这种环境是不太好的，一个优秀的机构必须是在教学环境，大学校园这样环境。凯程有自己的学习校区，有吃住学一体化教学环境，独立卫浴、空调、暖气齐全，这也是一个考研备考机构实力的体现。此外，最好还要看一下他们的营业执照。
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