1 The result is, the sea,the cradle of many civilizations, is seriously polluted. It is the first of the seas that has been made to suffer from a situation resulting from development mixed with an irresponsible mentality.
2Further, while the places such as Cannes and Tel Aviv dispose of their wastes through a pipe stretching out half a mile from the shore, most cities do not bother to do that but simply dump their sewage directly into the sea along the coastline.
3 There is an even bigger hazard hidden in the seafood dishes that are forever so appealing to those holiday makers.
4 Factories are set up around the coastline, few of which, including the most sophisticated, have been equipped with a satisfactory system for dealing with their effluents. Translation
1. 我觉得曾见过他，但一时想不起他的名字。(escape)
I thought I had met him before, but his name just escaped me at the moment.
2. 阔别多年，他已经不再是我记忆中的那个纯真少年，而变成了一个老于世故的生意人。(sophisticated)
After years of separation, he was no longer the innocent lad that I had remembered; rather he had turned into a sophisticated businessman.
3. “占领华尔街”运动的起因之一是美国国内日益扩大的贫富差距。(affluent)
One of the motives of the \was the ever-widening gap between the affluent and the impoverished in the U.S.
4. 由于这个灯塔附近有一个海军基地，外国游客不得登塔。(deny)
Foreign visitors are denied access to the light-house as there is a naval base nearby.
5. 吸毒几乎毫无例外地和盗窃、卖淫联系在一起。(go hand in hand)
Almost without exception, drug addiction goes hand in hand with robbery and prostitution.
6. 这个高尔夫俱乐部不对外开放，只为VIP会员服务。(exclusively)
This golf club is not open to the public; it serves exclusively VIP club members.
7. 为讨得皇帝的欢心，这几个皇妃无所不为。(vie) In vying for the king's affection and favour, the imperial concubines resorted to every means possible.
8. 他小时候被狗咬过，所以对狗一直有点戒心。(wary of)
He was bitten by a dog when a child, so he has been wary of dogs ever since.
Unit 3
1. In the Hoffmann’s opinion “simplicity” is the best word to describe the essense of Einstein’s character. The abstract notion of simplicity is explained by a phrase in the first paragraph. Which is it?
“going instinctively to the heart of a matter”
2. from the two anecdotes related in paras.2-4, what impression of Einstein have you got?
Einstein was a very modest, never thinking himself any superior to or more authoritative than others because of his fame and achievements as a great scientist of the time.
3. what, according to the author, is Einstein’s most outstanding trait as a scientist?
Concentration. Refer to the first sentence of Paragraph 9. 4. why did Einstein insist on working hard when he was so badly shaken by his wife’s death?
Working hard requires concentration, which would help him to dispel the feeling of sorrow.
5. how do you interpret the sentence in para.11 “to help him, I steeered the discussion away from routine matters into more difficult theoretical problems”?
Tackling more difficult theoretical problems requires greater concentration and absorption. This would help him temporarily forget the sadness caused by his wife’s death.. 6. what revelation is made through Einstein’s comment on Beethoven and Mozart’s works?
As a simple man, Einstein takes it that beauty exists in the Universe. Such beauty is natural, pure, and simple. Beauty found is even greater and more admirable than beauty created.
7. how did Einstein feel about the destructive effect produced as a result of the application of his E=mc2 formula?
This is something he had not expected. He was greatly dismayed by the devastating effect his formula produced once it was put into application.
8.with his favorite anecdote related in para.19, Hoffmann aims to illustrate Einstein’s whimsically. Do you think he is really a whimsical man? What personality trait other than being whimsical is revealed here?
He was not really a whimsical man. If he could be called a whimsical man, then his whimsicality came from the young heart and childlike innocence which he had managed to retain.
Paraphrase
1. In the Hoffmann’s opinion “simplicity” is the best word to describe the essense of Einstein’s character. The abstract notion of simplicity is explained by a phrase in the first paragraph. Which is it?
“going instinctively to the heart of a matter”