1. In the past, many young people ______.
A. knew the effects of war B. went in for politics
C. liked to save the wounded in wars D. were willing to be soldiers
2. Now with TV people can _____.
A. discuss politics at an information center
B. show more interest in politics
C. make their own decisions on political affairs D. express their opinions freely
3. The author thinks that TV advertisements _____. A. are not reliable on the whole
B. are useless to people C. are a good guide to adults
D. are very harmful to the young
4. Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. People have become used to crimes now.
B. With a TV set some problems can be solved quickly. C. People now like to read books with pictures.
D. The adults are less violent than the young. 5. From the passage, we can conclude that _____.
A. children should keep away from TV
B.TV programs should be improved
C. children’s books should have pictures D. TV has a deep influence on the young
Passage 2
Nonverbal (非语言的) communication has to do with gestures, movements and closeness of two people when they are talking. The scientists say that those gestures, movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry.
For example, the body distance between two speakers can be important. North Americans often complain that South Americans are unfriendly because they tend to stand close to the North American when speaking, while the South American often considers the North American to be “cold” or “distant” because he keeps a greater distance between himself and the person he is speaking to . The “eye contact” provides another example of what we are calling nonverbal communication. Scientists have observed that there is more eye contact between people who like each other than there is between people who don’t like each other. The length of time that the person whom you are speaking to looks at your eyes indicates the amount of interest he has in the things you are talking about.
On the other hand, too long a gaze can make people uncomfortable. The eyes apparently play a great part in nonverbal communication. Genuine warmth or interest, shyness or confidence can often be seen in the eyes. We do not always consider a smile to be a sign of friendliness. Someone who is always smiling, and with little apparent reasons, often makes us uneasy.
6. According to the passage, nonverbal communication _____. A. is a method often used by people who cannot speak
B. can tell something that words cannot
C. can be used to talk with people who cannot bear
D. is less used than words
7. The South American _____.
A. tends to keep a distance between himself and the person he is speaking to
B. usually stands close to the person he is talking to C. is often unfriendly when spoken to
D. is often cold and distant when speaking 8. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Less eye contact suggests distance in relation.
B. The longer one looks at you, the more interest he has in you.
C. There is more eye contact between people who like each other.
D. Shorter eye contact shows more interest in what one is talking about. 9. Too long a gaze _____.
A. may upset people being looked at B. shows one’s great confidence
C. indicates one’s interest in the talk D. tells you how friendly one is
10. Constant smiling without apparent reason __D___. A. is a sign of one’s friendliness
B. is a sign of one’s unfriendliness
C. makes people feel happy D. makes people feel uncomfortable
Passage 3
In the United States elementary education begins at the age of six. At this stage nearly all the teachers are women, mostly married. The atmosphere is usually very friendly , and the teachers
have now accepted the idea that the important thing is to make the children happy and interested. The old authoritarian (要绝对服从的) methods of education were discredited (不被认可) rather a long time ago--so much so that many people now think that they have gone too far in the direction of trying to make children happy and interested rather than giving them actual instruction.
The social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that human beings in a society need to work together for their common good. So the emphasis is on co-operation rather than competition throughout most of this process. This may seem curious, in view of the fact that American society is highly competitive; however, the need for making people sociable in this sense has come to be regarded as one of the functions of education. Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that the educational system fails. It probably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready to help one another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.
11. According to the passage, the U.S. elementary education is supposed to make children _____. A. sensible and sensitive
B. competitive and interested C. curious and friendly
D. happy and co-operative
12. Some Americans complain about elementary schools because they think ____. A. children are reluctant to help each other
B. schools lay too much emphasis on co-operation C. children should grow up with competitive ideas
D. schools give little actual instruction to children
13. The author’s attitude towards American education can be best described as _____.
A. favorable B. negative
C. tolerant
D. unfriendly
14. The American educational system emphasizes __C___.
A. material wealth B. competition C. co-operation D. personal benefit
15. The word “sociable” (Line 7, Paragraph2) most probably means _____. A. fond of talking freely
B. friendly with other people C. concerned about social welfare
D. happy at school
Passage 4
In the United States, 30 percent of the adult population has a “weight problem”. To many people, the cause is obvious: they eat too much. But scientific evidence does little to support this idea. Going back to the America of the 1910s, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less and didn’t watch television. Several modern studies, moreover, have shown that fatter people do not eat more on the average than thinner people. In fact, some investigations, such as the 1979 study of 3,545 London office workers, report that, on balance, fat people eat less than slimmer people.
Studies show that slim people are more active than fat people. A study by a research group at Stanford University School of Medicine found the following interesting facts:
The more the men ran, the more body fat they lost. The more they ran, the greater amount of food they ate.
Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat.
16. The physical problem that many adult Americans have is that _______.
A. they are too slim B. they work too hard
C. they are too fat D. they lose too much body fat