14. widespread adj. found or distributed over a large area 遍布的 15. muscle n. length of stretchable tissue in an animal body that is
attached at each end to bone 肌肉
16.substitute n. person or thing that replaces ,acts for or serves as
sb or sth else 替换或代理的人或物；代替品
17.acid adj. having a bitter sharp taste; sour 酸味的；酸的 18.stomach n. bag-like organ of the body into which food passes
when swallowed and in which the first part of digestion occurs 胃
19. digestive adj. of digestion (of food ) 消化食物的
20. combination n. joining or mixing together of two or more things or
people 混合；结合；联合；组合
21. protein n. substance found in meat, egg, fish etc. that is an
important part of the diet of human and animals 蛋白质
22. chiefly adv. above all; principally 首先；首要地 23. contain v. have or hold within itself 包含；含有 Phrases & Expressions 1. fall in love 爱上
e.g. Tom fell in love with a beautiful girl in his class. 汤姆爱上了班级里的一个漂亮的女生。 2. grow up 成长；长大
e.g. I’d like to be a scientist after I grow up. 长大后我想当一名科学家。 3. a great many 许多
e.g. There are a great many cars on the road. 路上的车很多。
4. as a matter of fact 事实上；其实
e.g. I’m going there tomorrow, as a matter of fact.
事实上，明天我要去那里。 Proper Name
World War Ⅱ 第二次世界大战 Language Focus
1. Man-eating may have started because people were eager to become as strong and brave as their enemies. 由于人们急于变得和他们的敌人一样强壮勇敢，食人的行为也许已经产生了。
may have＋ done sth表示一种猜测；句中同时有另外一个句型as…as,其中两个as 中间为形容词的原级，表示“和??一样”;e.g. Their house is as big as mine. 他们的房子和我的一样大。
2. How surprised the people who thought tomatoes poisonous would be if they could know that millions of pounds of tomatoes were supplied to soldiers overseas during World War II. 如果那些认为西红柿有毒的人得知上百万磅的西红柿在二战期间被供应给海外的士兵，他们会多么的惊奇啊！
该句是由if引导的条件句，主句是由how引导的感叹句式。主句中同时包含着由who引导的定语从句，其先行词为the people。条件句中包含一个由know引导的宾语从句：…millions of pounds of tomatoes were supplied to soldiers overseas during World War II. 该从句使用了被动语态be＋done,即were supplied。
3. It is just as foolish to say that one should never eat meat and potatoes together as it is to say that one should never eat bread or drink milk. 说人不能同时食用西红柿和肉类与说人不能吃面包或喝牛奶一样，是愚蠢的。
该句实际上是as…as的原级比较。句中的两个it均为形式主语，其真正的主语分别是to不定式后面的内容，即to say that one should never eat meat and potatoes together 和to say that one should never eat bread or drink milk. Practice
Understanding of the Text
I. Fill in the Blanks with the words or phrases from the passage. Don’t refer back
to it until you have finished.
Many primitive people believed that by eating an animal they could get some of the good ___of that animal for themselves. Among civilized people, there also existed some mistaken belief, for instance, tomatoes were called love apples and were ___ to make people who ate them ___ .Even today, there are many wrong ideas about food. One such idea is that fish is the best brain food, but no one has been able to ___ it. Many of the ideas which scientists tell us have no foundation have to do with mixture of food. Still another mixing food is that proteins and carbohydrates should never be eaten at the same ___. This idea is foolish.
II. Answer the following questions with the information you’ve got from the passage.
1. What mistaken ideas about food did the primitive people have?
2. Why did some people believe that we should never drink orange juice and milk at the same meal?
3. According to the author, is it right to eat proteins and carbohydrates at the same meal?
Words and Phrases
III. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.
contain for instance widespread memory as a matter of fact chiefly a great many substitute combination fall in love 1. He has a good ___ dates.
2. During his stay in America, he got along well with ___ friends. 3. The accident happened ___ because you were careless. 4. If you cannot go yourself, please find someone to ___ you. 5. The boy ___ the girl at first sight.
6. The firm is working on a new product in ___ with several overseas partners. 7. Several of his friends came: Ben, Carol, and Mike, ___.
8. Whisky ___ a large percentage of alcohol.
9. There is a ___ dissatisfaction among the students with the food on campus. 10. I’ m going there tomorrow, ___. Sentence Structure
V. Complete the following sentences after the model given below.
Model: Mary ___________ (也许还没收到礼物), or she would have thanked me in her letter. Mary may not have received my present, or she would have thanked me in her letter. 1. The children looked so excited. They _________________. (可能是看到今晚音乐会的票了)
2. Jim seems to be quite familiar with this place. He _____________. (可能来过这儿好多次了)
3. The apple has been on the table for two months. It ______________. (可能已经坏了)
4. Tom looks very angry with Lucy. He ______________. (可能误解她了)
5. Mr. Wang didn’t attend the meeting this morning. He __________________. (可能出国了)
VI. Rewrite the following sentences after the model. Model: We should arrive at the airport before 4 o’clock. We are supposed to arrive at the airport before 4 o’clock. 1. I should not be late for class.
2. You shouldn’t take the books out of the library. 3. Nobody should smoking in the building. 4. We should obey the school laws.
5. You should check out of the hotel as soon as possible. Translation
Ⅶ.Translate the following sentences into English. 1.当你不懂一个单词时，可以查字典。 （look up） 2.他没有意识到他已身陷险境。 （in danger）
3.我知道她未完成这项工作，不过，她已经尽力了。 （after all） 4.黄石国家公园里有各种各样的野生动物。 （a variety of ） 5.事实上，他是我最好的朋友。 （as a matter of fact） Ⅷ.Translate the Passage into English.
众所周知，要想有一个健康的心理，我们必须要有一个健康的身体。这是至关重要的。只有身体强壮我们才能精力充沛地去学习、工作，过上幸福的生活。要想保持身体健康，体育锻炼是最好的方式。户外的体育运动能使我们贴近自然，呼吸新鲜的空气。大自然的美丽会使我们保持一个清醒的头脑。同时，体育锻炼有助于消化。
Passage B
Dieting Your Way to Health
Almost everyone considers going on a diet sometime in his or her life. All, regardless of sex and age, have something in common —— losing weight and losing it fast.
Though their common aim may seem basically good, they probably do not realize that misguided dieting can be harmful to their health. Going on too strict a diet can destroy the balance of chemicals in the human body. This happens because when the body is suddenly given much less food than usual, it feels as though it is being attacked and tries hard to protect itself by saving energy. It does this by slowing down metabolism（新陈代谢）, the process by which the food we eat is changed into energy. As energy is supplied to the body at a slower and slower rate, dieters gradually become weak and lose interest in everything. They are easily attacked by one illness after another.
Most of those who diet know that foods like rice, bread, potatoes, cakes, sweets, fruits and some vegetables contain carbohydrates, and so can make one fat. What they