燕山大学本科生毕业设计（论文）
Abstract
The intelligent entrance guard system is very common in applications of automation, it provides convenience and guarantee people’s life safety of people’s daily life, along with the development of society and economy, the intelligent recognition technology has been used in many industries, especially the safety coefficient of particularly high industry (bank, gated industry), convenience and security intelligent access control system to make it more it more attention.
Analysis of the design of the RFID access control system at home and abroad, the future development trend and main problem, put forward a design scheme of access control system based on RFID. First elaborated the basic principle, system composition of RFID assess control system, analyzes the system hardware circuit design, software design, hardware design, selection of the sub circuit subroutine design in detail.
Access control system using STC89C52RC microcontroller as control core and the FM1702SL card control module. Access control system can read and write the Philips of the company in Holland Mifare non-contact RF card, the card reader distance of about 10cm. When the card entered will read the card data after processing though the MCU program to automatically determine is not legitimate RFID card, and the card number is transmitted to the LCD 1602 display. If it is a legitimate RFID card can make stepper motor rotation, to achieve the door effect.
Keywords RFID；access control system；STC89C52RC；FM1702SL
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目 录
摘要 ....................................................................................................................... I Abstract ................................................................................................................ II 第1章 绪论 ........................................................................................................ 1
1.1 课题背景及意义 ................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 课题研究的背景 ............................................................................ 1 1.1.2 课题研究的意义 ............................................................................ 1 1.2 门禁系统的国内外研究状况及发展趋势 ........................................... 2 1.2.1 门禁系统国外研究状况 ................................................................ 2 1.2.2 门禁系统国内研究状况 ................................................................ 2 1.2.3 门禁系统的发展趋势 .................................................................... 2 1.3 RFID门禁系统的优越性 ...................................................................... 3 1.4本文主要研究内容与论文结构 ............................................................ 4 1.4.1 研究的主要内容 ............................................................................ 4 1.4.2 本论文结构 .................................................................................... 4
第2章 RFID门禁系统理论基础 ...................................................................... 5
2.1 射频识别技术 ....................................................................................... 5 2.2 射频识别技术原理 ............................................................................... 5 2.3 射频识别系统的结构 ........................................................................... 6 2.4 门禁系统设计的基本原则 ................................................................... 7 2.5 本论文拟解决的关键问题与解决方法 ............................................... 8 2.5.1 拟解决的关键问题 ........................................................................ 8 2.5.2 解决方法 ........................................................................................ 8 2.6 本章小结 ............................................................................................... 9 第3章 门禁系统的硬件电路设计 .................................................................. 10
3.1门禁系统工作原理和电路设计主框图 .............................................. 10 3.2 FM1702SL读卡器 ................................................................................ 11 3.2.1 SPI总线协议 ................................................................................ 12
3.3 MIFARE射频卡介绍 ............................................................................. 13
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3.4 串行EEPROM存储电路 .................................................................... 14 3.4.1 EEPROM存储器接口 .................................................................. 16 3.4.2 I2C总线协议 ................................................................................. 16 3.5 时钟芯片 .............................................................................................. 17 3.6 步进电机电路 ...................................................................................... 18 3.7 红外传感器 .......................................................................................... 19 3.8 硬件实物展示 ...................................................................................... 20 3.9 本章小结 .............................................................................................. 21 第4章 门禁系统的软件设计 ........................................................................... 22 4.1 门禁系统软件设计模块框图 .............................................................. 22 4.2 门禁系统主程序介绍 .......................................................................... 23 4.3 读卡过程及程序设计流程图 .............................................................. 24 4.3.1 寻卡 ............................................................................................... 25 4.3.2 防冲突 ........................................................................................... 25 4.3.3 选择卡片 ....................................................................................... 25 4.3.4 验证 ............................................................................................... 25
4.3.5 读取卡号 ....................................................................................... 26 4.3.6 卡挂起 ........................................................................................... 26 4.4 其他程序设计流程图 .......................................................................... 26 4.4.1 LCD1602显示程序设计 ............................................................... 26 4.4.2 按键控制程序设计 ....................................................................... 27 4.4.3 定时器模块程序设计 ................................................................... 29 4.4.4 存储程序设计 ............................................................................... 30 4.4.5 开门模块程序设计 ....................................................................... 31 4.5 程序编译与调试 .................................................................................. 32 4.5.1 建立项目工程 ............................................................................... 32 4.5.2 程序编译调试 ............................................................................... 33 4.6 本章小结 .............................................................................................. 33 结论 ..................................................................................................................... 34 参考文献 ............................................................................................................. 35 致谢 ..................................................................................................................... 37 附录1 .................................................................................................................. 38
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附录2 ................................................................................................................. 44 附录3 ................................................................................................................. 49 附录4 ................................................................................................................. 56
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