(北京)
CHINA UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM
毕 业 设 计
100×104 Nm3/d伴生气轻烃回收液化气工艺设计
院系名称： 化学工程学院 专业名称： 化学工程与工艺 学生姓名： 郭小丰 学 号： 2008031317 指导教师： 张文慧
完成日期 2012 年 6 月 6 日
中国石油大学（北京）本科毕业设计 第 I页
100×104Nm3/d伴生气轻烃回收液化气工艺设计
摘要
辽河油田拟新建一套处理规模为100×104 Nm3/d的轻烃回收液化气装置。通过模拟计算，分析了液化气的收率与制冷温度和总能耗之间的关系，确定了制冷温度为-92℃，丙烷收率为81.00%，液化气收率为87.83%的最优工艺参数。针对本工程特点，最终确定了双低温分离器和膨胀机制冷加节流膨胀制冷的同轴增压的轻烃回收方案。该方案采用了冷箱系统，增强了流程装置对组分波动的适应性，减少了冷剂装置的投资，能量利用率高；采用双低温分离塔减少了脱乙烷塔的进料，从而减少了塔设备的投资；回收一级与二级压缩后的原料气的高焓值来加热脱乙烷塔和脱丁烷塔的再沸器，节约1177.8 kW。
关键词：天然气；轻烃回收装置；方案设计
中国石油大学（北京）本科毕业设计 第 II页
Recovery of Liquefied Petroleum Gas From 1 million
m3 / d Natural Gas
Abstract
Liaohe Oilfield plans to build an installation about light hydrocarbon recovery of liquefied petroleum gas which processes a scale of 1 million m3/d natural gas. The relationship between the yield of liquefied petroleum gas and refrigeration temperature and total energy consumption by simulation is analyzed to determine the optimal process parameters that the refrigeration temperature of -92 ℃, propane yield of 81.00% and liquefied gas yield of 87.83%. Because of characteristics of this project, coaxial pressurized light hydrocarbon recovery program is ultimately determined that is with the pairs of low temperature separation column and the expansion plus throttle expansion cooling mechanism. The program uses a cold box system, so it enhances the adaptability of the process device to component fluctuations and efficiency of energy and reduces the cost of the refrigerant system. Adding dual low temperature separation machines can reduce the feed of off ethane tower, thereby reducing the cost of the tower equipment. Large energy of the recovery of the feed after compression can be used to heat off ethane tower and off butane tower re-boilers to save 1177.8 kW.
Key words : natural gas；an installation about light hydrocarbon recovery；
the conduction of the project
中国石油大学（北京）本科毕业设计 第 III页
目 录
第1章 前言 .......................................................................................... 1
1.1 油田伴生气回收的目的 .......................................................... 1 1.2 天然气轻烃回收的主要产品 .................................................. 1
1.2.1干气 ................................................................................ 1 1.2.2液化气 ............................................................................ 2 1.2.3 轻油 ............................................................................... 2 1.3 国内外LPG工艺技术概况 ..................................................... 2
1.3.1国内技术 ........................................................................ 5 1.3.2国外技术 ........................................................................ 6
第2章 工艺流程设计 ......................................................................... 7
2.1 辽河油田轻烃回收简述 .......................................................... 7
2.1.1 轻烃回收液化气设计背景 ........................................... 7 2.1.2 原料组成 ....................................................................... 7 2.1.3 主要产品及产品质量要求 ........................................... 8 2.2 HYSYS流程模拟 .................................................................. 8
2.2.1 状态方程 ....................................................................... 8 2.2.2 工艺流程介绍 ............................................................. 9 2.3关键设备工艺参数的确定 ...................................................... 11
2.3.1 三级压缩压力的确定 .................................................. 11 2.3.2 确定物料经冷箱冷却后的温度 .................................. 11
中国石油大学（北京）本科毕业设计 第 IV页
2.3.3 脱乙烷塔参数的确定 ................................................. 12 2.4 相关产品产率及回收率 ........................................................ 14 第3章 工艺装置主要设备的选型 ..................................................... 15
3.1 压缩机 .................................................................................... 15
3.1.1 离心式压缩机 ............................................................. 15 3.1.2 往复压缩机 ................................................................. 15 3.2 换热器 .................................................................................... 16
3.2.1换热器的选型计算 ...................................................... 17 3.2.1 空冷器 ......................................................................... 18 3.2.2 水冷器 ......................................................................... 19 3.2.3 换热器 ......................................................................... 20 3.2.4 再沸器 ......................................................................... 20 3.3气液分离器 ............................................................................. 21 3.4 膨胀机 .................................................................................... 22 3.5 塔 ............................................................................................ 22
3.5.1 脱乙烷塔 ..................................................................... 24 3.5.2 脱丁烷塔 ..................................................................... 24 3.6 泵 ............................................................................................ 25 参考文献 ............................................................................................... 27 致谢 ....................................................................................................... 29 附录 ....................................................................................................... 30
附录 A .......................................................................................... 30 附录 B .......................................................................................... 32 附录 C .......................................................................................... 36