Abstract
With the take-off of the national economy, China's urban population is remarkably exploding. The increasing demand for transports gives rise to traffic congestion in urban areas. Therefore, public bus system is not only an efficient way to solve the problem of traffic congestion but a way to put the ―Low-Carbon Transportation‖ into of date. The recent development of public transportation requires a phonetic system which can automatically announce bus stations. The advanced system is conducive to solving many problems and improving service quality in transportation.
This paper introduces the automatic stop announcer based on STC89C52 and aims to explicitly describe the software and hardware applied in the system. The main features of the system are that STC89C52 is used for core controlling components, ISD4004 pronunciation chip for recording, LCD12864 screen for video displays, independent key K1 and K2 for input device, loudspeaker for output device. This is designed for a stop announcement and display system for buses. The voice message is recorded in the pronunciation chip in advance. When the ―Play‖ key is pressed, the voice of station announcement simultaneously appears with the information on the screen. This system enjoys the advantage of stability, simplicity and reliability. The full-featured system is an ideal model and is easily put into use.
Key words: Microcontroller Voice prompt LCD screen Bus stop announcer
目 录
第1章 绪论 ·········································································································· 1 1.1 课题研究的背景 ····························································································· 1 1.2 课题研究的意义 ····························································································· 1 1.3 课题研究的主要内容 ······················································································· 1 第2章 系统总体设计方案 ························································································ 3 2.1 功能要求 ······································································································ 3 2.2 设计思路 ······································································································ 3 2.3 方案选择 ······································································································ 3 2.3.1 显示模块选择方案 ····················································································· 3 2.3.2 按键选择方案 ··························································································· 4 2.3.3 芯片选择方案 ··························································································· 4 2.4 总体设计框图·································································································· 5 第3章 系统硬件设计 ······························································································ 6 3.1 概述 ············································································································ 6 3.2 主控模块 ······································································································ 6 3.2.1 STC89C52芯片的简介 ················································································ 6 3.2.2 主控模块电路原理图 ·················································································· 9 3.3 语音芯片模块 ································································································ 9 3.3.1 ISD4004芯片简介 ····················································································· 9 3.3.2 LM386芯片简介 ····················································································· 13 3.3.3 语音芯片模块电路原理图 ·········································································· 15 3.4 LCD液晶显示模块························································································ 15 3.4.1 组成结构 ······························································································· 16 3.4.2 引脚功能 ······························································································· 16 3.5 按键控制模块 ······························································································ 17 3.5.1 按键控制模块电路原理图 ·········································································· 18 第4章 系统软件设计 ···························································································· 19 4.1 录音模块设计 ······························································································ 20 4.2 放音模块设计 ······························································································ 20 4.3 显示模块设计 ······························································································ 21 4.4 键盘扫描模块设计 ························································································ 22 第5章 系统分析与调试 ························································································· 24 第6章 结论与展望 ······························································································· 27 参考文献 ·············································································································· 28 致谢 ···················································································································· 29 附录 ···················································································································· 30 I
附录A 外文资料 ······························································································· 30 附录B 硬件原理图 ···························································································· 45 附录C 程序清单 ······························································································· 46
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石家庄铁道大学四方学院毕业设计
第1章 绪 论
1.1 课题研究的背景
随着社会经济的发展，城市化进程越来越快，城市人口急剧增加从而使城市交通压力不断增大，在倡导绿色低碳环保的今天，公交车作为城市公共交通的重要方式，是城市居民出行的重要工具。因为公交车具有方便、快捷、经济实惠等优点。公共汽车为外出的人们提供了方便快捷的服务，而公共汽车的报站直接影响到服务的质量。
1.2 课题研究的意义
传统由乘务人员人工报站的方式工作强度大且效果差，并需要大量的人力资源。而通过单片机和语音芯片的结合，使得公交车到站信息及提示信息以语音和显示的方式告知乘客，为市民提供更人性化，完善的服务，并且节省了大量的人力资源。
公交车语音报站系统还可以结合每条线路的特点和实际情况自主设定不同的报站方式和站点设置，在为乘客提供方便的同时也便于公交车的运营和司乘人员的操作。
1.3 课题研究的主要内容
本论文主要是对C语言和单片机的一些基本知识、概念的应用学习和研究，以及STC89C52芯片模块、ISD4004语音模块和LCD12864液晶屏的开发设计，该设计的目的是设计一实现单片机与语音控制芯片系统互联，通过按键，系统可播报相应的车站信息或者公益提醒，也可以实现录音和放音功能。本设计的主要工作有以下几个方面：
1、整体方案的设计
方案的选择要符合芯片功能的要求，既要保证操作简单适合公交司机操作，又要体现出本产品的特点，本文研究设计的带录音功能的公交车语音报站系统是采用STC89C52单片机和ISD4004语音芯片，用来实现公交车站信息的播放以及录音和放音功能，用LCD12864带中文字库的液晶显示屏实现公交站名的显示。
2、程序流程图及软件设计
一个程序要想实现其功能，不能没有次序而盲目下手，必须对其有一个全面的了
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石家庄铁道大学四方学院毕业设计
解后画出流程框图，然后逐个模块的实现其功能，最终把模块之间合理的连接起来，构成完整程序。本设计的软件设计主要包括系统的初始化设计、延时子程序的设计、录音子程序的设计、放音子程序的设计、液晶屏的显示设计、中断程序设计、以及主程序设计等。整个系统程序采用模块化结构设计程序相对比较优化易修改和调试，系统软件的开发是用C语言设计的。
3、系统原理图及硬件调试
本设计在进行硬件原理分析后，需要连接实物进行实际操作，检验自己的设计是否可以行得通。需要在protel99SE环境下画出硬件原理图并进行电气测试，检测无异议后进行硬件系统的调试，为了保证系统的可靠性分析查找，硬件的调试分模块分别进行了模拟。
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